1 . Zhang Daqian was born in 1899 in Sichuan province. Brought up in an artistic family, Zhang was first taught to paint by his mother and older siblings. He went on to copy as many masterpieces as he could set his eyes on, and was especially influenced by the individualistic masters Shitao (石涛) and Bada Shanren (八大山人). In the early 1940s, Zhang spent two years studying the Buddhist mural paintings at Dunhuang, which proved to be a crucial experience in his artistic development.

In particular, Zhang’s works are noteworthy for the many painting styles that he mastered, from highly meticulous (注意细节的) and detailed portraits to bold and expressive splashed-ink landscapes (泼墨风景画). While he was highly innovative as he developed his own unique style, he always ensured that his art was firmly rooted in Chinese tradition. As is usually the case with ink artists, his later works, especially his vibrant splashed-ink landscapes, are the most sought after.

Zhang mastered the art of painting “from heart to hand” late in his life. In 1971, he selected this particular phrase to carve into a seal (印章). The phrase probably conveyed a twofold message. First, it was Zhang’s proud claim that he had developed a stylistic versatility (多才多艺) for depicting the endless variations of the natural world. He acquired this ability by imitating the works of previous masters, which led to a grand combination of historical styles in his art. He also enriched his personal experience with his extensive travel and enhanced his artistic vocabulary in order to capture the beauty of the world. Second, the phrase communicates Zhang’s belief that an artist should follow his heart to convey their “spirit resonance (气韵生动),” a historical principle in judging the beauty of Chinese painting. Before applying his brush to paper, Zhang had already conceived (构思) the forms he wanted to depict and the inspiration he wished to convey through the painting. He would be fully aware of the most effective means by which to inspire awe and wonder in his audience.

Blessed with a long life—he was 83 when he died in 1983—and filled with an enormous amount of passion and energy for life, the artist produced a huge number of paintings over his lifetime. He is estimated to have completed an average of about 500 per year.

In 2011, Zhang became not only the most popular Chinese artist at auction but the best-selling artist in the world as well, surpassing Pablo Picasso. And demand for his works has remained high since then.

1. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A．The characteristics of Zhang Daqian’s art.

B．The most sought-after works by Zhang Daqian.

C．Where Zhang Daqian got inspiration for his paintings.

D．The reason why Zhang Daqian’s artworks are so popular.

2. Based on information from Paragraph 3, what does the phrase “from heart to hand” refer to?
①How Zhang Daqian became aware of the most effective means to inspire his audience.
②How Zhang Daqian was able to put what he wanted on the canvas without thinking about it.
③How Zhang Daqian learned to freely convey the principle of “spirit resonance” through his approach to painting.
④How Zhang Daqian was able to depict the endless variations of the natural world using a combination of different styles.

A．①②

B．①③

C．②③

D．③④

3. According to the article, Zhang Daqian’s artistic style was mainly influenced by ____________.
①the beauty of the natural world
②the Buddhist mural paintings at Dunhuang
③masters in the likes of Shitao and Bada Shanren
④the rich nature of his travels and personal experiences

A．①②③

B．①②④

C．②③④

D．①②③④

2 . Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.

Technology in agriculture

A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.

Robots fighting Covid-19

Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.

Inventions of the youth

Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.

1. Where is the text probably taken from?

A．A travel brochure.

B．A technology textbook.

C．A science magazine.

D．A product advertisement.

2. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?

A．To save building materials.

B．To prevent cars from being stolen.

C．To increase ground parking spaces.

D．To make the most of limited space.

3. What can we infer from the text?

A．Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower.

B．The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation.

C．All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use.

D．Human can be replaced by the robot in the future.

3 . “The arrow shot is so straight that it hits the bull’s eye, the young people will have good luck…” Dargye sang as he worked on his handmade bag.

Dargye, 56, an artist who excels at traditional craftsmanship and Tibetan folk music in Drinba village in Dragyib district, Nyingchi, Tibet autonomous region, remembers many folk songs he learned from his father and uncle. Now, it’s his turn to pass them on.

