1 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. activate       B. amounted       C. compared       D. energetic       E. guidelines       F. identify G. image       H. influenced       I. respects       J. review       K. substantial

Exercise Can Help Prevent Depression, Study Finds

How often do you exercise? A new     1     from researchers at the University of Cambridge shows that those who exercise are less likely to develop depression, even if they exercise less than the recommended amount.

The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that adults engage in 2.5 to 5 hours of moderate activity per week or one hour and 15 minutes to 2.5 hours of     2     aerobic (有氧的) exercise per week or some combination of the two.

Adults who took a walk for what     3     to 2.5 hours per week were less likely to develop depression than those who didn’t exercise at all, the study found. But even those who exercised less felt better than those who didn’t exercise at all, according to researchers. “In this study, a relatively small amount of physical activity were associated with a(n)     4     decrease in risks of depression,” the study says. The researchers analyzed 15 studies with nearly 200,000 participants. Those who did about half the recommended amount of physical activity per week had an 18% lower risk of depression     5     with adults who did not exercise, the study says. Participants who exercised the recommended amount had a 25% lower risk of depression than those who did not. Exercising more than the recommended amount hardly     6     depression risk, according to researchers.

Many     7     of exercise can lead to improved mental health. For example, working out can increase circulation (血液循环) to the brain and     8     the central nervous system, leading to what many refer to as a “runners high,” the study says. More exercise can also lead to improved physical health and a better body     9    , which can cause a person to be more social, researchers say.

Nearly 5% of adults in the U.S. report regular feelings of depression, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Among the study participants, researchers estimate that 1 in every 9 cases of depression might have been prevented had everyone met recommended exercise     10    , the study says.

2 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Why Ear-worms Get Stuck in Your Head

We all get a sensation when a song, for no apparent reason, refuses to leave your head — in fact we’re no strangers to the dreaded “ear-worm.” But a new study published in Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity and the Arts reveals a fascinating insight into ear-worms, and why some songs are better than others in sticking in our heads by investigating the actual elements of the song that make it catchy in the first place.

To do this, most frequent ear-worms of the participants were entered into a database and compared to songs that had never been reported as an ear-worm at all. The melodic features of the tunes were then analyzed, revealing that ear-worm tunes were typically those songs that have overall melodic shapes common in Western pop music. A classic example of a common contour (音调的升降曲线) pattern is heard in Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, where the first phrase rises in pitch and the second falls. This makes the tune easy to remember and has been exploited in many other nursery rhymes, but also in pop music.

In addition to the melodic shape, the other ingredient to the ear-worm formula is the unusual interval structure. The aim of this is to surpass the listener’s expectations of an average pop song, showing unexpected leaps or more repeated notes than usual. “Our findings show that you can, to some extent, predict which songs are going to get stuck in people’s heads based on the song’s melodic content,” says one of the researchers, “This could help song-writers or advertisers write a jingle (短歌) everyone will remember for days or months afterwards.”

The authors conclude that studies of ear-worms can help explain how the brain works, and improve our understanding in how perception, emotions, memory and spontaneous thoughts behave in different people.

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3 . Pricing is managers’ biggest marketing headache. It’s where they feel the most pressure to perform and the least certain that they are doing a good job. All successful pricing efforts share two qualities: The policy combines well with the company’s overall marketing strategy, and the process is well-organized as a whole.

A company’s pricing policy sends a message to the market—it gives customers an important sense of a company’s philosophy. Consider Saturn Corporation (a wholly owned company of General Motors). Saturn wants to let consumers know that it is friendly and easy to do business with. Part of this concept is conveyed through initiatives such as inviting customers to the factory to see where the cars are made and sponsoring evenings at the dealership that combine a social event with training on car maintenance. But Saturn’s pricing policy sends a strong message as well. Can a friendly, trusting relationship be established with customers if a salesperson uses all the negotiating tricks in the book to try to separate them from that last $100? Of course not. Saturn has a “no hassle, no haggle” policy which removes the possibility of conflicts between dealer and potential customer. Customers have an easier time buying a car knowing that the next person in the door won’t negotiate a better deal.

Of course, there are typically many participants in the pricing process: Accounting provides cost estimates; marketing communicates the pricing strategy; sales provides specific customer input; production sets supply boundaries; and finance establishes the requirements for the entire company’s financial health. Input from diverse sources is necessary. However, problems arise when the philosophy of wide participation is carried over to the price-setting process without strong coordinating mechanisms (协调机制). For example, if the marketing department sets list prices, the salespeople negotiate discounts in the field, the legal department adjusts prices if necessary to prevent breaking the laws or contractual agreements, and the people filling orders negotiate price adjustments for delays in shipment, everybody’s best intentions usually end up bringing about less than the best results. In fact, the company may actually lose money on some orders.

