1 . Arthur Muir, a 75-year-old retired lawyer from Chicago, became the oldest American to ever conquer Everest, the world's tallest mountain top. He _________ the record set by Bill Burke, who was 72 years old when climbing Everest. The most _________ thing is that he had only started mountaineering seven years ago.

Muir had been _________ with mountain climbing ever since his father gave him a book about the Himalayas when he was a child, and that fascination only _________ when Barry Bishop, a legendary climber of Everest, visited him in 1964. _________ he never followed his dream of picking up mountaineering until a friend _________ him to do so seven years ago. Once he did, he couldn't stop his steps of _________ his dream.

Muir cut his mountaineering teeth on mountains in South America and Alaska, before finally _________ the challenge he had been dreaming of his whole life.

In 2019, Arthur Muir set out to conquer Everest, but his attempt ended in _________ after he injured his ankle __________ falling down from a ladder during his climb. Last year, he made __________ attempt and got his name into the history books.

“By the time I got to the top, I was so __________ that I didn't really absorb what was happening around me. Frankly speaking, I was worrying about whether I had the energy to get down __________ ,” said Muir.

Though Muir currently has no idea how he'll top this __________, it's safe to say he hasn't decided to stop climbing yet. After all, nothing is impossible for a __________ heart.

1.

A．held

B．broke

C．witnessed

D．preserved

2.

A．unpredictable

B．unacceptable

C．unbelievable

D．unreasonable

3.

A．fascinated

B．faced

C．content

D．patient

4.

A．grew

B．spread

C．appeared

D．gathered

5.

A．Therefore

B．Moreover

C．However

D．Otherwise

6.

A．forced

B．warned

C．reminded

D．persuaded

7.

A．discovering

B．following

C．receiving

D．observing

8.

A．putting on

B．getting on

C．taking on

D．turning on

9.

A．success

B．conflict

C．celebration

D．failure

10.

A．at the sight of

B．in terms of

C．as a result of

D．on the point of

11.

A．other

B．another

C．the others

D．each other

12.

A．excited

B．relaxed

C．frightened

D．curious

13.

A．cautiously

B．casually

C．skillfully

D．safely

14.

A．achievement

B．competition

C．struggle

D．intention

15.

A．kind

B．willing

C．broken

D．stony

2 . The UK’s planned ban on sales of new petrol, diesel (柴油) or hybrid (混合动力) cars could start as early as 2032, Transport Secretary Grant Shapps has said. Last week, the government raised industry concern after bringing the date forward from 2040 to 2035 in order to hit zero-carbon emission targets. But Mr. Shapps told BBC Radio 5 live it would happen by 2035, “or even 2032,” adding there would be consultation.

The main car trade body had previously said the 2035 figure was “concerning”.

The government is setting out its proposals in a United Nations climate summit in November. A Department for Transport spokesperson said, “We are consulting on a range of possible dates to bring forward the end to the sale of petrol and diesel cars.”

“The proposal for this is 2035 — or earlier if a faster transition appears reasonable — as well as including hybrids for the first time.” The UK has set a target of emitting zero carbon by 2050. Experts warned that the original target date of 2040 would still leave old conventional cars on the roads 10 years later. Once the ban comes into effect, only electric cars will be available. Hybrid vehicles are now included in the proposals, which were originally announced in July 2017.

Despite this, Royal Automobile club spokesman Simon Williams said, “While the government appears to be constantly moving forward for ending the sale of new petrol, diesel and hybrid vehicles, drivers should not be worried about choosing a hybrid car now.” “They are potentially the perfect stepping stone for those who want to go electric but have concerns about range (续航), as they aren’t as expensive as a battery electric vehicle. At the moment, they give drivers the best of both worlds.”

How attached are British people to their petrol vehicles? How long until conventional cars go the way of steam engine cars and horse coaches?

1. What is the car industry's attitude towards the ban on the sale of conventional cars?

A．Ambiguous.

B．Indifferent.

C．Worried.

D．Approving.

2. Why does the UK propose to ban the sale of conventional cars before 2040?

A．To remove the concern of main car trade body.

B．To hold back the development of pure battery electric cars.

C．To hold a United Nations climate summit in November.

D．To meet the zero carbon emission target as planned.

3. What is Simon's opinion when people face the ban of conventional cars?

A．It's still a wise choice to choose a hybrid car nowadays.

