1 . Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms.
Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1, 500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use email to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fastfood restaurant or under the trees — anywhere at all!
Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State highereducation officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities, too.
At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”
1. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to ________.| A．use for their schoolwork |
| B．access the Internet |
| C．work at home |
| D．connect them to libraries |
| A．All teachers use computers. |
| B．1, 500 students have laptops. |
| C．It is an old college in America. |
| D．Students there can do everything. |
| A．attend lectures on information technology |
| B．travel around the world |
| C．get information from around the world |
| D．have free laptops |
| A．The program is successful. |
| B．The program is not workable. |
| C．The program is too expensive. |
| D．We don’t know the result yet. |
2 . Back in the early 2000s, lots of people couldn’t have imagined life without alarm clocks, CD players, calendars, cameras, or lots of other devices. But along came the iPhone and other smartphones, and they took over the functions of dozens of things we used to think were essential.
The smartphone story could even be a model for fighting climate change; not because smartphones use a small part of the energy of all the things they replace - although they do-but because they represent a different approach to design in general. And that approach is to focus on function rather than form. That requires focusing on understanding the underlying problem，and then engineering a wide range of potential solutions. This approach could revolutionize how we think about energy efficiency.
Traditionally, improvements in energy efficiency have mostly focused on individual devices, which can be quite fruitful. But focusing on individual devices is like if Apple had spent effort inventing a better alarm clock, a better CD player, a better calendar, and a better camera. Now with an iPhone, we don’t need the standalone(独立运行的) devices at all, because it can function as all of them.
So when it comes to using energy efficiently, rather than just installing a more efficient heater，some people have focused instead on the desired function: staying warm. They designed and coated their house so well that they could get rid of their heater altogether, letting them heat their house with 99% less energy.
In the same way, rather than just making cars more efficient, what if we focus on the desired function-getting where we want when we want-and create an efficient transportation system where we can drive less or get rid of our personal cars entirely?
The most energy efficient car or heater is no car, or no heater, while still being able to get around and stay warm. In other words, it’s not thinking efficient, it’s thinking different.
1. What makes the iPhone a good example of environmental protection?| A．Perfecting individual devices. | B．Combining possible functions. |
| C．Adopting a simplest design. | D．Reducing the energy consumption. |
| A．Using recyclable materials. | B．Revolutionizing technologies. |
| C．Figuring out various solutions. | D．Concentrating on the essential needs. |
| A．Fruitless. | B．Out-of-date. | C．Adequate. | D．Perfect. |
| A．Think out of the box. | B．Differences make it unique. |
| C．Be economical with energy. | D．Step out of the comfort zone. |
3 . Regardless of how far we’d like to believe gender (性别) equality in the workplace has come, there’s still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEO positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.
While it’s not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.
In their research, Professor Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed 2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.
While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders—probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women—this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.
There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations.
Obviously, its important to consider individual differences.Anyone, regardless of gender may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time you're hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历)from female candidates a harder look.
1. What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?| A．Women are worse than men. |
| B．Men take almost all high positions. |
| C．There is a huge gap between genders. |
| D．Women might behave better in nearly every field. |
| A．properly. | B．potentially. | C．naturally. | D．normally. |
| A．Why Women Make Better Leaders |
| B．Why Women Are Better Than Men |
| C．How We Can Figure Out The Boss |
| D．How We Can Tell Gender Difference |
| A．Job hunters. | B．Employers. | C．Employees. | D．Male bosses. |
4 . Many people believe that you lose the ability to learn new languages as you get older. Language experts, however, will tell you that you’re never too old to learn a new language. As you get older, it can be more difficult to learn a new language, though.
Children and adults learn new languages in different ways. For children, language is their life. They study for thousands of hours every year, because they need to learn languages to become part of their communities. Adults, on the other hand, are already part of a language community. Learning a new language means becoming part of another language community, and adults rarely get the chance to practice as much as young children do.
Moreover, children learning a new language are expected to make mistakes. This gives them freedom when learning to be daring and confident. Adults, however, often feel pressured to be perfect when learning a new language. This can discourage many people and make it even harder to learn a new language.
When young children learn a new language, they come to see all kinds of languages as a “normal” part of society. This mindset(思维模式) helps them embrace learning a new language without feeling like they’re doing something unusual or “too hard”.
So if you want to learn a new language, go for it! It’s never too late to learn a new language. If you’re older, it may take more work, but it can be done. If you’re a young child, though, now it is the time to step out and learn a new language!
1. By saying “language is their life” in Paragraph 2, the author means that children ________.| A．can’t live without language | B．lead a happy life every day |
| C．practice a new language a lot | D．are taken good care of by adults |
| A．They often feel pressured. | B．They usually have too many interests. |
| C．They think making mistakes is natural. | D．They always make all kinds of mistakes. |
| A．The behavior they have. | B．The learning attitudes. |
| C．The future plans they have made. | D．The materials they are using. |
| A．can never be learned by the old people |
| B．can be learned by the old people easily |
| C．can be understood only by the old people |
| D．can be learned by both the old and the young |
5 . Teenagers who check social media for several hours a day are at the risk of developing ADHD, a study has concluded.