1. Why is it essential for a company’s pricing policy to combine with its overall marketing strategy?

A．To maximize possible returns and profits.

B．To maintain consistency in business operations.

C．To eliminate the need for diverse sales inputs.

D．To attract customers to social events and trainings.

2. What does Saturn’s “no hassle, no haggle” policy (paragraph 2) most probably mean?

A．Saturn trains its dealers to treat customers sincerely.

B．Saturn offers discounts to some loyal customers.

C．Saturn cars are at least $100 cheaper than other cars.

D．Saturn cars are sold at fixed, non-negotiable prices.

3. What can be inferred from the wide participation in the pricing process?

A．Decision making requires gathering comprehensive information.

B．The coordinating mechanism won’t work without a lot of input.

C．Potential customers are easily upset at any stage of the process.

D．The company loses money unless everyone intends for the best.

4. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A．The art of coordinating pricing processes

B．The best sales negotiation techniques

C．Getting one step closer toward better pricing

D．Maximizing profits through pricing policies

4 . Guided Desert Adventure
Typical desert activities like sandboarding, dune bashing and quad biking

With this tour, you’ll have half a day of adventure activities in the desert.

You’ll start your tour by driving to a scenic spot on the top of a tall sand dune (沙丘) for a chance to take photos of the area. On top of a sand dune, you’ll have the chance to slide down the side by sandboarding. From here, you’ll get ready for hitting some dunes in a four-wheel drive vehicle. Next, you’ll hop on a quad bike and have time to drive around the desert in the open air. Finally, you’ll have a camel ride around a small part of the desert.

What’s included

Pickup and drop-off

20 minutes of sandboarding

35 minutes of dune bashing

25 minutes of quad biking

10-minute camel ride

Water and soft drinks

A drive through a camel farm

Additional information

Requires a high level of physical fitness.

Not suitable for children between 0 and 5.

Children under 18 must be accompanied by an adult.

Tours starting after noon include a BBQ dinner with sweets and fruits, which costs an additional US$ 45/person only.

1. What kind of experiences can participants expect from this trip?

A．Taking a sand bathing on the top of a sand dune.

B．Exploring the expansive desert freely on a camel ride.

C．An exciting day adventure filled with diverse activities.

D．Capturing the breathtaking desert landscape with a camera.

2. How much does a group of four university students need to pay for taking the 14:00 tour?

A．US$ 180.

B．US$ 220.

C．US$ 265.

D．US$ 400.

3. Which of the following is most likely to be a review from a former participant of the tour?

A．The show was great! I highly recommend!

B．It was a lot of fun and I enjoyed every minute of it.

C．The place is cool, easy to find and get to with metro.

D．Arrive early for tickets to avoid a long queue.

5 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones

“Please, no flash photography.”

Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of     1     they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places     2     people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least.

The patent,     3     (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command     4     (block) the user from taking any photos or videos.

Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows     5     they object to the free footage circulating around the web.     6     this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent     7     (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.

But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to     8     with more immoral intentions.

Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just     9     (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid     10     (use) the prohibitive software.

6 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。1.

A．Raising funds to film the X-Files TV series.

B．Switching from an academic path to acting.

C．Giving up the hard-won position of a doctor.

D．Rejecting the offers from the Ivy League.

2.

A．Being thoughtful and somewhat of a loner.	B．Having a scientific approach to life.
C．Enjoying risky adventures.	D．Being overly optimistic.

3.

A．He didn’t go to college.	B．He is serious and focused.
C．He doesn’t believe in UFOs.	D．He suffered a lot from his divorce.

4.

A．You will grow stronger by overcoming challenges.

B．You are not supposed to blame others even if you are hurt.

C．You can’t prevent others hurting you from time to time.

D．You will become powerful if driven by your desires.

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．A mysterious code.	B．A theory of personality types.
C．A personality type.	D．A test to identify one’s personality.

2.

A．To judge an individual’s abilities.	B．To identify abnormality.
C．To help people understand themselves.	D．To help settle workplace conflicts.

3.

A．Whether it can promote work efficiency.

B．Whether it can serve its intended purpose.

C．Whether it can promote the publication of studies.

D．Whether it can show people’s psychological status.

8 . The young lead new trends in consumption market

With the post-1990 generation becoming a vibrant (充满活力的) force in society and the post-2000 generation gradually entering the workforce, the purchasing power of the new generation of consumers has been steadily growing.

    1     Growing up in the internet era, the young consumers generally have higher education levels and a broader global outlook, and come from a relatively strong economic background. As such, their consumption behavior is different from that of the earlier generations.