B．Battery electric cars should be widely used immediately.

C．Drivers should consider about range when choosing a car.

D．People should abandon petrol vehicles as soon as possible.

4. What can we infer about the conventional cars from the last paragraph?

A．They will fall out of use some day.	B．They are as important as horse coaches.
C．They will remain as a family necessity.	D．They may increase your daily expenses.

3 . The seeds of what we are meant to do may have been sown in our childhood. I grew up in Chennai, India in a home surrounded by books. I recall my mother telling me that when I was read to as a child, I knew exactly where one sentence ended and the next one began!

One book that had a significant impact on me as a child was called “31 Brothers and Sisters” that related the story of an African girl who goes on an elephant hunt, a traditionally male sport. What struck me was this girl was challenging traditional standards of behavior in a society that was not happy with women expressing independence — and the fact that this girl had black hair like me and was also dark-skinned.

I also had the opportunity to attend an unusual school that encouraged creative thinking. Here, I was encouraged by a few teachers who noticed my writing skills. However, English was actually my least favorite subject because we had to write on canned topics and there was no room for creativity.

I have written three books so far. My first book, “Climbing the Stairs” was inspired by my mother's experiences growing up as a teenager during the Second World War. The book deals with the struggles of a teenage girl at a time when women were treated as second-class citizens in society. My second book, “Island's End” is based on my own experiences as an oceanographer and working in the remote Andaman Islands, off the coast of India. “The Bridge Home” is a story of friendship among four street kids and loosely based on three kids I knew growing up. Each of the three books is inspired by my own experiences, what I have read and people around me.

My message to young writers is not to rush into writing or get too concerned with material rewards. In today's world, there's often too much of an emphasis on awards and honors, which no writer can control. Those are largely a matter of luck. Write for yourself and just enjoy the process.

1. What impressed the author in “31 Brothers and Sisters”?

A．The African girl's respect for her cousins.	B．The African girl's fight for independence.
C．The African girl's commitment to hunting.	D．The African girl's concern about her appearance.

2. What does the underlined word “canned” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Imaginary.

B．Fixed.

C．Typical.

D．Financial.

3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The plots of her books.	B．The settings of her books.
C．The characters in her books.	D．The inspiration for her books.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A．An autobiography.

B．A fiction.

C．A book review.

D．A leaflet.

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。

On Saturday, Mum went to visit her friends in the city. Ollie, Dad and I went to do the shopping. The car park at the supermarket was very full; there was even a line for the barbecue out the front. Ollie and I complained-we guessed it would be really busy inside. This was not our idea of a fun way to spend the weekend. Dad promised us a hot dog on the way back if we helped him.

Seeing it was packed like sardines in a tin, Dad shook his head at the crowds when we got inside.

The whole town must have picked that morning to do their shopping. Every checkout was full of trolleys. Traffic jams were everywhere, and you could see the supermarket staff busy, running around. Bells sounded. Babies cried. People shouted. This was going to be hard work.

Dad told us we would need to do this smartly if we wanted to get out alive. We needed to work together. Ollie pushed the trolley; I checked the list; Dad would do the running and grabbing. He nodded at us and I knew the battle had started.

Ollie ran off ahead with the noisy trolley and headed for the fruit and vegetables. I chased after him with the list. After crazy panic buying, we were at the checkout, remarking how delicious this food would be when cooked into a roast dinner.

So far, so good. We might have been stuck behind a family with a cart filled to the top, a man with a lot of frozen dinners, and an old couple who moved slowly, but at least we'd made it. Dad picked up a magazine to read while waiting.

We finally got to the front. Dad stood in line, and we went to buy our hot dogs. Satisfied, we went home. But it was when we got the shopping bags into the house that I noticed that something was wrong: one of the bags was not ours. It would be impossible to go back to find our original bag.

注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:

Disappointed but curious, Ollie and I opened the mistaken bag.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:

It struck us that we could still take advantage of the mistaken bag.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . An Ohio man is now the ________ parent of five brothers and sisters who were separated in different foster homes（收养家庭）.

Robert Carter of Cincinnati ________ Marionna, 10, Robert, 9, Makayla, 8, Giovanni, 5, and Kiontae, 4. He was ________ to keep the children together.

