2023高三·全国·专题练习
解题方法
1 . W(
)是一种姜黄素类似物,以香兰素(
)和环己烯(
)为原料,设计合成W的路线(无机及两个碳以下的有机试剂任选) _______ 。
已知:
+
+H2CR2COR![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3d93ea0d4f5904c534989998af1fba47.png)
。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/1/7abb2ec3-e72e-4d09-b27e-41edb6583f24.png?resizew=242)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/1/4fc97a9d-90b4-455c-b811-f1981db7d296.png?resizew=121)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/1/6c93121a-731f-4099-874b-0f42e19f5bb0.png?resizew=45)
已知:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/1/f1f489de-7fba-4536-9c7b-4d1886c517c3.png?resizew=77)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/1/da2da201-28d7-4b61-8b52-1e30e10298af.png?resizew=86)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3d93ea0d4f5904c534989998af1fba47.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/1/f8d8326d-79ec-4858-a66e-8231629765ad.png?resizew=84)
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2023高三·全国·专题练习
解题方法
2 . 他喷他多(L)是一种中枢神经系统镇痛药,可有效治疗急性、慢性和神经性疼痛。他喷他多的一种合成路线如图所示。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132602183680/STEM/70a0872ebf8a4f3bbaa3582a7f9beea9.png?resizew=446)
已知:①![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/440454e3dbb9f9cd5a43c8be338c34ea.png)
;
②
。
设计以1,4-二溴丁烷和丙二酸二乙酯
为原料制备
的合成路线:___________ (其他试剂任选)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132602183680/STEM/70a0872ebf8a4f3bbaa3582a7f9beea9.png?resizew=446)
已知:①
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/440454e3dbb9f9cd5a43c8be338c34ea.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/6/8/f8a76549-7433-4c32-86f2-0e2939b5237a.png?resizew=114)
②
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/6/8/4f498847-98b6-49ce-b4d3-9a135d911dd0.png?resizew=200)
设计以1,4-二溴丁烷和丙二酸二乙酯
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0ee470365afc3db8ea0a4dbed41d14.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/6/8/c0108144-418e-4b87-8aad-f976d686aed8.png?resizew=123)
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2023高三·全国·专题练习
3 . 布洛芬具有抗炎,痛、解热作用。以有机物A(
)为原料制备布洛芬的一种合成路线如图所示。回答下列问题:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/671841d6129742b2afca7d45866a8a70.png?resizew=473)
已知:(i)![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/a829eb1318664ddc9128ed65f2653185.png?resizew=296)
(ii)环氧羧酸酯在一定条件下可发生反应:![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/841c0450cc4740e38f7dd856d07b674c.png?resizew=81)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b7dff8297b48751736d86cdbdf9caad5.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/1f2a4ad89640418d8d30813e015d78cb.png?resizew=64)
2-苯基-1-丙醇(
)是一种重要的有机合成原料,请以苯乙酮(
)和ClCH2COOC2H5为原料,设计合成2-苯基-1-丙醇(
)的合成路线_______ (无机试剂、含有两个及两个以下碳的有机试剂任选)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/19d046b3cd0348ea94dd262b2aa36b1a.png?resizew=84)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/671841d6129742b2afca7d45866a8a70.png?resizew=473)
已知:(i)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/a829eb1318664ddc9128ed65f2653185.png?resizew=296)
(ii)环氧羧酸酯在一定条件下可发生反应:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/841c0450cc4740e38f7dd856d07b674c.png?resizew=81)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b7dff8297b48751736d86cdbdf9caad5.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/1f2a4ad89640418d8d30813e015d78cb.png?resizew=64)
2-苯基-1-丙醇(
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/b61ce671bb784d21970d918f9084ac1d.png?resizew=153)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/78fd6c4bf198405d8fb37a3f29643ef2.png?resizew=103)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051384090624/3246211805044736/STEM/bfec41a386694f8a93a0103ba03bba6e.png?resizew=104)
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2023高三·全国·专题练习
4 . 请以苯甲醛和乙醇为原料设计苯乙酸乙酯(
)的合成路线流程图___________ (须注明反应条件)。
提示:R—Br+NaCN―→R—CN+NaBr
