1 . Yesterday, I was standing in line at a store and the song Please Come to Boston which was quite popular when I was in high school, came on in the background. I hadn’t heard it for years. Suddenly, I was overcome by flashbacks of people and places linked to that song from earlier stages of my life.

It seems people tend to be extremely nostalgic (怀旧的) about the music they listened to when they were young. Psychological research has shown that autobiographical memories (life experiences) from certain time periods are remembered better than others. One obvious phenomenon is the “reminiscence bump” (记忆隆起): the fact that people tend to recall memories from when they were 10 to 30 years old much better. That’s because this period contains many novel and self-defining life experiences such as graduation and marriage. Biological changes may also boost the effectiveness of our memories from this period.

In our experiment, we investigated the presence of the “musical reminiscence bump” in a group of 470 adults aged 18 to 82. Our aim was to examine how a person’s age when a song was popular affected three related but distinct concepts: the degree to which the song was associated with autobiographical memories, how familiar the song was and how much they liked the song. Participants were shown the titles and artists of 111 pop songs that had featured in the charts across a 65-year period (1950~2015). After a given time, they were asked to complete the measurement.

We discovered music during one’s adolescence was rated as more familiar. In addition, we found some songs were preferred regardless of a participant’s age. For instance, we saw a general increase in how much people liked songs from the late 1970s to early 1980s, even in participants who weren’t yet born during that time period. Examples of songs we used from this time period include Hotel California by the Eagles.

Music can undeniably cause nostalgia. For example, advertisers want to elicit (引出) a nostalgic reaction from a certain group of consumers. And they should notice doctors who aim to reconnect patients suffering from memory loss with self-defining memories from their pasts can also take advantage of nostalgia.

1. What does the author want to imply through his own experience at a store?

A．His taste for music in high school.

B．His way of killing the boring queuing time.

C．The link between sales and background music.

D．Music’s ability to waken memories from the past.

2. What can be concluded about the reminiscence bump?

A．It helps improve our childhood memories)

B．It still remains a mystery to modern science.

C．Events occurring during it are more memorable.

D．It explains why some have a better memory than others.

3. What were participants required to do in the study?

A．Make a list of their favorite songs and artists.

B．Provide ratings of three music-related questions.

C．Learn to sing some songs released in the past 65 years.

D．Compare the features of pop songs from different periods.

4. What did the researchers find in their experiment?

A．The Eagles were a representative band in the late 20th century.

B．Pop music stars’ adolescence had a great impact on their works.

C．The late 1970s and early 1980s were the peak of music creation.

D．Pop music from certain time periods was favored by different generations.

5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Musical nostalgia has practical applications in life.

B．All doctors are responsible for treating nostalgia.

C．Too much nostalgia may lead to memory loss to a degree.

D．Advertisers are good at analyzing consumers’ musical tastes.

2 . To save the environment, we must all join in — and nobody knows this better than 70-year-old grandmother Pat Smith who spent 2018 cleaning up litter from 52 beaches in Cornwall on the United Kingdom’s south coast.

Smith set out in January, 2018 to carry out her New Year’s resolution of making her community a better and cleaner place. The ambitious goal came to her after she watched a documentary on plastic pollution the previous year, and she knew she couldn’t just sit by.

Often, volunteers would join her in her efforts, including her grandchildren, or she would join hands with other campaigners such as Wayne Dixon, who is walking around the UK coast as an ambassador for Keep Britain Tidy.

During her beach cleans, Smith was sometimes mistaken for doing community service! She said, “People don’t understand I’ve been doing this voluntarily. We should all take responsibility for picking up the litter as well as ensuring we don’t drop litter in the first place.

Even before her beach cleanups, Smith had begun her first environmental campaign to eliminate plastic straws (吸管) in her city of Cornwall . To date, she has encouraged 600 local companies to stop using unnecessary plastic. In an effort to make her hometown an example for the plastic-free movement in the United Kingdom, she founded The Final Straw Cornwall in the summer of 2017. “I founded the Final Straw to try and raise awareness of the disastrous damage we are doing to our oceans from our casual consumption of single-use plastics. I feel I have a responsibility to my children and grandchildren to do something about it.” She said.