"I wasn't with my siblings（兄弟姐妹）. After my youngest brother turned 2, I didn't see him again ________ he was 16." Carter said. Carter is the third oldest of nine children. At 12, he was ________ in foster care as well. Carter said his experience made him want to ________ children with a safe home.

Carter became a ________ foster parent permitted by the government in 2017. In December 2018, the three boys, Robert, Giovanni and Kiontae, came into his ________ . Later, Marionna and Makayla joined.

"Once I ________ they had sisters, I started advising to visit them." Carter said. The siblings were ________ after not seeing each other for six months.

"Mr. Carter was the only foster parent willing and able to adopt all of the children." said Barton, an adoption worker, "His childhood background has made him ________ of the importance of keeping siblings together. He says that he ________ being their father. His life is busy, with a lot of love, ________ and happiness."

With all the ________ his family's story is getting, he wants people to know how important fostering and adoption are.

"As long as you have the means and love to give to kids, ________ , anybody can do it." said Carter.

1.

A．desperate

B．sensitive

C．tough

D．proud

2.

A．educated

B．promoted

C．adopted

D．accompanied

3.

A．determined

B．reduced

C．adjusted

D．addicted

4.

A．after

B．until

C．since

D．while

5.

A．trapped

B．placed

C．occupied

D．absorbed

6.

A．give

B．treat

C．provide

D．equip

7.

A．heartbroken

B．considerate

C．adorable

D．licensed

8.

A．care

B．rescue

C．instruction

D．career

9.

A．found out

B．put out

C．handed out

D．gave out

10.

A．recovered

B．refused

C．reunited

D．returned

11.

A．guilty

B．aware

C．capable

D．suspicious

12.

A．permits

B．endures

C．imagines

D．enjoys

13.

A．dilemma

B．laughter

C．reputation

D．pressure

14.

A．relation

B．sufferings

C．attention

D．confidence

15.

A．undoubtedly

B．unlikely

C．unusually

D．uncertainly

6 . Space travelers face a number of health risks. Astronauts have reported loss of bones and muscle and some even have developed immune disorders and heart problems. A new study finds that energy-producing new structures in cells might be to blame for many of these problems.

A systems biologist, Afshin Beheshti, who studies how different parts of the body work together, also a member of a team of researchers that want to know how spaceflight might affect cells and tissues, notes, "It's a basic question."

The team looked at NASA GeneLab's collection of data from past space biology experiments and studied cells and tissues from mice and people and compared space travelers with others that had remained on Earth.

"The idea is not only to look at one type of chemical," Beheshti says. Rather, they wanted to "look at the living system as a whole". And in doing that, they found a common theme. After some time in space, mitochondria, the energy powerhouses of cells, often didn't work as well as they should.

Those findings are consistent with samples from NASA's Twin Study. Before retiring, astronaut Scott Kelly spent nearly a year aboard the International Space Station. His twin, Mark remained on the ground. Afterward, blood samples from the two showed different mitochondrial activities.

For the latest study, Beheshti and his team studied GeneLab data for many types of cells and tissues. Another focus was related to metabolism. That process includes a mix of chemical activities that supports life in cells, organs and the whole body.

Damage to mitochondria may be a common factor in spaceflight health risks, the team now concludes. Finding similar changes in so many astronauts indeed points to some general effect, agrees Michael Snyder, a systems biologist at Stanford University in California, who worked on Scott and Mark Kelly's Twin Study but was not part of the new analysis. If mitochondria are the cause, dealing with problems of them could help protect future astronauts. Some diseases cause mitochondrial defects, Dealing with such diseases in different ways may help reduce astronauts' health risks. Future studies could test if existing drugs prevent mitochondrial problems in cells, animals and people on long deep-space travels.

1. What might cause astronauts to have health problems according to the new study?

A．Temperature difference.

B．Heart cell increase

C．Tiring work.

D．Cell problems.

2. Which method did Beheshti's team employ to do the research?

A．They referred to some existing information.

B．They did all kinds of tests on astronaut Scott Kelly.

C．They followed some astronauts for many years.

D．They observed behaviors of astronauts in person

3. What may contribute to the decrease of astronauts' health risks?

A．Taking medicine to treat certain diseases.	B．Performing fewer long deep-space travels
C．Letting new structure in cells grow quickly	D．Making astronauts eat as healthily as possible.

4. What's the main idea of the text?

A．Astronauts face great danger in the space station.