“I have liked traditional songs and dances since I was a child,” said Dargye, who has four apprentices (学徒).“The songs tell the histories of our ancestors and carry our unique culture, and-it’s always a lot of fun to perform these traditional songs and dances at various gatherings.” The song topics vary from archery, love, to labor and praise for the land. In addition to teaching these songs to/his family members and apprentices, he also uses social media platforms such as WeChat to teach songs.

His daughter, Chok Butri, also admires the folk culture. After posting a video of her daughter, Tsering Kyi, dancing on Douyin, she gained a lot of new fans on the popular short-video platform. “We are modern people living in a modern era, so it’s important and our responsibility that we use modern tools to pass on our traditional culture to make it last forever.” said Chok Butri, adding that she often posts songs and dances on WeChat and Douyin.

Dargye and his fellow villagers also recreate songs, adding modern elements such as aircraft and trains to the lyrics. Besides singing and dancing, Dargye makes handicrafts decorated with Tibetan cultural elements, including various hide and hair ropes, bags made of leather and cloth, and knife sheaths.

The local government encourages villagers to inherit (继承) and develop folk songs and other forms of traditional culture. Dargye’s efforts to preserve folk culture have been acknowledged by the government. In 2014, he was chosen as a county-level intangible (无形的) cultural inheritor and receives funds every year.

1. Why does Dargye want to pass the culture on?

A．He wants to satisfy his interest.	B．He wants to learn from the seniors.
C．He wants to bring people fun.	D．He wants to inherit and develop it.

2. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Dargye’s daughter?

A．To show folk music’s effect on her.	B．To stress Dargye’s influence on her.
C．To emphasize her love for folk culture.	D．To reveal the popularity of folk culture online.

3. Which of the following best describes Dargye?

A．Ambitious and honest.	B．Talented and curious.
C．Devoted and creative.	D．Generous and determined.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．All efforts to preserve culture pay off

B．Craftsman carries tunes to preserve culture

C．An artist prefers traditional songs and dances

D．Tibetan culture is being protected and passed on

4 . While Issey Miyake’s black turtlenecks are well known because of their connection with former Apple CEO Steve Jobs, the influence that the famous Japanese designer had on Apple could have been even larger, with Jobs first wanting Miyake to create a uniform for all Apple employees.

Miyake died from liver cancer at age 84 on Aug. 5. As the news of his death has spread, many are revisiting the designer’s work, including his connection to Jobs.

In his biography (传记) of Jobs, author Walter Isaacson details how the great man found himself in the company of Miyake as Jobs was attracted to the Japanese style. Isaacson details how the idea for an Apple uniform came from a trip to Japan in the 1980s when Jobs visited Sony and saw that all workers in the factories were wearing matching uniforms. Jobs asked Akio Morita, then the chairman of Sony, about it.

“He looked very ashamed and told me that after the war, no one had any clothes, and companies like Sony had to give their workers something to wear each day.” Jobs said.

Miyake had worked with Sony to create a brownish-grey nylon jacket that easily turned into a vest (背心) courtesy of removable sleeves. Isaacson wrote that the uniforms became part of Sony’s “signature (签名) style” and it became a way of connecting workers to the company. “I decided that I wanted that type of connection for Apple.” Jobs said, “So I called Issey and asked him to design a vest for Apple. I came back with some samples and told everyone it would be great if we would all wear these vests. Oh man, I get booed off the stage. Everybody hated the idea.”

An Apple uniform from Miyake wasn’t meant to be, but it opened the door to a friendship between Miyake and Jobs and finally a uniform for Jobs himself that included Miyake’s black turtlenecks and Levi’s 501 classic fit jeans.

1. What makes Miyake known to the public?

A．His designing work.	B．His connection to Jobs.
C．His influence on Apple.	D．His interest in a uniform.

2. Which of the following is included in Isaacson’s biography?

A．When Miyake died from liver cancer.