Her resolution year may be over but this environmentally conscious grandma continues her quest (追求). “A lot of the rubbish I’ve picked up consists of everyday items,” said Smith. “These things are used by all of us and it is shocking to find them polluting our beautiful beaches. Please let’s try to be more thoughtful in this coming year. I’m driven to try and protect our living planet for my children and grandchildren and I will continue to do everything in my power to achieve that.”

1. What led to Smith’s New Year’s resolution of cleaning her community?

A．Community service.

B．A film or television program.

C．Various ocean protection campaigns.

D．Serious pollution in her community.

2. What’s people’s misunderstanding about Smith’s action?

A．She was forced to do that.

B．She just pretended to be caring.

C．She actually did only a little work.

D．She wouldn’t stick to the work for long.

3. With her founding of The Final Straw Cornwall, Smith intended to ______.

A．set an example to other aged people

B．stop her local companies from producing plastic straws

C．keep her promise to her children and grandchildren

D．make people conscious of the plastic-related environmental problem

4. What opinion about environmental protection did Smith hold?

A．It’s everyone’s duty.

B．It’s as hard as people think.

C．Prevention is more important than protection.

D．The younger generation don’t care about it enough.

5. Which of the following best describes Smith as an environmental activist?

A．Proud.

B．Happy.

C．Stressed.

D．Determined.

3 . Team-building exercises have become popular for managers trying to increase organizational and team harmony and productivity. Unfortunately, many employees are angry about compulsory bonding and often regard these exercises as a nuisance (烦事).

A paper published this week by University of Sydney researchers in Social Networks has reported participants' feelings about team-building intervention (干预), revealing ethical implications in forcing employees to take part.

“Many people see team building activities as a waste of time, so we decided to look in more depth at what's behind this,” said the paper's lead researcher, Dr Peter Matous.

“Teams are formed, combined and restructured. Staff are relocated and office spaces redesigned. All this is done with the aim of improving workplace efficiency, collaboration and cohesion. But does any of this work?” said Dr Matous.

The study found that team-building exercises which focused on the sharing of and intervening into personal attitudes and relationships between team members were considered too rude and nosy (爱打听), although the researchers say some degree of openness and vulnerability (脆弱) is often necessary to make deep, effective connections with colleagues.

"Some participants were against team-building exercises because they were indirectly compulsory. They didn't welcome management's interest in their lives beyond their direct work performance," said Matous. "Many people don't want to be forced into having fun or making friends, especially not on top of their busy jobs. They feel management is being too nosy or trying to control their lives too much."

In this study the researchers recommended a self-disclosure (表露) approach where participants were guided through a series of questions that allowed them to increasingly disclose personal information and values. The method is well-tested and has been shown to increase interpersonal closeness. However, to be successful it must be voluntary.

The researchers said there are numerous schools of thought that propose differing psychological methods for strengthening relationships. “With caution, many relational methods to improve teams and organizations can be borrowed from other fields. The question is how to apply them effectively to strengthen an entire collective, which is more than just the sum of individual relationships,” said Dr Matous.

1. Why are many employees opposed to team-building exercises?

A．They consider such exercises annoying.

B．They deem these exercises counter-productive.

C．They see such exercises as harmful to harmony.

D．They find these exercises too demanding.

2. What did Dr Matous and his team do to find out whether team-building activities would improve productivity?

A．They relocated team leaders and their offices.

B．They rearranged the staff and office spaces.

C．They redesigned the staffs work schedules.

D．They reintroduced some cohesive activities.

3. What did the study by Matous’ team find about some team-building exercises?

A．They were intended to share personal attitudes and relationships.

B．They indirectly added to the vulnerability of team members.

C．They always strengthened connections among colleagues.

D．They were regarded as a violation of employees' privacy.

4. How can the self-disclosure approach succeed in increasing interpersonal closeness?

A．By allowing participants freedom to express themselves.

B．By applying it to employees who volunteer to participate.

C．By arranging in proper order the questions participants face.

D．By guiding employees through a series of steps in team building.

5. What does Matous think of the various psychological methods borrowed from other fields for strengthening relationships?

A．They must be used in combination for an entire collective.

B．They prioritize some psychological aspects over others.

C．They place too much stress on individual relationships.

D．They have to be applied cautiously to be effective.

