1 . The Young Scholars Program

The University of Maryland’s Young Scholars Program is a perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to earn college credits, pursue academic interests or discover college life at the University of Maryland. The program is challenging and rewarding. Students have the opportunity to show that they can be successful in a university environment.

The Activities

During three weeks of exploration, teens preview the university experience, study with students who share similar interests and communicate with the best teachers of the University of Maryland in a dynamic and challenging classroom environment. Students can have trips to nearby Washington, DC and enjoy movie nights and activities at the student union. Workshops and seminars featuring speakers in academic fields further enrich the learning experience.

The Courses

The Young Scholars Program offers college courses that are at the cutting edge of theory, thought and technology. Classes generally meet every day from Monday to Friday. The program is a great introduction to the University of Maryland. Participants can benefit from the University of Maryland’s vast resources, including libraries, computers and instructional labs.

The Rewards

Upon program completion, teens will go home with better preparations for the college experience-both academically and socially. In addition, students earn three college credits that post to the University of Maryland transcript (成绩单).

The Application

The application process includes submission (提交) of the application, high school transcript and a letter of recommendation.

Ages: 14 — 18

Mailing address: The University of Maryland College Park

For more information, call 3014057762.

1. Which is NOT true about the program according to Paragraph 1?

A．It is intended for college students.	B．It can offer college credits for teens.
C．It’s worth participating.	D．It can let teens experience college life in advance.

2. What can teens do during three weeks of the program?

A．They can learn from the best students of the University of Maryland

B．They can join the student union of the University of Maryland.

C．They can attend a meeting for academic discussion.

D．They can attend classes every day.

3. What do you need to do if you want to apply for the program?

A．preview the university environment ahead of time.

B．take a part time job in the university’s library.

C．submit high school transcript.

D．call 3014057762 to contact the university first.

2 . In January, 2021, the ice-making work on the ”Ice Ribbon“, a landmark venue for the Beijing Winter Olympics, was completed.

In the Winter Olympics, where races can be won or lost by a small time gap, tiny imperfections in the ice can make all the differences. ”It’s not just a hunk of ice like you’d normally think of, like ice cubes sitting in your freezer,“ told Kenneth Golden, a U. S. mathematician who studies the structures of ice. ”It’s a much more fascinating and complex substance than people would normally think.“

The first step for building any ice rink is to purify the water to remove dissolved solids like salts and minerals. Such impurities don’t fit in the regular hexagonal(六边形的)structure of ice that forms as water freezes. The purer the water, the more consistent the ice surface.

In addition to the need for excellence in the raw materials of ice-making, technology is also very important, As one of the most advanced technologies for winter sports venues, a carbon dioxide cooling technology has been applied on a large scale for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. CO₂ , is not new when it comes to ice-making. However, it has been gradually replaced by the man-made refrigerant, like Freon.

With increasing attention toward climate change, the old refrigerant has come into use again. As an element of the atmosphere, CO₂, doesn’t damage the ozone layer. Although CO₂ is a greenhouse gas, its greenhouse effect is much lower than that of other synthetic refrigerants. The Winter Olympics venues adopted CO₂ instead of Freon as a refrigerant in ice-making, which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions greatly.

”We believe these technological innovations will bring Beijing 2022 to spectators all over the world in a more impressive way.“ told Gao Bo from the Media Operations Department of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.

1. What is the result of impurities in water for ice-making?

A．The water isn’t able to freeze completely.

B．The quality of the ice will be affected.

C．The ice surface will be more consistent.

D．It’s likely for athletes to fall on the ice.

2. Why has CO₂ cooling technology been applied for the Winter Olympic Games?

A．It’s the most advanced technology for ice-making.

B．CO2 is more efficient than other refrigerants.

C．CO2 is more environmentally friendly than Freon.

D．CO2 has already existed in the atmosphere.

3. What is Gao Bo’s attitude to CO₂ being applied to ice-making?

A．Unclear.

B．Opposed.

C．Doubtful.

D．Favorable.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．The Beijing Winter Olympic Games Are Coming

B．Beneath Olympic Ice

C．The Use of Refrigerants in Olympic Games

D．The Structure of Ice

3 . At 81 years old, Jeanne Daprano is still pushing her body to the limit. She’s still running competitive races, breaking world records and taking on new challenges.“The thing I’m learning about aging is that it’s inevitable,” Daprano said.“I’m not going to escape it. There are two ways to go:You can either press on or give up.”

Daprano grew up in Iowa. Then, she moved to California. As a primary school teacher, she began running in order to keep up with her student.“I was known as a running teacher,” she said.“I had my students do fitness before we studied in the morning and then throughout the day.”Then she began running competitively with 5K and 10K road races before moving to the track. She is now the world record holder in the women’s 75-year-old age group 400 meters and 800 meters. “When I get to the final fi nish line, I want this body to be worn out. I’m not doing this to live to be 100. I’m doing this to be the best I can be today.”