B．Why Jobs favored the Japanese style.

C．How the idea of an Apple uniform came.

D．What Jobs saw in Japan’s Apple Company.

3. What leads to Jobs’s idea of Apple uniform?

A．A vest turned into a jacket.

B．A detail of visiting a Japanese company.

C．A way of wearing these vests.

D．A signature from a Japanese company.

4. What does the author think of Miyake’s Apple uniform?

A．It makes Miyake and Jobs become friends.

B．It should be designed for Jobs.

C．It proves the friendship between people.

D．It connects Apple with Sony.

5 . For centuries, two of the most interesting questions about Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” were “Who?” and “When?” A discovery made at Heidelberg University in 2005 answered both. A note confirmed the account of da Vinci’s first biographer, Giorgio Vasari: that the sitter was a merchant’s wife, Lisa Gherardini. The note also helped date the masterpicce to between 1503 and 1506.

A third conundrum— “Where?”— is still in dispute. But on June 3rd a French engineer, Pascal Cotte, declared that he and a collaborator had identified the landscape in the background of the painting. During a presentation, Mr Cotte contended that the artist was more plausibly depicting a part of his native Tuscany. Da Vinci represented the area not as it was, but as, in an unrealized scheme, he intended it to be.

Mr Cotte, who was asked by the Louvre to create a digital image of the painting, is the inventor of the multispectral camera: a device that can detect not only the drawing below the surface of an oil painting but also intermediate layers of work. It was among these, under what appears to be a pointed rock, that he found a preparatory sketch (草图) showing that da Vinci intended it to represent a castellated tower.

The landscape of the “Mona Lisa” also includes a huge overhanging precipice (悬崖). That is similar to one that da Vinci included in a sketch of a fortress contested (争夺) by Pisa and Florence in a war. The fortress with the nearby precipice—and a tower—all overlook the river Arno as it snakes from Florence to Pisa. All three also feature in drawings made by da Vinci to illustrate a plan about which, says Mr Cotte, he became “obsessive”.

This involved diverting (改道) the Arno to cut off Pisa’s water supply and give Florence an outlet to the Mediterranean. In the early 1500s, with the two city-states at war, the idea was under active consideration. Mr Cotte argues that a channel at the right of the “Mona Lisa” is too wide to be a road, and is instead the dried-up bed of the Amo as da Vinci imagined it once his plan had been adopted.

It never was. But if Mr Cotte’s theory is right, it might just explain why Gherardini, a Florentine, wears such a contented, if inscrutable, smile.

1. What was painted in the “Mona Lisa” according to Mr Cotte?

A．A part of da Vinci’s hometown as it was.

B．An overhanging precipice and a fortress.

C．A pointed rock and a castellated tower.

D．The dried-up bed of a river.

2. Who does “he” refer to in paragraph 4?

A．Pascal Cotte	B．Leonardo da Vinci
C．Giorgio Vasari	D．Lisa Gherardini

3. Why did Mona Lisa smile based on Cotte’s theory?

A．Because da Vinci’s idea was taken seriously.

B．Because da Vinci’s plan was adopted.

C．Because Pisa’s water supply was cut off.

D．Because Florence had a good chance to win the war.

4. What’s the best title of the text?

A．Where did Mona Lisa smile?

B．When was the “Mona Lisa” painted?

C．Who was the sitter of the “Mona Lisa”?

D．Why did Mona Lisa put on a smile?

6 . Artificial intelligence (AI) has amazing potential to change the world, and we’ve only just begun to scratch the surface. As AI matures and people move further away from distinct programming and monitoring of systems, unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisions continue for a long time that cause _______ harm for individuals and society. This bias might _______ input data or even the algorithms (算法) themselves.

