1 . The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular (心血管的)fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "
For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak (最大值的) cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.
These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
1. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?A.Positive effects of doing exercises. |
B.Exercises suitable for the middle-aged. |
C.Experimental studies on diseases. |
D.Advantages of sporty woman over man |
A.To predict their maximum heart rate. |
B.To assess their cardiovascular capacity |
C.To change their habits of working out |
D.To detect their potential health problems |
A.It aimed to find a cure for dementia. |
B.Data collection was a lengthy process. |
C.Some participants withdrew from it. |
D.The results were far from satisfactory. |
A.More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia |
B.Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise |
C.Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia |
D.Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness |
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to
3 . My mother turned ninety. I knew I needed to find a senior
I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes
When I came into the room, a woman
I
A.leisure | B.fitness | C.community | D.learning |
A.change | B.remember | C.wait | D.enjoy |
A.routine | B.aim | C.challenge | D.plan |
A.attached | B.familiar | C.appropriate | D.vital |
A.comforted | B.invited | C.promised | D.welcomed |
A.sure | B.disappointed | C.anxious | D.hopeful |
A.make up for | B.look down on | C.get down to | D.keep up with |
A.greeted | B.recognized | C.helped | D.introduced |
A.relax | B.stretch | C.strengthen | D.use |
A.improvement | B.agreement | C.interpretation | D.conclusion |
A.Fortunately | B.Consequently | C.Naturally | D.Surprisingly |
A.problem | B.contribution | C.standard | D.focus |
A.lonely | B.absent | C.unhappy | D.tired |
A.fail | B.manage | C.attempt | D.continue |
A.backgrounds | B.connections | C.skills | D.duties |
4 . It was my first year teaching in a special needs classroom. I wasn’t sure what to
Mark was one with the latter, limited to a
The big day came at last and the final
The progress was
A.teach | B.expect | C.describe | D.consider |
A.challenges | B.grades | C.knowledge | D.wishes |
A.classroom | B.playground | C.wheelchair | D.library |
A.never | B.seldom | C.sometimes | D.always |
A.make sure of | B.figure out | C.call for | D.hold back |
A.poor | B.satisfied | C.excellent | D.disappointed |
A.behavior | B.conversation | C.sportswear | D.movement |
A.anger | B.wonder | C.thanks | D.hope |
A.result | B.event | C.ceremony | D.celebration |
A.participate | B.welcome | C.watch | D.observe |
A.went on | B.moved on | C.took off | D.showed off |
A.remained | B.struggled | C.rested | D.paused |
A.afraid | B.alone | C.alive | D.awake |
A.cover | B.find | C.keep | D.run |
A.strange | B.normal | C.creative | D.silent |
A.off | B.down | C.back | D.away |
A.pushing | B.moving | C.cheering | D.driving |
A.worthwhile | B.slow | C.exciting | D.painful |
A.enthusiastic | B.surprised | C.doubtful | D.pleasant |
A.interesting | B.professional | C.challenging | D.extraordinary |
5 . If you’re a runner who secretly hates running, here’s some good news: settling into a leisurely jog rather than an all-out run may actually be better for your health in the long term.
A team from Denmark followed over 5, 000 people taking part in the Copenhagen City Heart Study, and tracked whether they were non-joggers, or joggers who kept a slow, moderate (中等的), or fast pace. The participants’ health was tracked over the next 12 years, and so was their mortality (死亡率): 28 of the joggers and 128 of the non-joggers died.
The connection was this: Joggers of mild and moderate intensity had a lower risk of death than the fast joggers. In fact, the lowest mortality risk was that of the mild intensity joggers. The fast-paced joggers had about the same mortality rate as sedentary (久坐的) people. This suggests that there may be an upper limit to hard exercise, after which the benefits fall off.
“The U-shaped association between jogging and mortality suggests there may be an upper limit for exercise amount that is best for health benefits,” said study author Peter Schnohr. “Anything more is not just unnecessary; it may be harmful.” From the current study, jogging just three times per week, for less than 2.5 hours per week was associated with the lowest overall mortality risk.
There have been a lot of mixed messages about the “right” amount of exercise and what intensity is best. The World Health Organization has suggested that the current 150 minutes per week recommendations are strenuous for most people to tackle, and that expectations should be lowered, since, after all, anything is better than nothing. Everyone probably has a level of activity that feels best to him or her. But at least the growing consensus seems to be that more — if you’re pushing yourself very hard— is not necessarily better. And it may even be worse.
1. What was the study designed to find out?A.The relation between exercise amount and health. |
B.The difference between non-joggers and joggers. |
C.The advantages of jogging over running. |
D.The common causes of death from exercise. |
A.Those jogging just three times per week. | B.Those jogging 150 minutes per week. |
C.Those fast-paced joggers. | D.Those slow-paced joggers. |
A.The early bird catches the worm. | B.Wealth is nothing without health. |
C.To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short. | D.Enough exercise brings about happiness. |
A.Intense. | B.Wide-ranging. |
C.Necessary. | D.Far-reaching. |
A.Why Jogging May Be Better For Your Health Than Running? |
B.Can Jogging Increase Your Weight? |
C.How Does Jogging Affect Your Health? |
D.How Often Should Beginners Run? |
6 . Sports and fitness can be regarded as a way to add spice to your life. The first time I realized that I had a
Small for my age as a 9-year-old, and more of a bookworm than a
In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the
My passion for sports got
School sports did not bleed into (渗透进) the weekends,
During downtime (休息), magazines were also quite
So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation developed gradually in
I still love
As far as I’m concerned, life is richest with my feet in both worlds.