B．Space travels are really dangerous to astronauts' health

C．Scientists have found ways to reduce astronauts' health risks.

D．Space travels may harm health by damaging mitochondria

7 . "Christmas won't be Christmas without any presents," said Jo disappointedly.

"It's so awful to be poor!" agreed Meg, looking at her old dress.

"It's not right for some girls to have pretty things, and others to have nothing at all," said little Amy.

"We've got Father and Mother, and each other," said Beth gently.

The four young faces round the fire cheered up as they thought of this, but then Jo said sadly, "We haven't got Father, and we won't have him for a long time." She didn't say "perhaps never", but each silently thought it, remembering that he was away at the war in the South.

Then Meg said, "Mother says we shouldn't spend money on presents when our men are fighting a war."

"We can't expect anything from Mother or each other," said Jo, "but we only have a dollar each. Let's each buy ourselves what we want and have a little fun. We work hard to earn it."

"I do, teaching those awful children," said Meg.

"What about me?" said Jo. "I'm shut up all day working for a terrible old lady, who gives me different orders every five seconds!"

"I think washing cups and plates and keeping things tidy is the worst work in the world," said Beth. "My hands get too tired to play my music."

"I have to go to school with girls who laugh at my dresses and say cruel things because my father isn't rich," said Amy.

Meg was sixteen and very pretty, with large eyes and soft brown hair, and white hands. Fifteen-year-old Jo was very tall and thin. Beth was thirteen, a very shy girl who seemed to live in a happy world of her own. Amy was the youngest but thought herself to be the most important.

At six o'clock, Beth put a pair of slippers by the fire to warm and Meg lit the lamp.

“These are old," Jo said. "Mother needs a new pair.”

“I'll get her some," said Beth. "No, I shall!" cried Amy. "I'm the oldest!" began Meg. “I'm the man of the family now. Father is away, and I shall buy them," said Jo. "Let's each get her something and not get anything for ourselves," said Beth. "That's a kind idea!" said Jo.

1. Why were the girls unhappy at the beginning of the story?

A．They couldn't have decent presents.	B．They had to work hard to make money.
C．Their father had just died in the South.	D．Their mother abandoned them for the war.

2. What can we know about the girls according to their own descriptions?

A．Jo was getting well with the old lady.	B．Meg enjoyed being a school teacher.
C．Beth preferred playing music to washing.	D．Amy didn't care about her appearance.

3. Which of the following can best describe Jo?

A．Tolerant and curious.	B．Selfless and responsible.
C．Sensitive and humorous.	D．mean and unconcerned.

4. What may the girls decide to do in the end of this part?

A．They may quit their job so as to support the family.

B．They may use their money to buy themselves favorite presents.

C．They may use their own money to buy presents for their mother.

D．They may pretend to be the boys to fight with their father at the war.

8 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

After 20 years as a full-time wife and mother, I decided to be a school bus driver for I loved kids. When I think about my years of bus driving, many things crowd in, but mostly, I remember Charlie.

Charlie, eight years old, with blond hair and crystalline gray eyes, began riding my bus in September of my fourth year driving. They all had stories to tell me about their summers. Charlie, though, ignored me. He didn’t even answer when I asked his name.

From that day on, Charlie was a trial. If a fight broke out, I didn’t have to turn my head to know who had started it. If a girl was crying, chances were Charlie had pulled her hair. No matter how I spoke to him, gently or firmly, he wouldn’t say a word. He’d just stare at me with those big gray eyes of his.

I later found out Charlie’s father was dead and he didn’t live with his mother. He deserves my patience, I thought. To my cheery “Good Morning”, he was silent. When I wished him a happy Halloween, he sneered (冷笑). Still I was sure that this child needed to feel some warmth from me. So, when he’d pass by, I’d pat him on the arm or sometimes gave him a hug.

Toward the end of that year, the kids on my bus gave me a small trophy inscribed (刻) “To the Best Bus Driver Ever”. I propped it up on the dashboard (仪表盘). On top I hung a small tin heart that a little girl had given me. In red paint she had written, “I love Polly and Polly loves me.”

The next day, I was delayed a few minutes talking to the principal. When I got on the bus I realized that the tin heart was gone. “Does anyone know what happened to the little heart that was up here?” I asked. For once with 39 children, there was silence.

One boy piped up, “Charlie was the first one on the bus. I bet he took it.” Other children joined the chorus, “Yeah! Charlie did it! Search him!”