4 . National Parks: Made for You and Me

·While the term “national park” is associated with images of the American West, there are national park units in every. U. S. state and territory. Together they welcome about 300 million visitors each year and span some 85 million acres, almost 55 million of which are in Alaska.

·There are more than 400 sites in the National Park System, though that includes far more than what we traditionally think of as “parks”, such as parkways and rivers, Strictly speaking, there are 63 national parks (California has the most, with nine), but there are also national historic parks, national military parks, and other designations. A few are thoroughly unique. Among them: the White House.

·The National Park Service (NPS) oversees all 400+ of these sites. But rules about what you can and cannot do in national parks differ from site to site. Activities that are prohibited at national parks, such as hunting and fishing, are allowed on some national preserves. Many national parks allow the scattering of ashes (the Grand Canyon is a notable exception); though, like Hitchcock, you need to obtain NPS permission. The same goes for couples who wish to marry inside a national park.

·Additions to the National Park System generally require acts of Congress, but the president can name new national monuments. Of the 63 national parks, only one is named after a president: Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota.

·It was another president who created the NPS in 1916; Woodrow Wilson Parks that predate (早于) the NPS include Yosemite in California and Mount Rainier in Washington. But Yellowstone, which turned 150 this year, was the world’s first national park. Today, more than 100 countries have national parks and preserves. The largest by area is in Greenland, though 97 percent of the Galapagos Islands is a national park.

1. Which state has the widest span of national parks in the USA?

A．California.

B．Alaska.

C．Washington.

D．North Dakota

2. Which of the following statements may be TRUE?

A．Rules about what you can and can’t do in different national parks vary.

B．All national parks prohibit hunting and fishing.

C．National parks don’t allow the scattering of ashes.

D．Couples can marry inside a national park.

3. National parks can be added to the National Park System ______.

A．after the approval of local residents

B．after the president names them

C．after the relevant acts of Congress are passed

D．after these parks meet some specific criteria

4. Which of the following is NOT a national park?

A．Yellowstone.

B．The White House.

C．The Grand Canyon.

D．Greenland.

5. Which of the following is the passage probably taken from?

A．An instruction book.

B．A university newspaper.

C．A magazine.

D．A student guide.

5 . Life’s journey can often be a lonely one without the comforting presence of companionship. While the significance of friendship is frequently praised, the true essence (本质) of being a genuine friend is often overlooked. A true friend is like family, and the bond you share is strong enough to stand the test of even long periods without talking. Then what contributes to true friendship?

Will Smith’s words, “If you’re absent during my struggle, don’t expect to be present during my success,” capture the essence of real friendship. We all face tough times, feeling depressed or even hopeless at times. A genuine friend stands by their companion through both the ups and downs of life. While it’s effortless to share joyous moments, friendship shines through during tough times. True friends do not abandon each other in times of trouble; instead, they face challenges together, providing mutual support even if it goes against their own interests.

True friends not only stand by you through thick and thin, but also offer constructive criticism when necessary. Oscar Wilde once said, “The truth is rarely pure and never simple,” highlighting how tough it can be to tell friends things they might not want to hear. While delivering criticism is never easy, a genuine friend is unafraid to point out mistakes or misguided paths. Giving constructive criticism, along with helpful advice, is a key part of true friendship. A true friend will speak up if they see you heading down a harmful path, even if it’s uncomfortable. The reluctance to speak up against a friend’s bad decision may lead to regret. As Wilde suggests, truth can be complex, but it’s important to express genuine concern. In a strong friendship, honest and caring advice weaves a web of trust and mutual growth.

In conclusion, the essence of true friendship lies in the willingness to sacrifice personal comfort for the benefit of a friend. Genuine friends are not fair-weather companions; they are present through highs and lows, and provide constructive criticism with care. To have even one true friend is a blessing that should be treasured. Let us strive to be true friends and, in turn, cherish the true friends we encounter on life’s journey.

1. In Paragraph 1, the author presents ______.

A．the essential nature of true friendship

B．the significance of family bonds over friendship

C．the challenges of maintaining lasting relationships

D．the contribution of personal qualities to true friendship

2. What can be learnt about true friendship from Paragraph 2?

A．It merely exists during moments of success.

B．It relies on criticizing friends during tough times.

C．It prioritizes personal interests over companionship.