After moving to Atlanta about a decade ago, Daprano met fitness trainer David Buer. Ever since, she’s been coming to his gym, where he tailors workouts for Daprano’s specifc needs.“When she came to me, she was pushing 70 years old,”Buer said.“I’ve worked with other individuals of Jeanne’s age, but she came to me with different goals. She had a unique drive and passion—not just a passion for fitness or athletics but for life in general.”

Last February, Daprano took on a new challenge: her first indoor rowing competition. In classic fashion, she broke the world record in the 80-to-84 age group, rowing 2,000 meters in 9:23:7. For those hoping to either start getting in shape or stay in shape for a long time, she offers this advice: Listen to your body. What are you passionate about? How are you going to keep physically fit and mentally fit? Start where you are. Don’t look ahead or compare yourself to somebody else.

1. What does the underlined word“inevitable” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Invisible.

B．Abnormal.

C．Impossible.

D．Unavoidable.

2. Daprano started her life as a runner when ________.

A．working at a primary school	B．taking fitness training classes
C．volunteering in a 5K road race	D．moving to Atlanta

3. What might be Buer’s first impression of Daprano?

A．She was a qualified teacher.	B．She was an unusual woman.
C．She was too old to run a race.	D．She was hard to get along with.

4. What does Daprano suggest we do?

A．Run right now.	B．Live and learn.
C．Follow your heart.	D．Be a good listener.

5 . When Amanda Lemay heard the story about a baker and his wife who were traveling around the United States in a van, learning from expert bakers, she wanted to do something similar. So she got rid of most of her possessions and made an old ambulance with her dad into a lovely home on wheels.

Lemay’s ambulance is actually a former emergency response vehicle for the US Navy, built on a 2006 Ford E350 Cutaway. Renovations were done by her and her dad. Now the dark blue vehicle has a lot of built-in cabinets on all sides, offering a lot of storage space, while the rooftop has 400-watts of solar power panels and a small roof deck where Lemay practices yoga. The inside is tastefully done to suit Lemay’s work and hobbies.

As Lemay mentions, not only did her father help, but so did the rest of her family. Lemay’s mother helped sew the decorations on the removable cushions, and her sister crafted the leather pulls. It was truly a family affair.

Her current nomadic lifestyle fits well with her work doing audiobooks, voiceovers, and publishing work. In the end, this unexpected path has Lemay rethinking what it means to be truly sustainable, now that van life has gotten her to become minutely aware of the water, electricity, and other daily resources that she uses. But all these day-to-day concerns are balanced with a greater sense of freedom.

“It’s almost mind-blowing, it feels like a completely different life because I’m doing the work online, and I can do things on my own schedule. Pretty much most of my days are mine — so by living in the van, I can be where I want to be, and do the things I want to do, and spend time outside.”

1. Why is the story of a baker and his wife mentioned in paragraph 1?

A．It shows a creative way of learning.	B．It was spoken highly by expert bakers.
C．It’s an example of strong determination.	D．It’s where Amanda Lemay got her inspiration.

2. Why was the renovation a family affair?

A．All family members contributed to it.	B．Its cost was shared by family members.
C．It was made to suit the life of the family.	D．The whole family gathered to celebrate it.

3. What has Lemay learned from her nomadic lifestyle?

A．To value every minute of her life.	B．To make the best of what she has.
C．To keep a balance between work and life.	D．To be aware of the real meaning of family.

4. What does Lemay like about living in a van?

A．Reflecting on life.	B．Forgetting all about work.
C．Working on her own schedule.	D．Being free from day-to-day concerns.

6 . King Tut, Egypt’s famous boy king, was buried with many valuable objects. A dagger (匕首)discovered in his tomb has recently attracted extra attention. Researchers have concluded that the dagger was probably made from a special material.

King Tut was only about nine years old when he became ruler of Egypt more than 3, 300 years ago. The young king died when he was just 19, His body was buried in a tomb filled with objects that people believed he would need in the afterlife.

In 1922, Howard Carter discovered Tut’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. Up to now, it was the best preserved ancient Egyptian tomb ever found. In 1925, Carter found the dagger which has a gold handle and an iron blade (刀片).The blade had confused experts because iron was hardly used at that time in ancient Egypt. In fact, it was so rare that it was considered more valuable than gold. Where did the iron for the blade come from?

Around the time of King Tut, ancient Egyptians started using a new word for iron that translates as “iron from the sky”. This led some experts to believe that the iron for the blade came from a meteorite (陨石).But studies of the dagger carried out in the 1970s and 1990s didn’t support that idea.

