2 . Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI(Artificial Intelligence), students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals to children in impoverished(贫困的) rural areas.

Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. It has swept over 1,017 universities across the country. The one-month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions(碳排放) by 3,337 tons.

“Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste,” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017. To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was officially put into operation on Oct 16, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year.

“There were so many unknowns in research and development. For our team members, the biggest challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it,” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini-program has more than 5 million registered users, according to Liu. “We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation by encouraging them to cherish(珍惜) their food and develop the habit of thrift(节约),” Liu added.

1. What can we know about the “Clear Your Plate” mini-program?

A．It aims to put an end to waste and encourage thrift.

B．Its 6 million users are mostly students.

C．It helped reduce food waste by 3,337 tons.

D．It is an exchange of food for rewards to help poor children.

2. What challenge did Liu and his team face?

A．They found it tough to promote the campaign.

B．They felt uncertain whether they could complete the project.

C．They lacked professional technical support.

D．They had difficulty gathering enough samples.

3. Which of the following best describes Liu Jichen?

A．Optimistic and demanding.	B．Generous and responsible.
C．Talented and humorous.	D．Creative and determined.

4. Where is the text probably from?

A．A guidebook.

B．A news report.

C．A book review.

D．A textbook.

3 . Jane Sun, CEO of Ctrip, Asia’s largest online travel company, connects people with the best places the world has to offer. She believes travel and cultural experiences can _______ divide and conflicts, strengthen industries and create peace.

Actually she herself is a _______ advertisement for how travel can _______ a life. But her journey was much longer and more _______ even than marathon.

While_______ Peking University, Sun was invited to a program in the University of Florida, where she finally managed to_______ her study. Compared to others, Sun’s life pace was_______. She bicycled 6 miles to the _______ each morning, taking the earliest classes so she could spend the rest of the day, working to make money. However, Sun _______ those days, “I learned a lot from my experience in the USA.”

“Many discussions I had still __________ my style today. In particular, I have __________ a habit of hearing people’s different __________over certain topics.” “In today’s world, you’d better have a good understanding of different people and __________different cultures. ”

Feeling it her duty to help others, Sun __________an organization to help students. Her advice for them is to give 100% effort to whatever you want to __________. Now as a mother of two daughters and CEO, she has__________ both for her children and Ctrip. “Some people ask me why I work so hard, because I feel mothers are the best ____________for children, ” Sun says. “To work is actually to __________ yourselves, but if you double your efforts at work and being a mother, it is doubly__________.”

As for her future efforts, Sun is preparing for the day when advanced technology and even space travel will change the travel industry. One thing that won’t change: the __________ of travel is to build bridges.

1.

A．bridge

B．widen

C．link

D．limit

2.

A．useful

B．living

C．misleading

D．similar

3.

A．build

B．change

C．start

D．control

4.

A．enjoyable

B．hopeful

C．difficult

D．annoying

5.

A．reaching

B．contacting

C．registering

D．attending

6.

A．further

B．master

C．research

D．review

7.

A．steady

B．gentle

C．fast

D．easy

8.

A．accommodation

B．company

C．gym

D．campus

9.

A．feared

B．enjoyed

C．forgot

D．celebrated

10.

A．influence

B．direct

C．satisfy

D．inspire

11.

A．created

B．admired

C．developed

D．broken

12.

A．impressions

B．conclusions

C．explanations

D．arguments

13.

A．gain

B．respect

C．produce

D．shape

14.

A．set up

B．set off

C．turned down

D．turned away

15.

A．abandon

B．achieve

C．find

D．improve

16.

A．preference

B．possibilities

C．responsibility

D．control

17.

A．role models

B．travel partners

C．play mates

D．family members

18.

A．defend

B．delight

C．challenge

D．please

19.

A．confusing

B．astonishing

C．struggling

D．rewarding

20.

A．freedom

B．power

C．focus

D．purpose

4 . Last summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers.

The cottages could be an example of the industry’s unusual love for “low technology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship (手艺) that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟的) —so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by band in the late eighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example. Other companies are using a broader interpretation (阐释) of low technology that focuses on nature.

Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting. ” At Google’s office, an entire is carpeted in glass. Facebook’s second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path.

Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “Our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished(贫乏的), because they’re surrounded by the digital world, ” he says. “We’ve found that introducing real crafts is one way to regain their individual identity. ”

This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life. ” Morris said.

Research has shown that natural environments can restore(恢复) our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.