The research team, from the University of Southern California, tracked 2,600 teenagers aged 15 and 16. They asked them how many times they checked their phones and other digital devices for various reasons, and then monitored them for symptoms of ADHD. After two years, those who had checked their phones the most often were twice as likely as those who cheeked the least often to show signs of ADHD.
Writing in the JAMA medical journal, the scientists said, “Modern media devices immediately inform users when new text messages, social media postings, or video game play invitations arrive. Exposure to such information may draw attention away from important tasks. Frequent distraction could interrupt the development of constant attention and organization skills.”
They believe constant access to instant entertainment also has an impact. Researcher Professor Adam Leventhal said all previous researches had focused on the link between ADHD and televisions. "What's new is that previous studies on this topic were done many years ago, when social media, mobile phones, tablets and mobile apps didn't exist. We can say with confidence that teens who are exposed to higher levels of digital media are significantly more likely to develop ADHD symptoms in the future, he said.
Leventhal believes the findings help fill a gap in understanding how new mobile media devices and seemingly limitless content pose a mental health risk for children. And the findings serve as a warning.
British scientists welcomed the findings. But Professor Andy Przybylski of the Oxford Internet Institute said, “The study relies on survey responses provided by the students in question. It is not clear if teachers or parents would rate the children similarly or if the self-reported measure of digital screen use is related with either actual behavior or higher quality survey items.”
1. How did the researchers conduct the study?| A．By monitoring 2,600 teenagers with ADHD. |
| B．By controlling different teens, time spent on social media. |
| C．By tracking the participants for two years. |
| D．By analyzing data from previous researches online. |
| A．It will cause diverse ADHD symptoms. | B．It will create higher ADHD risks. |
| C．It will weaken teenagers' confidence. | D．It will have a major influence on organization skills. |
| A．It provides a better understanding of the media. | B．It should have focused on parents' responses. |
| C．Its findings are not reliable enough. | D．It's a breakthrough in this field. |
| A．The use of digital media is on the rise |
| B．Teens' exposure to modern media calls more attention |
| C．Heavy use of social media may increase Teens' ADHD risks |
| D．Teens are increasingly exposed to ADHD |
6 . There are as many kinds of careers as there are people.They vary greatly in the type of work involved and in the ways they influence a person’s life.The kind of career you have can affect your life in many ways.By making wise decisions concerning your career, you can help yourself build the life you want.To do that, you need as much information as possible.The more you know about yourself, the better able you will be to choose a satisfying career.
What do people hope to acquire from a career? Some people desire a high income.Some hope for fame.Others seek for adventure.Still others intend to serve people and make the world a better place.Before you begin to explore career fields, you should determine your values, your interests, and your aptitudes that will make you competent for your future work.Most people are happiest in jobs that fit their values, interests,and skills.Each person has many values, which vary in strength.For example, money is the strongest value and priority for some people—that is, wealth is more important to them than anything else.As a result, they focus their thoughts, behaviour, and emotions on the goal of earning a high income.Other values include devoting to religion, taking risks, spending time with family, and helping others.
Before making a career decision, you can ask yourself what is most important to you and examine your beliefs to better know your values.For example, is it important to you to work as a member of a team? Or would you rather be in charge or work alone? If working alone or being in charge is important to you, independence is probably one of your primary values.
1. How can we make a wise career decision?| A．We learn more about ourselves. |
| B．We stick to our beliefs more firmly. |
| C．We change our interest more often. |
| D．We find more career opportunities. |
| A．Experiences. | B．Abilities. |
| C．Feelings. | D．Families. |
| A．One that brings huge wealth. |
| B．One that meets inner demands. |
| C．One that develops interests and skills. |
| D．One that contributes to forming values. |
| A．The contents of our values. |
| B．The foundations of our values. |
| C．The places to achieve our values. |
| D．The ways to understand our values. |
7 . At the time of writing this, it's been eight days since I moved into my dorm room at Montclair State University. Commuting (通勤) or going online completely is not an option for me. I can't drive a car. And I am studying journalism, which is difficult to practice with online-only classes.
Few people are on campus. The school is doing phased move-ins. For the safety of students and staff,you have to fill out charts and forms telling the school exactly where you go and when you will move in.
Housing was not a big concern because the on-campus population has been halved. I moved in at the earliest time I could: Aug. 10. During that time, the only people I saw were joggers wheezing up the many hills around my school. To get my double room, I had to fill out an abundance of paperwork. I agreed that in the event that I get COVID-19, I'll move to a single room completely lacking in human contact, besides food delivery and online classes.
And then there was the food situation. It's unknown whether dining options will be open in time for our classes next week, and if they are, how they will be handled. The tables I spent many hours sitting at with friends have all but disappeared. There are plenty of floor signs at the canteen for all students to follow. Instead of sitting down to eat, it was grab-and-go. Pick whatever you want, and an employee will pack it for you in a box and a plastic bag.