D．It involves mutual support during both highs and lows.

3. The author develops his arguments through ______.

A．adopting proper exaggerations	B．employing famous quotes
C．sharing personal experiences	D．providing statistical evidence

4. What does the underlined part “fair-weather companions” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Friends who are always reliable and trustworthy.	B．Friends who offer constructive criticism with care.
C．Friends who only support you during good times.	D．Friends who show little interest in your success.

5. What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Better an honest enemy than a false friend.

B．Friendship is the only ship that never sinks.

C．Friendship is like money, easier made than kept.

D．Friends catch you when you fall and push you forward.

6 . Scholarships you can apply for from your phone

College is expensive. Luckily, increasing your odds of winning money for school doesn’t have to be difficult. So take out your smart phone and start earning more money towards your education.

1. The Redefine Black Scholarship

Deadline: August 5, 2024

Currently, words like “dirty” and “evil” are still used in dictionaries to define the word “black”. The words we choose matter, so it’s time to change them. It is a chance for you to learn how language affects perception (见解). Sign up for resources on www.dosomething.org for a chance to win $5,000.

2. The Law Offices Joel J. Kofsky Scholarship

Deadline: August 15, 2024

This firm is looking for a short video-just two to three minutes-on the topic of avoiding a car accident when driving, like texting while driving, or something more complex. Videos will be judged based on innovation, design and topic-related content. Sign up on www.phillyinjurylawyer.com. The first place winner will receive a scholarship of $1,500.

3. No Essay Scholarship

Deadline: September 30, 2024

The beauty of No Essay Scholarship is that it comes once a month and you can apply every single month. And the application is very easy. If you’re a high school senior or college student, you are bound to be qualified. Sign up on mdcriminalattorney.net. The first place winner will receive $500 towards their education.

4. VIP Voice Scholarship

Deadline: December 31, 2024

If you want a simple way to earn money for college, look no further than VIP Voice’s $5.000scholarship. To enter, all you have to do is to sign up on www.vipvoice.com and complete two short surveys. As you complete surveys, you’ll earn points. The more points you have, the better your chances of winning the contest.

1. What’s the purpose of the text?

A．To help students apply for colleges.

B．To describe requirements of four clubs.

C．To introduce four scholarship-winning programs.

D．To share the experience of winning scholarships.

2. If you are an English major, you are most likely to sign up for ______.

A．The Redefine Black Scholarship

B．The Law Offices Joel J. Kofsky Scholarship

C．No Essay Scholarship

D．VIP Voice Scholarship

3. Which of the following videos may win the scholarship offered by the law firm?

A．A 15-minute video about the causes of many accidents.

B．An eye-opening video about drunk driving.

C．A well-designed video about criminal law

D．A two-minute video about texting while walking.

4. About No Essay scholarship, we know that ______.

A．it chooses its winners in a strict way

B．it is only for high school students

C．it can be won several times a year

D．it takes a long time to apply for

5. What can we learn about VIP Voice Scholarship?

A．It is difficult for college students to win it.

B．It offers students more money than the other scholarships.

C．It asks students to complete three surveys before signing up.

D．It will be given to the applicant with the highest points.

7 . Many parents of both boys and girls have witnessed striking differences in the way their kids use technology, with their sons generally gravitating to videogames and their daughters often spending more of their screen time scrolling through social media. Emerging research indicates that brain differences between males and females help account for the split.

Marc Potenza, a professor at Yale University, teamed up with researchers at universities in China to find out why. Using functional MRIs, which measure brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow, the team studied neural responses in young male and female gamers, particularly in the parts of the brain associated with reward processing and craving --a motivating factor in addiction. When the men and women were shown photos of people playing videogames, those parts of the men’s brains showed higher levels of activation than those parts of the women’s brains.

Brain regions that have been implicated in drug-addiction studies also were shown to be more highly activated in the men after gaming. The researchers said the results suggest men could be more biologically prone (有倾向的) than women to developing internet gaming disorder.

But girls and women aren’t free from problems when it comes to digital media. Data from Pew shows that, in general, women use social platforms such as Facebook, Instagram and Pinterest far more than men. Many girls and women are drawn to those photo-sharing sites because they like to form bonds and find similarities, says Rosanna

Guadagno, a social psychologist at Stanford University. Some recent studies show that girls feel the ill effects of too much social media use, such as depression and anxiety, more than boys do.