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/8c4a19914d1e4dc0ac6628af469b8218.png?resizew=242)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/2287ba71cf5b493abda04a3d950ef0e9.png?resizew=227)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/aae4710fa8ab4358a04221a7a7fd3267.png?resizew=173)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/b784b027f24e4f82b1dcf8aa077b3543.png?resizew=142)
提示:R—Br+NaCN―→R—CN+NaBr
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/8c4a19914d1e4dc0ac6628af469b8218.png?resizew=242)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/2287ba71cf5b493abda04a3d950ef0e9.png?resizew=227)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/aae4710fa8ab4358a04221a7a7fd3267.png?resizew=173)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/5/26/3246051000647680/3246132601864192/STEM/d0341189d0a24b108da1871ab0114968.png?resizew=133)
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2024高三下·全国·专题练习
解题方法
5 . 某研究小组按下列路线合成药物利培酮。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/1980ea75-4ba2-4dd0-ac6c-f005967a859b.png?resizew=620)
已知:①RX+![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/eeca757f-2288-4139-84e6-840f776b3459.png?resizew=90)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67a72c029bb2e72966dc872c007bfe67.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/fbe18d6a-869c-4ed8-919e-b382e96351ed.png?resizew=94)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8186391aa51055c275084b7461a7a2c6.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/601c45f6-306a-449b-9c2f-d3c83cfcc761.png?resizew=116)
②![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543704920064/STEM/aee81b50d812456db90a209dc2ed0c14.png?resizew=290)
设计以CH3CN、
和NH3为原料合成
的路线(用流程图表示,其它无机试剂任选)_______ 。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/1980ea75-4ba2-4dd0-ac6c-f005967a859b.png?resizew=620)
已知:①RX+
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/eeca757f-2288-4139-84e6-840f776b3459.png?resizew=90)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67a72c029bb2e72966dc872c007bfe67.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/fbe18d6a-869c-4ed8-919e-b382e96351ed.png?resizew=94)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8186391aa51055c275084b7461a7a2c6.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2024/2/29/601c45f6-306a-449b-9c2f-d3c83cfcc761.png?resizew=116)
②
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543704920064/STEM/aee81b50d812456db90a209dc2ed0c14.png?resizew=290)
设计以CH3CN、
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543704920064/STEM/1c037fec7f7f4e2c9dfff83c20dffe2f.png?resizew=47)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543704920064/STEM/f206eca4dc5f425e89cd53ce2343143c.png?resizew=145)
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2024高三下·全国·专题练习
解题方法
6 . 局部麻醉药福莫卡因的一种合成路线如图:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543703740416/STEM/63eabd368100486fa3ab87d16f636d32.png?resizew=550)
结合图合成路线的相关信息。以苯甲醛和一两个碳的有机物为原料,设计路线合成![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543703740416/STEM/78eabcf084b64e57a616840af043ecd5.png?resizew=120)
_______ 。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543703740416/STEM/63eabd368100486fa3ab87d16f636d32.png?resizew=550)
结合图合成路线的相关信息。以苯甲醛和一两个碳的有机物为原料,设计路线合成
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2024/2/28/3442891018018816/3443543703740416/STEM/78eabcf084b64e57a616840af043ecd5.png?resizew=120)
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2023高三·全国·专题练习
解题方法
7 . 舍曲林(Sertraline)是一种选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂,用于治疗抑郁症,其合成路线之一如下:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/b7c3c8d4-8d1c-4402-889a-4f331bb882b5.jpg?resizew=460)
已知:
(ⅰ)手性碳原子是指连有四个不同原子或原子团的碳原子
(ⅱ)![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/ad4408a7-c7dc-4b6e-a348-8c4662f4de8b.jpg?resizew=395)
(ⅲ)![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/e6e55122-17de-4535-b725-09495d785c12.jpg?resizew=412)
W是一种姜黄素类似物,以香兰素(
)和环己烯(
)为原料,设计合成W的路线___________ (无机及两个碳以下的有机试剂任选)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/b7c3c8d4-8d1c-4402-889a-4f331bb882b5.jpg?resizew=460)
已知:
(ⅰ)手性碳原子是指连有四个不同原子或原子团的碳原子
(ⅱ)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/ad4408a7-c7dc-4b6e-a348-8c4662f4de8b.jpg?resizew=395)