That’s where modern technology comes in. Researchers used a new technique to examine the blade. They discovered that it was made up of iron and other materials found in meteorites. After comparing it to several meteorites, they even found its possible match — a meteorite that landed in northern Egypt thousands of years ago.

Scientists hope the new study will lead to more discoveries about other ancient Egyptian relics, “It would be very interesting to analyze more Pre-iron Age objects and we could gain precious discoveries.” Daniela Comelli, who is a professor, said.

1. What do we know about Tut’s tomb?

A．It was perfectly kept when discovered.	B．It was built when he was 9.
C．It has a lot of iron objects in it.	D．It was the first tomb to be found.

2. Scientists paid extra attention to the dagger because________.

A．it is King Tut’s favorite object	B．its blade is made of iron
C．it was more valuable than gold	D．it leads to more discoveries

3. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to?

A．The iron.

B．The material.

C．A meteorite.

D．The blade.

4. The researchers used modern technology to show_______.

A．more valuable objects are hidden in the tombs

B．iron is widely used in ancient Egypt

C．Tut’s dagger was likely made from a meteorite

D．ancient Egyptian objects are excellent

7 . A new APP uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to tell you what your pet is thinking. It’s called Happy Pets and it analyses an animal’s facial features, tells you what breed(血统) it is and indicates which of the five most common animal emotions—happy, angry, neutral, sad and scared.

The Happy Pets app uses AI, or machine learning. It’s a technology that’s used for vision in robotics and self-driving cars and it works by taking in images and assigning importance to them. One common use for AI is in facial recognition technology. Many of us can unlock our mobile phones with an image of our face and it’s important part of security processes in, for instance, airports.

But this is the first time this kind of technology has been used for animals. It then had to learn to recognize facial features. This is sophisticated because photos can be taken in so many different ways: from the side, above, below, in bright light. And different animals can have such different facial features. Think about how different the noses of a border collie(边境牧羊犬) and bulldog are, for instance. Once the AI behind Happy Pets had learned all this, it then had to be able to detect emotions based on specific facial features that are associated with each emotion, which it has learned from thousands of examples. For instance, if a dog tightens its eyes and mouth while changing the position of its ears in a particular way, it’s a sign of being scared.

In an online article for Melbourne University’s Pursuit, the researchers write they’re happy with how the app performs. The researchers would love feedback about how they could develop the app further.

1. Which of the following may go beyond Happy Pets’ function?

A．Learning the kinds of pets.

B．Showing pets’ main feelings.

C．Teaching pets’ facial recognition.

D．Analyzing the pets’ facial features.

2. What is the facial recognition technology commonly used as now?

A．The robot’s eye.	B．A security system.
C．The vision of self driving.	D．A machine learning system.

3. What does the underlying word “sophisticated” in Paragraph 3 meaning?

A．Typical.

B．Complex.

C．Scientific.

D．Traditional.

4. Why does Happy Pets have to learn to recognize faces?

A．Because faces can definitely show animals feelings.

B．Because it wants to have emotions of humans.

C．Because it enables Happy Pets to detect emotions based on specific facial features.

D．Because the types of animals are based on the looks.

8 . If you want to take good care of your eyes and vision (视力), I encourage you to adopt the habit of blinking (眨眼) softly as often as possible. Frequent and gentle blinking is important to keep healthy eyes and good vision because it helps to keep your eyes coated with three beneficial layers (层) of tears.

The first layer of tears lies right up against the whites of your eyes, and provides an even coat of protein-rich moisture (水分) for the second layer to stick to. The middle watery layer helps to wash away foreign dust. It also provides your eyes with minerals, a variety of proteins, and moisture (水汽). The third outer layer of tears is somewhat oily. It serves to prevent the middle watery layer from drying quickly, and smooths your eyes.

If your eyes are not regularly coated with the three layers of tears described above, they will be short of moisture and cleaning, and they will be unnecessarily tired.

One of the reasons why many of us don’t blink as often as we should is that we don’t see frequent blinking in mainstream media. Actors and new presenters are typically trained to blink as infrequently as possible, so when we take in most forms of media, our minds learn that it isn’t normal to blink frequently.

To fully support your eyes and vision, it’s best to blink softly every two to four seconds, which means about fifteen to thirty blinks per minute. By making an effort to softly blink at this rate, over time, your body will turn your efforts into a habit. If you’re thinking that such frequent blinking will make reading a book or viewing a movie uncomfortable, give it a try and you’ll see right away that it doesn’t take away from these experiences at all.

1. What does the author suggest in the text?

A．Closing and opening our eyes frequently and gently.

B．Taking good care of our eyes by doing eye exercises.

C．Maintaining healthy eyes to prevent nearsightedness.

D．Crying as often as possible to gain three layers of tears.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The classification of tears.