Researchers at the University of Zurich looked at how differences in brain functioning can help explain why women tend to be more prosocial—that is, helpful, generous and cooperative—than men. In the 2017 study, they hypothesized that the areas of women’s brains related to reward processing are more active when they share rewards and that those areas in men are more active when receiving, selfish rewards. Brain scans conducted on men and women, in which they chose between receiving a monetary reward only for themselves or one that involved sharing money with others, supported their theory.

Scientists say understanding those differences is critical to parents’ ability to help kids navigate the fast-changing world of tech.

1. Boys and girls differ in the way they use technology in that _______.

A．boys like using technology while girls don’t

B．boys prefer photo-sharing sites to video games

C．girls use social platforms far more than boys

D．girls tend to suffer from the use of technology

2. Which is true about Professor Potenza’s research?

A．The team conducted the research in Yale university.

B．There were no changes in blood flow in female games.

C．Women’s brains showed higher levels of activation than men’s.

D．They focused on the brain’s responses to the part related to addiction.

3. Why do girls spend more time on social media?

A．Because they are afraid of developing internet gaming disorder.

B．Because using social media helps them drive away depression.

C．Because it functions as a way of establishing and keeping relations.

D．Because they are more active when exposed to social media.

4. The 2017 study is mentioned in the last but one paragraph to illustrate _______.

A．women are more likely to share money with others

B．men are more active when receiving selfish rewards

C．women are more helpful, generous and cooperative than men

D．women’s brain function influences their prosocial behaviors

5. What will the passage probably talk about next?

A．The importance of understanding these differences in brain.

B．The proper ways for teenagers to make use of technology .

C．The reasons why women are far more generous than men.

D．Other factors that might account for technology behavior.

8 . Back in high school, I loved nothing more than going bowling. From freshman to junior year, starting and leading my school’s bowling club helped me come out of my ________. As time went on, our team began winning local and even ________ tournaments. These victories not only ________ my popularity but also allowed me to form meaningful connections. Man, life was great back then.

Still the bowling memory that really stuck out to me was ________ I met Leroy. I was already a junior by then, and he was still a young freshman. The strange thing about it, ________, was how he would always ________ in the back, watching others play. ________ his regular presence, he seemed too nervous and shy to play or even talk with others.

Then one evening something remarkable happened. During a game, I ________ Leroy actually picking up a bowling ball for the first time. He ________ to lift the lightest ball up, and with each throw, the ball ________ in the gutter lane (边沟), resulting in straight zeroes across the board.

That’s, when I finally went over to say hi to Leroy. ________ to see me, Leroy nervously cracked a smile and murmured with ________, “I just can’t manage the ball...” Reassuringly, I responded, “It’s no big ________. Everyone was a green hand once.” My words seemed to ________ his tension, and in the following hours, he ________ as I taught him how to bowl step by step. From his words, I realized how ________ he had desired to join the bowling club and how lonely he felt without friends.

That was the beginning of our friendship. Since that night, playing together and sharing our life stories has become our weekly ________. I was delighted to see Leroy’s significant progress through ________ efforts. He was a fast learner and soon ________ a spot on the team. What’s more, Leroy gained confidence to try new things. It was through practising bowling that his brand new life journey ________. As bowling enthusiasts, we’ll always cherish the sincere friendship and get the ball rolling forever.

1.

A．way

B．zone

C．shell

D．place

2.

A．school

B．town

C．community

D．state

3.

A．boosted

B．affected

C．formed

D．enjoyed

4.

A．when

B．how

C．that

D．because

5.

A．instead

B．though

C．otherwise

D．rather

6.

A．hang out

B．turn over

C．show off

D．slip away

7.

A．Besides

B．Against

C．Despite

D．Beyond

8.

A．prevented

B．witnessed

C．suggested

D．imagined

9.

A．determined

B．struggled

C．desired

D．hesitated

10.

A．ended up

B．ran away

C．set off

D．turned out

11.

A．Disappointed

B．Relieved

C．Excited

D．Surprised

12.

A．confusion

B．embarrassment

C．eagerness

D．anger

13.

A．deal

B．matter

C．problem

D．mistake

14.