In terms of consumption pattern, online shopping has become the top choice for young people. Young people not only comprise a comparatively high percentage of internet users but also tend to shop online.     2     This makes them easily influenced by product promotions and influencers on social media.

And yet a trend toward rational consumption has been growing rapidly over the past few years.     3     Instead, they focus more on product quality and functionality. They tend to compare products and services, and do some research before making purchasing decisions, in order to get the best out of their purchase. According to a study conducted by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily, 90.1 percent of the 1,000 young respondents said their consumption decision is based on the “spending where necessary and saving where possible” principle. Besides, young consumers seek more personalized and diversified products, reflecting their emotional needs and increasing sense of self-worth.     4    

When it comes to brand cognition, young consumers seem to favor domestic products. Thanks to information online, young consumers no longer blindly pursue foreign brands and instead prefer local brands, highlighting their confidence in Chinese-made products. From Li-Ning, Anta to Warrior shoes, domestic brands in various fields are being warmly welcomed by young consumers.

A．Young consumers no longer blindly chase trendy or luxury items.

B．They excel in using mobile devices and social media for getting information.

C．Their tendency to pay much leads to the development of products and services.

D．Their changing behaviors in consumption have promoted high-quality products.

E．In fact, young people are slowly becoming the main force in the consumer market.

F．They are willing to pay for products with unique features and innovative services.

9 . There is no known date for when the ancient Greeks or Romans first shared their stories about gods, monsters and heroes. But for the modern myth known as Star Wars, that date is May 25,1977, when the original movie opened in theaters and kicked off a global phenomenon that spanned films, TV shows, novels, comic books, toys, lunchboxes, bed sheets and more. Even today, Star Wars remains an enduring touchstone (检验标准) of pop culture. Critically praised or not, the movies continue to be a big hit.

And just as we know when the mythology began, we also know who invented it: writer-director George Lucas. His inspiration, he told TIME in 1977, was “all the books and films and comics that I liked when I was a child… My main reason for making it was to give young people an honest, wholesome fantasy life, the kind my generation had.”

No one could predict just how much Lucas’ creation would catch on — not even Lucas himself or the film’s star Mark Hamill, who played young hero Luke Skywalker. “I had no idea it would be as successful as it was,” Hamill said in 2017, marking the original film’s 40th anniversary. “I just thought I would be a fan of this even if I weren’t involved.”

Before Lucas created Star Wars, he had an even more ambitious goal — to blow up the ways of Old Hollywood. And he did. Star Wars introduced a new era of moviemaking, one that saw the development of amazing special effects and the tools to achieve them. After this legend, filmmakers felt free to bring their wildest ideas to life in totally realistic ways that left audiences thrilled.

Why did Star Wars become such a powerful force? Hamill credits its ability to satisfy the human need for escapism. “People value the idea of going away to some happy place,” he said, “whether it’s Oz or Narnia or Middle Earth or Hogwarts. I think it appeals to children of all ages. It doesn’t matter if you’re 6 or 60. It appeals to the optimistic young idealism that I think every person has, however buried it might be.”

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A．People should keep digging into the history of ancient myths.

B．More products associated with Star Wars have been created.

C．Some people’s criticism of Star Wars made it less popular than before.

D．Star Wars is more successful in the business field than in the entertainment field.

2. Why did George Lucas invent Star Wars?

A．To break the old rules and traditions of making films.

B．To appeal to the optimistic young men to pursue their dreams.

C．To encourage other filmmakers to bring their wild ideas to life.

D．To offer young people an as good and healthy fantasy life as he had.

3. Star Wars can have such a great influence mainly because ______.

A．it meets people’s pursuit for a place to escape

B．it symbolizes the beginning of the modern myth

C．the special effects offer amazing viewing experience

D．the main actors in this film are very popular among the public

4. This passage is written to ______.

A．inspire people to be optimistic and ideal

B．introduce the basic information about Star Wars

C．recommend the talented writer-director George Lucas

D．criticize the fact that Star Wars is not as well made as before

10 . Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

DNA analysis reveals two waves of migration

The results of the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed two major migration waves in history. In this pioneering study, scientists from Fudan University     1     (dig) into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province, revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over 12 centuries. The research employed ancient DNA data     2     (explore) human migration along the Hexi Corridor.

The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link     3     (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities     4     (found) along short rivers.

Historical documents attest (证实) to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads     5     Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade, religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty.

    6     technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data     7     the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang.

The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers (异常样本) dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further examination revealed one had approximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and       8     30 percent, suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men.

    9     the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations. Experts said the second major migration period       10     (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pool. Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from 138 BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road.