These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office - even simple views of trees and flowers - felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially benefit the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.

1. The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that ________.

A．Twitter is having a hard time

B．Old cottages are in need of protection

C．Early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in Montana

D．Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology

2. Low technology is regarded as something that ________.

A．is related to nature	B．is out of date today
C．uses too much energy	D．exists in the virtual world

3. The writer’s attitude to “low technology” can best be described as ________.

A．confused

B．positive

C．worried

D．doubtful

4. What can be the best title for the passage?

A．Past Glories, Future Dreams

B．The Virtual World, the Real Challenge

C．High-tech Companies, Low-tech Offices

D．The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity

5 . A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was tom apart by self-criticism. “I can’t stop beating myself up,” she told me. “I’m at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening?”

Many students I teach, like this athlete, believe that all-nighters in the library and hours on the field should get them exactly where they need to go. When they fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are crushed by self-blame.

We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from discomfort. But there is something else at play among the most privileged in particular: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.

Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mind set” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance. But a recent analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit high-risk or economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.

The cruel, messy reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we should all question a culture that has taught them that feeling anything less than overwhelmed means they’re lazy, and that where they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are. It’s suggested that parents and teachers spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature.

The point is not to give our kids a pass on working hard. But we would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.

1. Which sort of students does the star athlete belong to?

A．Those lacking courage to make self-criticism.

B．Those tired of working all night in the library.

C．Those believing hard work surely pay off.

D．Those overprotected by their parents in life.

2. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A．Praising effort over ability will surely be beneficial to all kids.

B．The result of the “mindset” research doesn’t apply to all cases.

C．Parents should lay more emphasis on their kids’ academic performance.

D．Whether praising kids’ effort over ability does good to kids depends.

3. According to the author, how can parents help the kids overcome barriers in life?

A．By choosing where to go to college for them.

B．By pushing them to fight against the cruel reality.

C．By discouraging them from making efforts to study hard.

D．By encouraging them to stick to a worthy cause they truly love.

4. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Students should not expect too much from their study.

B．Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.

C．Students should bear all the failures on their own.

D．Students are sure to succeed if they try their best.

6 . Fifth grade teacher Langford is trying to make a mark on her students. Recently she wrote personalized_______messages across her students’ desks. The words were meant to give her students an increase of _______before their standardized tests.

“When the kids come, they need to_______ that even though they’re away from their families at home, there are people here who love and_________ them and hope the best for them. And   _______believe in them, ” Langford said.

Langford wrote _______on the kids’ desks in dry erase marker. She knew each individual student would   _______ special quotes and key words.

The teacher explained that the messages were _______ by the growth mindset idea. The concept is the _______that abilities can be developed through hard work and devotion, rather than just __________. The sweet notes seemed to have ________. Langford said that the students were happy to see their desks________.

She said,“I think it   ________their stress a bit. They were excited. Some of them wanted to keep them on their________ forever.”

________she wants her students to know that she will________them strongly. “I do believe they can do anything they want to do.”

Langford’s act not only________her students, but also other educators. “It’s really encouraging and it’s ________ to be appreciated, ” she said. “If I inspire even one ________to do the same, that’ll be so________ .”

1.

A．urgent

B．encouraging

C．secret

D．belief

2.

A．effort

B．appeal

C．knowledge

D．confidence

3.

A．know

B．guarantee

C．admit

D．clarify

4.

A．depend on

B．pick up

C．care for

D．deal with

5.

A．truly

B．rarely

C．blindly

D．honestly

6.

A．diaries

B．notes

C．stories

D．reports

7.

A．carve

B．reveal

C．appreciate

D．witness

8.

A．shared

B．blamed

C．tested

D．inspired

9.

A．belief

B．reality

C．possibility

D．suggestion

10.

A．commitment

B．talent

C．ambition

D．education

11.

A．spread

B．exposed

C．paid off

D．strengthened

12.

A．covered

B．changed

C．wiped

D．decorated

13.

A．eased

B．avoided

C．caused

D．boosted

14.

A．textbooks

B．blackboards

C．desks

D．brochures

15.

A．Immediately

B．Occasionally

C．Eventually

D．Constantly

16.

A．support

B．recommend

C．miss

D．approve

17.

A．comfort

B．persuade

C．assist

D．attract

18.

A．splendid

B．hard

C．complex

D．logical

19.

A．student

B．teacher

C．parent

D．worker

20.