A．ease

B．increase

C．defeat

D．break

15.

A．held back

B．gave in

C．broke down

D．opened up

16.

A．helplessly

B．hopefully

C．desperately

D．thoroughly

17.

A．routine

B．meeting

C．experience

D．recreation

18.

A．temporary

B．consistent

C．subsequent

D．prosperous

19.

A．captured

B．seized

C．earned

D．found

20.

A．went along

B．started off

C．gave out

D．carried on

9 . 假设你是晨光国际中学的学生李津。在不久前举行的海棠花节活动中，你带领外国同学游览了五大道，和大家在五大道文创市集将亲手制作的手工艺品进行义卖并将所得捐给学校。请你根据以下内容提示向英文校报投稿：
(1)简要介绍海棠花节活动；
(2)描述义卖情况；
(3)表达对此次游览和义卖活动的感受。
注意： (1)字数不少于 100；
(2)题目已给出，不计入总词数；
(3)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：海棠花节 Crabapple Flower Festival   五大道 the Five Great Avenues   文创市集 cultural and creative market

A Memorable Experience at the Crabapple Flower Festival

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . How many times have you found yourself in conversations with friends, family members or loved ones and discovered that you had completely tuned out to what they were saying? How much of our attention are we truly giving to the people who are supposed to be important to us?

According to research cited by Wright State University, while most people believe they are good listeners who don’t need to improve their listening skills, the average person only listens at about 25 percent efficiency.

So why aren’t we better listeners? As a society, we may be growing more narcissistic (自我陶醉的). A 2007 study found a rise in self-centeredness and narcissism among college students. If we, as a culture, are becoming more self-centered, how can we, as individuals, work to become more caring and compassionate communicators?

We can begin by changing our attitudes toward conversations. As Stephen R. Covey wrote in The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change, “Most people do not listen with the intent to understand but to reply.” A dialogue is an opportunity to learn, to see things from a new perspective, to open your eyes to new information and possibilities. Yet, too often we engage in conversation as if it’s a debate. We speak to hear our own voices — our own pre-existing opinions. In doing so, we tend to space out when spoken to. We wait, perhaps even patiently or politely, for the other person to finish, so we can say something we feel is of value.

Playwright Wilson Mizner said, “A good listener is not only popular everywhere, but after a while, he knows something.” Listening doesn’t just expand our knowledge on an intellectual level; it enables us to have a more personal, in-depth understanding of our closest friends. Relationships are truly enriched by an equal back-and-forth exchange in communication. When these dynamics become more one-sided, we tend to lose interest and create distance in our friendships, with less trust established, less honesty exchanged.

Thankfully, we can all improve our listening skills. Maybe we aren’t as good a listener as we believe. Do we tend to focus too much on ourselves — both in positive and negative ways? Do we get distracted by an inner coach, rather than living in the moment and really engaging in what’s being said? As we learn to quiet that inner voice in our minds, we can start to open ourselves up to others, becoming better listeners, thinkers, lovers and friends.

1. What is the author’s purpose in showing the social phenomena in Paragraph 1?

A．To show most people are confident about their listening skills.

B．To express his concerns about people’s lack of attention when talking.

C．To introduce the fact that people have low efficiency of listening in life.

D．To provide some information about how people behave in conversation.

2. Why does the author cite the research data from the year 2007?

A．To prove college students have become more self-cenfered and narcissistic over time.

B．To show the belief in people’s listening skills is outdated and needs to be updated.

C．To provide an example of how society’s narcissism affects personal relationships.

D．To support the argument that society is becoming more self-centered and narcissistic.

3. Based on the views of Stephen R. Covey and Wilson Mizner, which of the following statements is true?

A．People should listen to learn and see things from a new perspective.

B．A good listener is popular but does not necessarily know everything.

C．Most people listen with the intention to understand, not to reply.

D．We should speak to hear our own voices and pre-existing opinions.

4. What does the underline phrase “space out” in Paragraph 4mean?

A．Become focused.	B．Feel confused.
C．Be absent-minded.	D．Remain anxious.

5. Which of the following titles best captures the main idea?

A．The Decline of Listening in Modern Society

B．Improving Listening Skills for Better Relationships

C．The Impact of Narcissism on Social Communication

D．Why We Should Listen More and Speak Less