1 . School Bus Safety in the United States
Each school day, millions of children ride school buses. Do you know that the school bus is one of the safest vehicles on the road? Less than 1% of all traffic deaths involve children on school transportation vehicles. However, children are more at risk when approaching or leaving a school bus. It’s important for you to understand school bus safety.
Stop for School Buses
When you see a school bus slowing down or stopping, it’s not just the bus that you need to have your eyes on—but the surrounding area, too. Children wait at least several feet away from a bus and often cross the street when they’re boarding or getting off the bus. This is why you must stop for school buses, and don’t attempt to pass.
Illegal School Bus Passing
Illegal school bus passing poses a significant threat to children and others on the road. In every state, it is illegal for you to pass a school bus while the stop-arm is extended and the red lights are flashing.
Understanding School Bus Lights
Learn the school bus laws in your state and always follow them, as well as the flashing lights that school bus drivers use to warn you.
Yellow flashing lights indicate the bus is preparing to stop to load or unload children. You should slow down and prepare to stop your vehicle.
Red flashing lights and extended stop-arms indicate the bus has stopped and children are getting on or off. You must stop your car and wait until the red lights stop flashing, the extended stop-arm is withdrawn, and the bus begins moving, before you can start driving again.
1. What should you especially pay attention to when a school bus stops?| A．Its driver on duty. | B．The direction in which you pass it. |
| C．Kids getting on or off it. | D．The way to follow closely behind. |
| A．After it has moved. | B．Before it begins moving. |
| C．While its stop-arm is extended. | D．When the red lights are flashing. |
| A．Parents. | B．Drivers. |
| C．Teachers. | D．Students. |
When parents talk about school safety these days, they’re usually referring to the increase in violence at schools. But research shows that school-age children are actually nine times more likely to suffer an injury while doing sports than to be the victim of violence while at school. Accidents can be prevented if parents are on the lookout for potential dangers. To help you keep your kids free from harm, here are some safety tips:
*Teach your child never to talk to strangers or accept rides or gifts from strangers. Remember, a stranger is anyone you or your child doesn’t know well or trust.
*Be sure that your child walks to and from school with a sibling, friend or neighbor.
*Teach your kid, whether walking, biking or riding a bus to school, to obey all traffic signals, signs and traffic officers. Remind him to be extra careful in bad weather.
*When driving your kid, deliver and pick them up as close to the school as possible. Don’t leave until they are in the schoolyard or building.
*If your child rides a bike to school, make sure he wears a standard helmet. Research shows that a helmet can reduce the risk of head injury by 85%.
*Teach your kid to arrive at the bus stop earlier, stay off the street, and wait for the bus to come to a complete stop.
*Be sure that your kid knows his or her home phone number and address, your work number, the number of another trusted adult and how to call for emergencies.
1. Who do you think the passage is written to? (no more than 2 words)2. Please explain the word “potential” in English. (no more than 3 words)
3. What is the function of a helmet when riding a bike? (no more than 8 words)
4. What is the main purpose of this passage? (no more than 10 words)
5. Which tip do you think is the most important for you? And why? (no more than 20 words)
3 . How To Deal With A Bully
Bullying is when someone misuses his authority( 权威) or power inside a relationship.
It is never easy to deal with all the unwanted bullying even when you have done nothing wrong.
Ask Them To Stop
Bullies usually hunt for people who are alone or have isolated themselves from their surroundings. If you are with your friends, or if you are in the company of someone, it is least likely that the bully will disturb you. We are not asking you to make a huge circle of friends, but sometimes all it takes is one loyal friend who will stay by you no matter what.
Ignore Them
Another effective measure to ignore a bully is by ignoring them. They think of it as a game, and when they get an emotional response from you, it satisfies their ego.
| A．Be Accompanied |
| B．Make More Friends |
| C．Asking the bully to stop is sometimes an effective measure to deal with them. |
| D．It can be outside of a relationship too as this behavior knows no bounds. |
| E．Such bullies will go around spreading rumors and false news. |
| F．However, doing nothing in return will only result in more intense bullying. |
| G．When you do not react to what they say or do no matter how hurtful it may be for you, they start to lose interest in you. |
4 . In the hallways between classes, on the playground, or on the school bus, bullying (欺凌) can happen anywhere.
Make a parent aware of the situation. Your parents can often speak out for you to the teachers and school leaders, and they may be able to have a talk with the parents of the aggressor (好斗者),
Stop being a victim (受害者). You don’t have to act like a victim just because you have been the victim of bullying. This gives the aggressor more power over you and the situation. Walk with your head held high, your chin up and your back straight.