I asked Charlie to come forward, stuck my hand into his pocket and immediately I felt it—the small tin heart. Charlie stared at me and seemed to be waiting for what he’d come to expect from the world. I was about to pull out the tin heart when I stopped myself. Let him keep it, a voice seemed to whisper.

“It must have fallen off before I got here,” I said to the kids. “I’ll probably find it back at the depot.” Without a word, Charlie returned to his seat. When he got off at his stop, he didn’t glance at me as usual.

That summer Charlie moved away.

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
3. 请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1:
A dozen years after my retirement I was in a department store, when someone said, “Polly?”
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
That night I thought over his words.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . There is one thing that can be easily learned and can have a great effect on the lives of your children or students. It is _________ the “Growth Mindset”.

In a series of _________, Carol Dweck, a researcher at Stanford University, divided students into two _________ and gave them relatively _________ math tests. After the students did well on the tests, half of them were praised for being naturally clever or _________, and half were praised for working hard.

After those _________, they were given harder math tests. The ones who were praised for working hard performed dramatically better on the more difficult exams. Students who were praised for _________ quickly adopted what Dweck called “Growth Mindset”. When they faced more difficult problems, they thought hard work got them this far, so they just _________ to work a bit harder and they would figure out these questions too.

Students who were praised for being clever acted _________. They thought perhaps they were not that clever after all. So they quickly __________. They developed the dangerous habit of __________ any situation where they might be wrong and __________ something new.

So if you are a parent or __________, praise efforts rather than innate (先天的) abilities. And for yourself—owe your own __________ to efforts rather than innate abilities. Really __________ that your success is a result of your efforts rather than purely some innate gifts.

1.

A．blessed

B．called

C．spared

D．proved

2.

A．experiments

B．meetings

C．fortunes

D．changes

3.

A．groups

B．lines

C．families

D．communities

4.

A．short

B．easy

C．valuable

D．strange

5.

A．accustomed

B．grown

C．gifted

D．determined

6.

A．developments

B．interviews

C．journeys

D．conversations

7.

A．courage

B．patience

C．efforts

D．victories

8.

A．needed

B．agreed

C．pretended

D．helped

9.

A．frequently

B．differently

C．calmly

D．eagerly

10.

A．turned up

B．stood out

C．gave up

D．broke down

11.

A．seeking

B．observing

C．forgetting

D．avoiding

12.

A．learn

B．select

C．adjust

D．use

13.

A．doctor

B．researcher

C．teacher

D．kid

14.

A．freedom

B．chance

C．success

D．strength

15.

A．predict

B．believe

C．guess

D．imagine

10 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。

Lesley bought a computer for the whole family to use a year ago, never thinking that it would lead to her sixteen-year-olds on becoming addicted to playing games.

Glen was playing computer games for increasing amounts of time and gradually he hardly left his seat. Lesley tried to restrict his game time, but this only seemed to fuel his addiction further.

Among his games there was one he especially liked. In it he would design his own world as he wanted it to be.

Although desperate, Lesley never gave upon finding a way to help the teen struggling with this gaming addiction. She decided to take Glen on a trip to his grandfather’s, who owned a big farm. Glen was unwilling to leave his game, but he knew it was not a good idea to go against his parents this time. They reached the airport in the late afternoon. Grandparents drove them up to their farm. They were all packed in the car, with adults chatting and laughing, but Glen felt lonely. Looking out of the window, he was attracted by the amazing scenery. The water was blue and sunlight glittered on its clear surface and the meadow flowed like a sea of green. He couldn’t help thinking of the world he would have designed in his computer game.

After settling down, Glen shut himself in his room. Except dinners, he refused to come out of his room and remained there all day. Sometimes, he stood by the window, staring at the peaceful garden his Grandparents made. However, one night, drops of water from the ceiling, dripping on his face, made him wakeup. Seeing the room was dark, he sensed something terrible. He dashed to the window. Shocked at what he saw, he realized a big rainstorm had just ended. He stood with his nose pressed against the glass, spotting his family struggling to clear the mess in the dim light. Thinking of the efforts his grandparents had made in the garden, their own world, Glen knew what he must do and went out of his room immediately.

注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
2.续写部分分两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:

He came over to them.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:

At that moment, he realized there was something more meaningful in life.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________