All too often, data sets are incomplete and the sample represented in the data set does not _______ the population that the AI model is making predictions about — this is known as coverage bias. Some other types of bias related to input data include sampling bias, where data is not collected randomly from the target group, and participation bias, where users from certain groups _______ surveys at different rates than users from other groups. Still, another more challenging bias to identify is confirmation bias that occurs when a decision maker or analyst has a strong _______ belief or experience that affects their ability to consider alternatives. This could lead one to more strongly _______ data that confirms a preexisting belief.

Bias resulting from AI algorithms themselves, or algorithmic bias, is equally _______. One example of algorithmic bias is implicit bias or unconscious bias, where data scientists _______ make associations or assumptions based on their mental models and memories that affect data modeling decisions. Implicit bias can _______ how data is collected and classified, or how systems are designed and developed. As machines learn, their conclusions and decisions affect people. Ethical (道德的) AI must understand these impacts and create governance and testing methods to ________ mistakes and inaccuracies.

To create ethical AI, companies need to put the ________ of the individual at the center of data innovation. This means thinking about ________ rights as human rights and developing a comprehensive approach to data, including how we use AI.

Having ________ data practices for AI means having good AI governance. This governance not only focuses on data and analytics but also understands the impacts of any given analysis and makes sure it’s ________ and accurate. Good AI governance includes data responsibility as well as a commitment to transparency (透明性).

None of this will be easy, but true innovation never is. By coming together and working on the problem of bias now, before it becomes a(n) ________ force, businesses can help bring out the best AI has to offer the world.

1.

A．theoretical

B．psychological

C．disproportionate

D．unintended

2.

A．arise from

B．contribute to

C．take over

D．make up

3.

A．inspire

B．match

C．protect

D．restrict

4.

A．quit

B．administer

C．compare

D．analyze

5.

A．distinct

B．predictable

C．original

D．widespread

6.

A．restore

B．imply

C．miss

D．favor

7.

A．embarrassing

B．dangerous

C．relevant

D．ridiculous

8.

A．intentionally

B．temporarily

C．automatically

D．appropriately

9.

A．influence

B．help

C．attract

D．predict

10.

A．admit

B．define

C．address

D．publicize

11.

A．belongings

B．expressions

C．characteristics

D．needs

12.

A．civil

B．digital

C．legal

D．natural

13.

A．frequent

B．responsible

C．peculiar

D．graceful

14.

A．fair

B．quick

C．appealing

D．adequate

15.

A．leading

B．innovative

C．cultural

D．destructive

7 . Tricky Pictures

With bold, swirling brushstrokes and vivid colors, Vincent van Gogh’s stirring Starry Night brings to life a unique sky. It’s one of the most famous paintings in the world. And ________ the scenic canvas(画布) can make museum visitors feel starstruck.

But seeing the masterpiece ________ on a gallery wall isn’t the only way that art fans can experience its emotional impact. In fact, some exhibits give people a chance to be ________ by van Gogh’s celebrated scene. They find themselves surrounded by colors that dance before their eyes and ripple at their feet. These exhibitions, in which moving images are ________ projected onto walls, columns, floors, and sometimes onto viewers themselves, are examples of immersive art.

Immersive art doesn’t rest on a pedestal(基座) or hang on a wall next to a plaque(匾) printed with facts. And don’t expect it to fit in a frame or ________ familiar expectations. While immersive art can be hard to characterize, it is generally a multisensory, ________ experience that engages viewers and makes them feel like part of the artwork. One thing is certain—immersive art is ________ popular, selling out tickets in cities around the world.

Van Gogh sold just one painting during his lifetime and only gained ________ after his death, but now he is immersive art’s biggest superstar. The 19th-century painter’s work has been ________ in a lot of exhibitions featuring immense images furnished with animation and accompanied by music, voices, and background sound.

Another interactive hot spot with a DIY vibe is The House of Eternal Return in Santa Fe,

New Mexico. The venue is ________ to over 70 rooms of surreal art. It’s run by the artistic cooperative Meow Wolf, which describes the project as a “multidimensional mystery house with secret passages and ________ to magical worlds.” ________, what looks like a perfectly normal refrigerator door is the gateway to a hidden tunnel…and an unusual artistic adventure.