Learn to protect yourself.
| A．Avoid the bully whenever possible |
| B．or you can turn to a teacher that you trust |
| C．Take a general self-defence class or martial arts |
| D．Consider that some bullies are also bully-victims |
| E．Show self-confidence rather than a lack of confidence |
| F．Get with a friend who can serve as a source of strength |
| G．Bullying can be a terrible, life-changing experience for children |
5 . When a Houston dad found out his eight-year-old son was being bullied, he didn’t get mad at the classmate who teased him. Instead, he talked with the so-called bully and realized that the boy was struggling, too.
Aubrey Fontenot’s son, Jordan, told him a boy named Tamarion was teasing him. Fontenot decided to sit down with his son and Tamarion to understand what was going on, and something unexpected happened.
Tamarion told Fontenot he was being teased at school, too. “I asked, ‘By who? You are big. You are huge. Who is teasing you?’” the father said. “He said, ‘Just all the other kids, man. They are making fun of me.’” Fontenot learned that Tamarion was getting teased for his clothes and shoes — his clothes and shoes were old and dirty. Fontenot then spoke to the boy’s mother. “She kind of confirmed it,” Fontenot said. “And she said, ‘That’s the kind of situation.’”
He felt sympathetic to the young boy and wanted to help. So he asked Tamarion’s mom if he could take her son to do some shopping.
Fontenot posted videos of their trip to the mall on social media and they went viral. Tamarion eventually smiled, and then the two were laughing and singing together on their shopping trip. Just as if he were taking his own son to do some shopping, Fontenot got Tamarion new clothes and shoes, and shared words of wisdom with him.
Then, the dad united the two boys. He said it was awkward at first — just a day earlier, they didn’t get along well at school. But the two classmates started playing sports games together and soon became friends. It was not just about the clothes and shoes. Tamarion gained a friend in Jordan, and a mentor in his dad. Fontenot said he was also bullied when he was a child, so he knew it was important to listen to Tamarion’s story. He chose kindness instead of anger and brought the two boys together. “I wouldn’t say that was the goal, but that was the reward,” Fontenot said.
1. What was Fontenot’s attitude toward his son’s being bullied?| A．Amazed and embarrassed. | B．Angry and impatient. |
| C．Calm and sensible. | D．Sad and discouraged. |
| A．He turned to the school for help. |
| B．He made the two boys united and join together. |
| C．He asked Tamarion’s mother to settle the problem. |
| D．He ordered his son never to play with Tamarion again. |
| A．Fontenot communicated with Tamarion’s mother to know about him. |
| B．Jordan’s being bullied arose from his clothes and shoes. |
| C．Jordan and Tamarion got along well in the beginning. |
| D．Tamarion’s mother paid little attention to Tamarion. |
6 . Where do teens get junk food (垃圾食品)? In more than a third of the U.S. high schools, the CDC reports.
A study shows that in some states, teens find it much easier to get junk food. In Utah, for example, more than four out of five high schools sell candies and more than three out of four sell high-fat, salty snacks.
“But progress is being made,” says Howell Wechsler, director of CDC’s Division of Adolescent and School Health. “We see quite a few states where the number of schools selling junk food in vending machines (自动售货机) is very low.”
In a study of high schools in 25 states and nine cities, the percentage of high schools selling junk food during lunch periods dropped from 53 percent in 2016 to about 37 percent in 2018. Yet there was no change in the percentage of high schools selling junk food before and after the lunch bell rang.
Why do schools sell food that harms kids’ health? Money, Wechsler says. Sales from vending machines, and snack bars come directly to schools without strings (附带条件) by state or city school systems.
Faced with increasing financial pressures, schools are tempted (诱惑) to make deals with the junk food companies. However, the success some schools have achieved set others a good example. “In some places, schools are selling healthier choices and continuing to bring in revenue (收入),” Wechsler says. “The great progress made in these states shows that changes are possible to make.”
Wechsler also says schools that replace junk food with healthy food see a drop in revenue at first but then see revenue climb back up after a year or two.
1. When do schools make progress in selling less junk food?| A．Before lunch. | B．During lunchtime. | C．After lunch. | D．Over dinner. |
| A．Students prefer junk food to healthy food. | B．Students have few healthy food to choose from. |
| C．They make deals with the junk food companies. | D．They want to make more money to run the school. |
| A．be supported by their students | B．suffer a loss in revenue for the moment |
| C．be given some strings by the government | D．not make enough money to run the school |
| A．Schools sell junk food to teens. | B．Teens prefer junk food in school. |
| C．Schools care more about teens health. | D．Junk food is popular with teens at school. |
7 . First aid is an important tool in quickly responding to accidents to ensure that injuries can be efficiently and immediately handled before a trained medical professional arrives. First aid in schools is especially helpful as children often get into accidents that need quick care.
A quick response is guaranteed.
First aid is the initial treatment given to a victim. Some injuries do not require professional assistance.
First aid can save lives.
People equipped with first aid skills can handle emergencies in an efficient manner. Their professional knowledge and right methods of treatment can help preserve lives. A trained person is more composed（镇定的）and confident in critical situations.