A．adorable

B．amusing

C．amazing

D．worthwhile

7 . Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack. New research now shows some flora can feel a plant-eating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive（先发制人的）defense that even works against other pest species.

When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin-Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme（酶）, which is known to prevent plant-eating animals. “None of the plants were ever actually attacked,” Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”

Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning’s impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars（毛虫）, which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.

The finding that a snail’s approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study. “It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far-ranging effects, ” Karban says. The research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.

“That’s the million-dollar question,” Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.

1. John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to ________.

A．make them grow better

B．give them a warning

C．keep plant-eating animals away

D．inform plant-eating animals of danger

2. Why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A．To introduce another animal.

B．To confirm the result of the study.

C．To appeal to people to protect animals.

D．To analyze different resistance chemicals.

3. What does Richard Karban really want to know?

A．How tomato plants become aware of danger.

B．What the chemicals in the snail slime are.

C．Whether the research is of practical value.

D．What the finding of the research is.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Watchful Plants.	B．Greedy Animals.
C．A Snail’s Approach.	D．A Defense Attack.

9 . Physical education, or PE, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.

Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all. doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.

High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.

The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as computer games, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measure (措施) to encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.

Not doing sports increases teens’ hazard of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.

According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activities each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.

1. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?

A．Making teens attach importance to ęxercise later.

B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school.

C．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.

D．Helping teens learn to make good plans

2. What does the underlined word “hazard” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．Happiness.

B．Risk.

C．Safety.

D．Sadness.

3. According to the PCFSN, doing sport          .

A．means making students choose between sports and studies

B．helps students make good use of all their time

C．means students adjust to their studies better

D．helps students do better in their studies

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Why high school students should receive physical education.

B．Why some schools consider physical education important.

C．How schools can help students love doing sports.

D．How high school students can live a better life.

10 . When Deborah hiked cycling to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in New York last November, she _________ a female mute swan near the water’s edge. Deborah, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehab (康复) center, knew that mute swans can be aggressive. But as she _________ this one, it didn’t move.

She was certain that the bird needed _________ attention. Deborah covered her jacket over the bird’s head, _________ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then a thought _________ her: What should I do now?

Her best choice was the rehab center, _________ that was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to _________ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way? Luckily, some confused strangers driving by offered them a(n) _________ to a nearby subway station.

On the subway, no one seemed particularly disturbed by the _________ passenger. “One guy,” says Deborah, “was sitting right in front of me on his __________. I don’t know if he noticed the swan before him when talking with the person on the other end.”

Deborah called the rehab center on the way, and Tristan Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, __________ her up at the subway station and drove the bird, the bike, and the __________ to the center. There, staff members determined the swan might have lead (铅) poisoning, caused by __________ weights on fishing lines.

The staff got the swan back up on her webbed feet (蹼足). The swan even made a __________ at the center—another injured swan. __________, even with all that TLC (tender loving care), the swan had a bacterial infection. Two months __________ Deborah came to her rescue, she passed away early this January.

It’s a(n) __________ ending, but the real story is just __________ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city—literally. In all, Deborah traveled two hours by foot, __________, and subway (while hauling her bike). Higginbotham says, “That’s the perfect __________ of who she is.”

1.

A．spotted

B．founded

C．witnessed

D．observed

2.

A．attacked

B．stoned

C．hugged

D．approached

3.

A．emotional

B．psychological

C．medical

D．mental

4.

A．hurriedly

B．cautiously

C．curiously

D．instantly

5.

A．knocked

B．arrived

C．occurred

D．struck

6.

A．while

B．but

C．as

D．for

7.

A．transfer

B．transform

C．transmit

D．transport

8.

A．tour

B．trip

C．lift

D．elevator

9.

A．ordinary

B．feathered

C．poisoned

D．fierce

10.

A．phone

B．way

C．screen

D．seat

11.

A．picked

B．looked

C．put

D．called

12.

A．passenger

B．driver

C．swan

D．rescuer

13.

A．smelling

B．digesting

C．swallowing

D．absorbing

14.

A．pair

B．couple

C．boyfriend

D．girlfriend

15.

A．Sadly

B．Apparently

C．Accidentally

D．Fortunately

16.

A．until

B．since

C．before

D．after

17.

A．disappointing

B．disturbing

C．inspiring

D．bothering

18.

A．how long

B．how far

C．how often

D．how much

19.

A．bike

B．car

C．bus

D．tube

20.

A．assumption

B．conclusion

C．summary

D．combination