B．The causes of three layers of tear.

C．The importance of the first layer of tears.

D．The main functions of three layers of tears.

3. How does the author think of blinking frequently when reading?

A．Annoying.	B．Disagreeable.
C．Harmless.	D．Incredible.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Keep Eyes Coated with as Many Layers of Tears as Possible.

B．Try Frequent Blinking for Healthier Eyes and Better Vision.

C．Actors and News Presenters Set Us a Bad Example in Lifestyle.

D．Blinking Lowers the Experiences When Reading or Seeing a Film.

9 . Attractions for Kids with Dinosaur Fever

While there are plenty of movies and books that can teach your little one all about dinosaurs, the following children’s attractions will allow them to come face-to-face with their favorite dinosaurs and learn in an interactive, fun environment.

1. Dinosaurs Alive at Cedar Point

Sandusky, OH

See the “age of dinosaurs” come to life with interactive exhibits based on real fossil evidence. At the Dinosaurs Alive section of Cedar Point park, visitors can walk among more than 50 life-sized dinosaurs which move and roar. See these gigantic lizards (蜥蜴) up close and learn more about the most fearsome period of the earth’s history.

2. The Chicago Children’s Museum

Chicago, IL

The Chicago Children’s Museum is filled with plenty of activities for kids of all ages, but one of the coolest has to be the Dinosaur Exhibition. At this exhibit, children can spend time digging for dinosaur bones at an excavation (挖掘) site, looking at dinosaur fossils, and learning what life is like for real archaeologists (考古学家).

3. Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Pittsburgh, PA

In addition to plenty of exhibits about wildlife, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History has one of the finest dinosaur fossil collections in the world. Visitors can see experts work with real dinosaur fossils in the PaleoLab. Make sure to snap a photo in front of Dippy, the scarf-loving dinosaur guarding the front of the museum!

4. The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis

Indianapolis, IN

From the dinosaurs exploding out of the side of the building to the fossils within, the Children’s Museum of Indianapolis is filled with fun things to do. Kids can touch a real T-rex bone and see reconstructed dinosaur skeletons up close.

1. Who are the attractions mainly intended for?

A．Children.

B．Parents.

C．Archaeologists.

D．Volunteers.

2. In which museum can visitors dig for dinosaur bones?

A．Dinosaurs Alive at Cedar Point.	B．The Chicago Children’s Museum.
C．Carnegie Museum of Natural History.	D．The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis.

3. What are visitors advised to do in Pittsburgh, PA?

A．Touch a real T- rex bone.	B．Take a photo in front of Dippy.
C．See reconstructed dinosaur skeletons.	D．See experts work with fake dinosaur fossils.

10 . When you praise a dog, it’s listening to not just the words you say but also how you say them. That might not be huge news to dog owners. But now researchers have explored this phenomenon by using an imaging machine to look inside the brains of 13 dogs as they listened to their owners’ voice.

The reward pathway in the dogs’ brains lit up when they heard both praising words and an approving intonation (语调)—but not when they heard random (随机的) words spoken in a praising tone or praising words spoken in a flat tone, according to the researchers.

“Dogs deal with both what we say and how we say it in a way which is amazingly similar to how humans do it,” says Attila Andics, a neuroscientist in Hungary. When dogs hear speech, he explains, they seem to separate the meaning of words from the intonation. Then the left hemisphere (半球) of the brain deals with meaning, while intonation is dealt with in the right hemisphere.

All the dogs in the study were willing volunteers and were trained not to move in the scanner (扫描器). The dogs could get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear to the dogs that their human companions loved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy to take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty of the training was that they can’t move more than 3 millimeters in any direction, otherwise we will have to throw out all of the data.”

He says most dog owners have experimented with trying to “trick” their dogs by saying nonsense words in a cheerful, happy tone of voice. “I think the big difference here is that they only heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dogs were inside the machine. “Here, the only information they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that for praise to be dealt with as a reward, when there is no other supporting information, both word meaning and intonation have to fit.”

1. What is regarded as a reward by dogs according to the study?

A．Praising words in a flat tone.	B．Random words in a flat tone.
C．Praising words in a praising tone.	D．Random words in a praising tone.

2. How do dogs deal with what they hear?

A．Focus more on the meaning.	B．Focus more on the intonation.
C．Use information from their peers.	D．Use the two parts of the brain.

3. What is a hard part of the training in Andics’opinion?

A．Looking into the dogs’ brain activity.

B．Training dogs to stay still in the machine.

C．Keeping dogs separated from their owners.

D．Asking dogs to get up and leave the scanner.

4. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

A．Dogs Understand Tone and Meaning of Words

B．Dogs Indeed Know How to Praise

C．Dogs Can Recognize Owners’ Voices

D．Dogs Can Read Man’s Moods