A greater sense of safety is promoted.
| A．To sum up, first aid offers a wide range of benefits. |
| B．Overall, a quick response can make a big difference. |
| C．People who get first aid training are likely to feel secure |
| D．He/She knows the best possible ways to help the victims make it. |
| E．First aid training gives an individual enough knowledge to last a lifetime |
| F．They can be treated with simple methods such as applying an ice pack etc. |
| G．Whether they are minor or more serious, preventing them worsening is important. |
8 . In my class in high school, there was a girl who was considered the most unpopular. No one actually knows how this exclusion came from, but we all followed it for no reason at all. One day after lunch, we girls sat on the track field, talking about things that happened in our lives. Someone brought her up, and soon the topic transformed to laughing at the funny hairstyle of her, the stupid way she walked and....I felt extremely uncomfortable but kept silent, because I didn't want to be the one “supporting” the common enemy. After all, it's just a short gossip time among a trusted group of friends; why should I bring unnecessary tension?
Suddenly, one of my friends pointed her finger towards somewhere behind me. All of us turned around and saw that exact girl, hand still in the air, with a twisted (扭曲的) look on her face. She lowered her hand in slow movement, then turned around and ran off. For a second, I wanted to stand up and chase her down to tell her that no one meant what they said, and that she is an amazing person being who she is. But my legs felt so heavy, I didn't want to make a fool out of myself - why bother taking care of the class clown (小丑)? People would think that I was crazy as well!
A few weeks later, the teacher told us that a classmate dropped out of school - it was that girl. Her parents told the school that it was the peer pressure that made her want to leave. The teacher wanted to know who the bully (霸凌) was. Again, no one spoke a word. Perhaps it was exactly this cold, hard silence that drove her away. I certainly did not raise my hand. I had never even said anything bad about her; it was my friends who loved to make fun of her every day. Surely, I didn't bully her physically or with my language, but I kept silent when others did. By failing to stand up for her and offering her support, I was giving agreement, which made others think that it was okay to mistreat her. Perhaps if I had realized I was wrong earlier - instead of convincing myself that I had nothing to do with her leaving, I wouldn't have to bear the burden of heavy shame on my shoulders.
1. What does the underlined word “exclusion” in paragraph 1 refer to??| A．transformation | B．adaptation |
| C．rejection | D．association |
| A．The author was mad at her friends at that time |
| B．The author's leg was broken while chasing the girl |
| C．The group friends think it crazy to be fooled. |
| D．The girl heard what the author's friends said about her |
| A．she wanted to follow the flow | B．she was prevented by the group friends |
| C．she didn't want to turn against friends | D．she worried about others' reaction |
| A．She will not turn a blind eye to it | B．She will stand up for her group friends |
| C．She will make fun of the group | D．She will keep silent and walk away |
9 . What should you do if there’s an earthquake at school? How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede(踩踏)? March 25th this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety.
This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students(NDESEMSS). The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.
A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries(伤害).
What can we do to keep ourselves safe? Staying calm(镇静) is the first and most important rule when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice.
A stampede is possible anywhere. The larger a human crowd gets, the more likely stampedes become. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands.
Lean to one side, curl up your body and bend your legs.
Earthquakes are common natural disasters(灾难). When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, don’t stay near buildings, trees or power lines.
When there’s a fire, follow the teachers’ instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t breathe in smoke.
1. What’s the theme of NDESEMSS this year?| A．To give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe. |
| B．To give students more knowledge about health and make sure they eat healthily. |
| C．To give students more knowledge about science and make their study better. |
| D．To give students more knowledge about accidents and make them run away. |
| A．Car accidents kill the most elementary and middle school students of all accidents. |
| B．When there’s a fire, you should use cloth to cover your mouth and nose. |
| C．If you fall down in a moving crowd, you can do nothing but wait there. |
| D．When an earthquake happens, you should stay near buildings or trees. |
| A．Be afraid of accidents | B．The earthquake is coming |
| C．Run away from accidents | D．How to protect yourself |
| A．The changes of fires. | B．The reasons of accidents. |
| C．Sports injuries. | D．The bad side of smoking. |
10 . Bullying (欺凌) can take a variety of forms, from words — being made fun of or called hurtful names — to actions — being kicked or pushed — as well as indirect forms, such as being excluded from social groups. Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed.
Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying.
| A．It should be an addition to policy work. |
| B．Other actions can be taken to support the policy. |
| C．The reduction in bullying is surely a worthwhile goal. |
| D．Perhaps as a result, schools would often deny the problem. |
| E．Evidence suggests that a key step is to develop a policy on bullying. |
| F．Thus it will be extremely difficult to tell bullying from playful fighting. |
| G．In extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though this is thankfully rare. |