1.A.hate | B.love | C.anger | D.joy |
A.junior | B.kindergarten | C.elementary | D.high |
A.sports | B.motion | C.campaign | D.exercise |
A.harm | B.humor | C.hatred | D.humiliation |
A.example | B.instance | C.ideal | D.model |
A.lost | B.added | C.lifted | D.fell |
A.heading | B.receiving | C.tripping | D.passing |
A.more steady | B.stronger | C.more stable | D.sharper |
A.changed | B.twisted | C.transformed | D.switched |
A.budge | B.courage | C.points | D.profits |
A.eventually | B.partially | C.gradually | D.rapidly |
A.craze | B.hit | C.fever | D.emotion |
A.star | B.hero | C.exception | D.wonder |
A.though | B.as | C.while | D.when |
A.valid | B.used | C.normal | D.proper |
A.regular | B.popular | C.fascinated | D.addicted |
A.picked out | B.made out | C.brought on | D.took up |
A.if | B.while | C.when | D.until |
A.adulthood | B.brotherhood | C.boyhood | D.childhood |
A.sharing | B.competing | C.sporting | D.reading |
7 . It will come as no comfort to a child shivering (打哆嗦) on a playing field on a cold winter’s day. But regular organized school sport helps children in their academic studies in years to come. The researchers said other “structured” activities such as music or religious activities were not as beneficial for attention as taking part in a games lesson. The difference in academic ability was noticeable even at age ten, with those who had taken in sports since the start of junior school performing better than those who hadn’t.
The Canadian study looked at children aged six and then ten. Professor Linda Pagani said:“We worked with information provided by parents and teachers to compare kindergarteners’ activities with their classroom activities as they grew up. By the time they reached the fourth grade, kids who played structured sports were clearly better at following instructions and remaining focused in the classroom. There is something special to the sporting environment — perhaps the sense of belonging to a team to a special group with a common goal — that appears to help kids understand the importance of respecting the rules and honoring responsibilities.”
Researchers began studying 2,694 Canadian children around the age of six, with teachers filled in questionnaires about their behavior in school. Meanwhile, the children’s parents were interviewed by phone or in person about their home life. The exercise was the repeated four years later to test what effect the behavior had.
Professor Pagani said: “We found children who had better behavior in the kindergarten class were more likely to be involved in sport by age ten. Nevertheless, we found those children who were specifically involved in team sports at kindergarten scored higher by the time they reached the fourth grade.” The researchers believe sporting activities and attention skills go hand in hand. Professor Pagani added: “The results should be encouraging for schools looking to cut childhood obesity rates and low attainment in schools.”
1. What kinds of children may do better in their academic study according to paragraph one?A.Those who join in structured activities. |
B.Those who don’t shiver on a cold winter’s day. |
C.Those who don’t like school sports. |
D.Those who take part in game lessons. |
A.The classroom activities. | B.The results of the exams. |
C.The performance at kindergarten. | D.The time spent in classrooms. |
A.understand each other better | B.follow the rules |
C.respect the teachers | D.give up |
A.How scientists carried out the research. |
B.Why parents were interviewed by phone. |
C.How kids behaved at home or at school. |
D.How many sports kids did at school. |
A.The research will be of great benefit. |
B.It’s necessary for children go to kindergartens. |
C.Childhood obesity rates can lead to low attainment. |
D.Team sports will be reduced at kindergartens. |
1.参加体育锻炼的好处。
2.介绍一些适合学生做的体育项目。
注意:
1.词数不少于100;
2.可适当加入细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear fellow students,
I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.学生参与体育运动的情况;
2.体育运动的重要性;
3.提出倡议。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10 . Practice Tai Chi & Feel Better
Free Open House See a demo of tai chi and try a free class, all welcome! Saturday Feb 2 Level 1,566 Lutwyche Rd 1:00 pm-2:30 pm Saturday Jan 19 Mermaid Beach Community Center, 2439 Gold Coast Highway 11:00 am-1:00 pm |
New Weekly Beginners’ Classes Buranda Primary School, 24 Cowley St, Woolloongabba STARTS Thu Mar 7 6:30 pm-8:00 pm Holland Park St Joachim’s Hall, 24 Crown St STARTS Tue Mar 5 5:30 pm-7:00 pm You can choose one of them. |
Health Recovery Classes Health recovery classes are for people with chronic (慢性的) illnesses, or who are recovering from illnesses, to work on tai chi at their own speed. You can start anytime, and start to feel the benefits. Level 1,566 Lutwyche Rd STARTS anytime Thursday 11:00 am-12:30 pm |
Short Courses Are you short of time? In just one afternoon or a weekend you can get a quick introduction to tai chi. SAT APRIL 27 to SUN APRIL 28 2:00 pm-4:00 pm Introduction to tai chi(weekend) Room 502, Building 13, St Peter’s College For more information, visit the Short Courses page on our website. |
Bookings are important. Call 3357 5600 or email brisbane@taichi.org. |
A.Mermaid Beach Community Center. |
B.Buranda Primary School. |
C.Holland Park. |
D.St Peter’s College. |
A.Every day. | B.Once a week. |
C.Twice a week. | D.Once a month. |
A.6:30 pm-8:00 pm | B.5:30 pm-7:00 pm |
C.11:00 am-12:30 pm | D.2:00 pm-4:00 pm |
A.Free Open House. |
B.New Weekly Beginners’ Classes. |
C.Health Recovery Classes. |
D.Short Courses. |
A.Make a booking. |
B.Build a website. |
C.Become an active person. |
D.Learn a lot about tai chi. |