(ⅲ)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/e6e55122-17de-4535-b725-09495d785c12.jpg?resizew=412)
W是一种姜黄素类似物,以香兰素(
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/a48b8cf2-d183-41d4-86ec-0643b07b1b7f.jpg?resizew=167)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/0b75b1b1-2024-4cce-bfea-7f73d3107972.png?resizew=54)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/a17cab4f-0027-4476-8e7c-e936a393be3e.jpg?resizew=281)
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2022高三·全国·专题练习
解题方法
8 . 化合物H(硝苯地平)是一种治疗高血压的药物,其一种合成如图:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/3d6424deea36478bab0e3df6710c3180.png?resizew=761)
已知:
+![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/cd37f5562fc544a1845ddb6513553350.png?resizew=111)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9121f5e1bafe635551d83cddb229af79.png)
+ROH
回答下列问题:
设计由HO(CH2)7OH和乙醇为起始原料制备
的合成路线____ (无机试剂、反应条件试剂任选)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/3d6424deea36478bab0e3df6710c3180.png?resizew=761)
已知:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/11f8fcfc15e94b07874c4fab35e0ff4e.png?resizew=85)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/cd37f5562fc544a1845ddb6513553350.png?resizew=111)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9121f5e1bafe635551d83cddb229af79.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/05f38e7abe1a48cd92293fbb2468c1bd.png?resizew=148)
回答下列问题:
设计由HO(CH2)7OH和乙醇为起始原料制备
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/10/5/3081014389620736/3081087697190912/STEM/3ddb2cd53d8847838ea17116367a7494.png?resizew=94)
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2023高三·全国·专题练习
解题方法
9 . 叶酸拮抗剂Alimta(M)是一种多靶向性抗癌药物。以苯和丁二酸酐为原料合成该化合物的路线如图:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/7d9e2f70-7f28-4b17-8f81-e931c3c69a30.png?resizew=484)
已知:①![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/54312614-a998-4cdd-bd23-24f277516c4f.png?resizew=298)
②![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/22448192-ce9f-4de6-9db6-86add2b119f1.png?resizew=167)
参照上述合成路线,以乙烯和
为原料,设计合成
的路线(其他试剂任选)。
___________
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/7d9e2f70-7f28-4b17-8f81-e931c3c69a30.png?resizew=484)
已知:①
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/54312614-a998-4cdd-bd23-24f277516c4f.png?resizew=298)
②
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/22448192-ce9f-4de6-9db6-86add2b119f1.png?resizew=167)
参照上述合成路线,以乙烯和
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/ac7b31ff-f2fd-4a53-9dcb-3941dbfff7ab.png?resizew=100)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/8/da0e43e7-bee4-4582-beac-67a3a7ee6001.png?resizew=95)
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22-23高二下·全国·课时练习
10 . 共轭二烯及其衍生物可以与含碳碳不饱和键的化合物进行加成。例如:![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/2/10/3171815266295808/3172525090471936/STEM/3a6792733b494005b3d23a6cc5cebe0c.png?resizew=183)
(1)写出化学方程式
+![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/12/85632660-d20b-4452-bbc0-338483af6291.png?resizew=61)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/797e5ced9940310acfbc2ea650f6d8cf.png)
_______
(2)则要制备
,含共轭结构的原料可以是_________ (写结构简式)
(3)设计以环己烯和丙烯为原料制备
的合成路线(无机试剂任选)_______ 。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/2/10/3171815266295808/3172525090471936/STEM/3a6792733b494005b3d23a6cc5cebe0c.png?resizew=183)
(1)写出化学方程式
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/12/66b13cf0-bc0c-4fc4-bcd1-9ec1dc1ad2b2.png?resizew=58)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/12/85632660-d20b-4452-bbc0-338483af6291.png?resizew=61)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/797e5ced9940310acfbc2ea650f6d8cf.png)
(2)则要制备
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/2/12/7c91fb4c-56ab-4058-8038-13147cde6fbe.png?resizew=121)
(3)设计以环己烯和丙烯为原料制备
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2023/2/10/3171815266295808/3172525090471936/STEM/d95f6b08f0fd49259c4b18227e7c631a.png?resizew=83)
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