The growing ________ of immersive art is partly powered by social media. As visitors post selfies filled with van Gogh’s intense palette or videos of friends stepping into a fantastical fridge, these experiences draw bigger and bigger crowds. Meanwhile, traditional museums are following the trend, ________ immersive techniques and technologies in their galleries. That’s because many curators and creators share a common goal—to help more people ________ art!

1.

A．listening to

B．gazing at

C．scanning through

D．hearing about

2.

A．projected

B．reflected

C．framed

D．rested

3.

A．enveloped

B．marveled

C．absorbed

D．pursued

4.

A．electrically

B．digitally

C．practically

D．completely

5.

A．stand out

B．figure out

C．stick to

D．distinguish with

6.

A．energetic

B．prosperous

C．harmonious

D．interactive

7.

A．unusually

B．suspiciously

C．partially

D．undoubtedly

8.

A．recognition

B．wonder

C．wealth

D．definition

9.

A．spread

B．displayed

C．bought

D．advocated

10.

A．home

B．branch

C．location

D．trend

11.

A．limits

B．solutions

C．links

D．talents

12.

A．In fact

B．Therefore

C．Furthermore

D．For instance

13.

A．awareness

B．popularity

C．prejudice

D．population

14.

A．employing

B．recognizing

C．occupying

D．contributing

15.

A．expert in

B．set aside

C．reflect on

D．get into

8 . Branson was born in London in 1950. He dropped out of school at the age of 16 and started a magazine called Student, but the magazine never made money.

Then Branson began _________ his next idea: selling mail order albums at discounted price. It rapidly became a more _________ business than the magazine itself. Virgin was then _________. It was named “Virgin” because none of the _________ had been in business before.

In 1973, Mike Oldfield, the first Virgin artist _________ an album called Tubular Bells that became an international success. Since then, many household names, _________ Phil Collins and the Rolling Stones, have helped to make Virgin Music one of the top record companies in the world.

Over the next six years, Branson started over fifty different companies encompassing (涵括) everything from filmmaking to air conditioner cleaning. Though he was making a really huge fortune, Branson _________ that money is not the motivation behind his _________ in so many businesses. Rather, he enjoys _________ to do something more effectively than those who have tried before him.

In 1984, Branson started Virgin Atlantic Airlines. Branson __________ discouraging comments that told him he could never __________ with British Airways and carried on with his vision. Surprisingly, Virgin was immediately __________ for its service and luxury (奢华).

Branson has had the name of Virgin __________ to more than 200 different companies. He is known for unusual business practices (no central headquarters, no board meeting, and he can’t even __________ a computer), his showy publicity stunts (惊人的行为)   (like driving a tank into Times Square), and his adventurous exploits (he was the first person to cross the Atlantic in a hot air balloon).

Branson keeps __________ of the future. In discussing the prospect of starting a shuttle service into space, Branson has said, “Why not? It’s virgin territory. ”

1.

A．finishing

B．abandoning

C．discussing

D．marketing

2.

A．expensive

B．complicated

C．profitable

D．beneficial

3.

A．produced

B．built

C．founded

D．set out

4.

A．staff

B．employers

C．albums

D．workers

5.

A．managed

B．collected

C．released

D．freed

6.

A．with

B．including

C．specially

D．despite

7.

A．points

B．demands

C．warns

D．emphasizes

8.

A．involvement

B．expectation

C．investigation

D．absorption

9.

A．failing

B．intending

C．experimenting

D．attempting

10.

A．ignored

B．admitted

C．invited

D．criticized

11.

A．conquer

B．compete

C．win

D．defeat

12.

A．purchased

B．recognized

C．complimented

D．forgotten

13.

A．fixed

B．removed

C．accessed

D．painted

14.

A．understand

B．operate

C．assemble

D．cooperate

15.

A．dreaming

B．complaining

C．planning

D．boasting