But here on campus, it's the calm before the storm. Somehow, society hasn't collapsed. Cats and dogs are not raining from the sky. Pigs aren't flying. Right now, it's like a nature reserve. I've seen more birds, deer and squirrels than humans here.
My bizarre (怪异的) college situation leaves me with sleepless nights. Much like this whole pandemic (疫情),everything is just one day at a time.
1. What are students from Montclair State University required to do?| A．Report their whereabouts. | B．Fill out application forms. |
| C．Take online courses at dorms. | D．Move in as soon as possible. |
| A．He was infected with COVID-19. |
| B．There were not so many applicants. |
| C．He came earlier than any other students. |
| D．He submitted all the necessary paperwork. |
| A．Food will be delivered by an employee. |
| B．Students will have more choices next week. |
| C．Students are not allowed to eat at the canteen. |
| D．The canteen provides more tables and floor signs. |
| A．Optimistic. | B．Concerned. |
| C．Relaxed. | D．Indifferent. |
8 . Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist... Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect, Christopher Wren.
Hooke’s early education began at home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School at the age of 13, and from there went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, at the age of 28, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London — meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meeting. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!
Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favourite pastimes. He invented a compound microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork under a microscope, he saw honeycomblike structures. There were cells — the smallest units of life. In fact, it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the boxlike cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery．
Another achievement of Hooke’s was his book Micrographia, which introduced the enormous potential of the microscope. It contains fascinating drawings of the thing he saw under the microscope. The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and burning that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena.
Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy too. A crater on the moon is named after him in honour of his services to this branch of science.
1. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Hooke is ________.| A．friendly | B．sociable | C．creative | D．helpful |
| A．He liked designing experiments. | B．His family needed his support. |
| C．He wanted to please the famous scientists in England. | D．His parents couldn’t afford his education. |
| A．Hooke went to Oxford in 1645. | B．Hooke was well paid in the Royal Society of London. |
| C．Hooke made a contribution to medicine. | D．Hooke’s book Micrographia may have helped Newton. |
| A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century |
| B．Hooke was good at making discoveries |
| C．Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one field |
| D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers |
9 . Nougat and Clarence became best friends almost as soon as Nougat moved into the retirement home. Nougat likes to rest his head on the back of Clarence as often as he gets the
Kristen Peralta, the founder of Vintage Pet Rescue, takes care of 27 mostly senior dogs. While she and her husband have unofficially been
In some ways, elder dogs may be less
A life spent
| A．idea | B．mercy | C．chance | D．point |
| A．takes in | B．takes along | C．takes off | D．takes over |
| A．committed | B．unlikely | C．lucky | D．familiar |
| A．beginning | B．bottom | C．edge | D．end |
| A．surrounding | B．rescuing | C．inviting | D．contributing |
| A．efficient | B．risky | C．difficult | D．valuable |
| A．reliable | B．negative | C．different | D．bright |
| A．succeeding | B．insisting | C．resulting | D．specializing |
| A．death | B．adaptation | C．survival | D．crime |
| A．looking after | B．bringing in | C．relying on | D．toying with |
| A．adjusts | B．impresses | C．schedules | D．indicates |
| A．adopt | B．agree | C．explore | D．realize |
| A．appreciate | B．consume | C．comfort | D．support |
| A．hopeful | B．surprised | C．sorrowful | D．doubtful |
| A．decision | B．living | C．fortune | D．difference |
10 . When was the last time you told someone they inspire you to go to work each morning?
Teachers at Oak Park High School in Kansas City, Missouri, did just that this September, when they pulled individual students out of class to tell them just how much they appreciated them. The students’ reactions, which were captured on video and shared on YouTube, ranged from shy thanks to hugs and tears.
“I have been challenged to find a student who makes me want to come to school every day,” says one teacher in the video, “and that’s you.”
Jamie McSparin, a teacher in charge of the school’s academy program for at- risk sophomores (二年级学生) and juniors, posed the challenge, writes ABC News. “Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble,” McSparin told ABC News. “Any teacher-student interaction always seems to be negative, and that was something that bothered me, too. No matter if they’re good kids or troublemakers, they always thought they were in trouble,” she says.
McSparin says she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called the power of positivity. “I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them, I just don’t think we say it enough,” she told local news outlet WDAF-TV.
It’s safe to say the challenge was effective.
“I feel special,” said one of the boys in the video. “You should,” said his teacher. “You are special.”
1. What does the underlined word “ posed” in Paragraph4 mean?| A．Presented | B．Rejected | C．Ignored | D．Evaluated |
| A．Nervous | B．Thrilled | C．Curious | D．Encouraged |
| A．The trouble caused by students. | B．The need of shooting the video. |
| C．A seminar named the power of positivity. | D．A program related to students’ interactions. |
| A．Challenge is unavoidable in life. | B．Everyone needs to be appreciated. |
| C．Positivity outweighs negativity. | D．News media contribute to students’ progress. |
