1 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Japan’s Seniors Discover New Way to Stay Young: Competitive Video-gaming

Sixty-six-year-old Atsuko Oyama shares a goal     1    (hold) by many people a half-century younger. She wants to get 100 kills in the first-person shooter video-game “Apex Legends.”

E-sports promoters who have seen Japan     2    (fall) behind powerhouses such as the U. S. in video-game competitions think the senior market     3     be the way to catch up. And if the over-65 set feels a little more energized after winning over a few rival warriors, so much the better.

Japan is the world’s oldest nation, and its efforts to boost the size of its younger population have been mostly unsuccessful. It is, however, at the forefront of initiatives     4     (keep) old people thinking younger.

Ms. Oyama,     5     player name is Mama, tried out for the team known as the Matagi Snipers after her daughter saw an ad asking for players. She now practices a couple of hours a day at home, sometimes going to acupuncture(针灸)to take care of her tired neck.

The Matagi Snipers, named for a traditional group of bear hunters in northern Japan,     6     (practice) since September at their home base in northern Akita prefecture.

    7     an average age of 68, the 14-person team hopes eventually to compete in professional tournaments in first-person shooter titles such as “Apex Legends,” from Electronic Arts Inc., and Epic Games Inc.’s “Fortnite.”

Before they can gun for prize money or monetize YouTube page views, they need to heed the guidance of coach Yoshito “Lemon” Suda, 28. Some members, to his surprise, didn’t know     8     to use a computer, let alone play a video-game.

“For the first month, it was more like a gathering of some good friends,” Mr. Suda said. “I had to give them a pep talk and tell them, ‘You’re not here for that. You’re going to be professional.’”

The members took it to heart, he said, and now he sees some online playing at midnight.

Mr. Suda begins each practice session with a lecture. After the lecture, it was time to play. Masashi “K” Shinoda, 69, was having a hard time     9    (sense) the presence of enemies.

Coach Lemon motivates his team by telling them age is an advantage. “There is a huge difference in social experience between people who have lived only 20 years versus 60 years,” he said. Younger players tend to be more violent     10     older players can communicate better and lean on teamwork.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。1.

A．Because she knew a lot of retired teachers.

B．Because she wanted to teach classes online.

C．Because she knew the program would be influential.

D．Because she wanted to help disadvantaged kids learn.

2.

A．Many Indian children organize their own learning.

B．One of the problems facing the school is communication by text.

C．Students must stay in the same group when working on a question.

D．Children are encouraged to think of their own questions in the project.

3.

A．That many retired teachers want to join the program.

B．That teachers should be good at using modern technology.

C．That students play a central role in their learning activities.

D．That there are many opportunities in the School in the Cloud.

4.

A．A TV program.	B．An educational project.
C．The role of retired teachers.	D．New technologies in education.

4 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．Because it is highly complex.

B．Because it is linked to our logical thinking.

C．Because it is the least understood of all our senses.

D．Because it affects the systems concerned with feelings.

2.

A．Up to 1,000.	B．Up to 10,000.
C．Less than 3.	D．Less than 10,000.

3.

A．By making them hungry.

B．By robbing them of an appetite.

C．By causing uncontrollable anger.

D．By making them aware of heavy traffic.

5 . 假设你是明启中学学生李华，你校英语报的“Voice”专栏经常就热门话题展开讨论。本期围绕以下现象：某个学龄前儿童经常在短视频中用上海方言和大家拉家常，点击量轻松过百万。请就秀娃短视频走红现象给专栏写信，谈谈家长这种行为是否妥当，并说明理由。
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6 . Southern long-finned pilot whales are marine mammals with a lot to say—and they may use vocalizations (发声) to outsmart a deadly enemy.

Cetaceans (鲸类动物) such as whales and dolphins communicate through sound to find food and mates, to navigate and to interact socially. Their vocalizations _________ between species and within communities. The animals can mimic (模仿) artificial noise such as sonar, but nobody had previously recorded them _________ other cetaceans’ sounds. A new study, however, found overlap in the cetacean sound book.

Researchers listened to 2,028 vocalizations of long-finned pilot whales off the coast of Australia, the first time sounds from the species in this region have been _________ described. They were surprised to hear 19 instances of vocalizations that resembled those of orcas—the whales’ oceanic _________. “We found some calls that are, to the human ear, _________ to the killer whale calls in the same area,” says Christine Erbe, an expert in Marine Science and Technology.

Pilot whales and orcas, the two largest species of cetaceans, are often seen in the same _________ and are similar sizes, and both live in social groups. Orcas compete for food with long-finned pilot whales and are _________ their predators (猎食者) .

_________ from orca stomachs shows they do occasionally eat pilot whales. But pilot whales can mob and chase orcas away, the only cetaceans seen _________ themselves from their predator in this way.

Mimicry could serve as an __________ defense: “One theory is that if they use similar sounds, they may not be recognized as prey,” Erbe says. Pilot whales hunting or eating orcas’ food remainders might go __________ if they use orca-like calls. “This is all underwater, where light travels really poorly,” she adds. “So these animals __________ sound for detecting their prey and predators and for navigating.” Long-finned pilot whales have shown an ability to __________ between orca calls with different meanings.

Additional work would __________ whether mimicry is actually occurring. Researchers could pair their listening data with direct observations of the animals’ interactions in the wild or perhaps even play orca sounds and watch the whales’ __________.

1.

A．range

B．vary

C．rise

D．drop

2.

A．distracting

B．separating

C．forecasting

D．matching

3.

A．critically

B．considerately

C．conveniently

D．comprehensively

4.

A．partners

B．species

C．enemies

D．mates

5.

A．identical

B．responsive

C．contrary

D．inferior

6.

A．boundaries

B．societies

C．environments

D．facilities

7.

A．initially

B．eventually

C．potentially

D．accidentally

8.

A．Motion

B．Emission

C．Conclusion

D．Evidence

9.

A．splitting

B．defending

C．dismissing

D．preventing

10.

A．accessible

B．additional

C．accurate

D．adequate

11.

A．unnoticed

B．uninterested

C．untouched

D．unarmed

12.

A．apply to

B．turn up

C．rely on

D．put out

13.

A．pursue

B．distinguish

C．demonstrate

D．struggle

14.

A．claim

B．calculate

C．confirm

D．clarify

15.

A．reflections

B．receptions

C．relations

D．reactions

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．On August 18, 2021.	B．On December 15th, 2021.
C．On January 20th, 2022.	D．On December 14th, 2021.

2.

A．She flew day and night to break the record.

B．Her favourite part of the journey was across Siberia.

C．She thought about nothing else but flying during the journey.

D．Bad weather along the way forced her to land in Taipei.

3.

A．To major in electrical engineering.

B．To honor the tradition of her family.

C．To encourage girls to become STEM teachers.

D．To inspire girls to pursue their flying dreams.

8 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．To study the effect of isolation on humans.

B．To figure out the conditions of the volcano.

C．To help choose the right persons for a trip to Mars.

D．To learn about human mental and emotional problems.

2.

A．Eating diet food.	B．Enduring isolation.
C．Being cooperative.	D．Coping with pressure.

3.

A．To set up their habitat.	B．To make weather maps.
C．To study the rocky surface.	D．To communicate every 20 minutes.

9 . In 2019 air travel accounted for 2.5 percent of global carbon emissions, a number that could be more than doubled by 2050. While some airlines have started making up for their contributions to atmospheric carbon, significant cutbacks are still needed. Electric airplanes could provide the scale of transformation required, and many companies are racing to develop them. Not only would electric propulsion (推进) motors eliminate direct carbon emissions, they could reduce fuel costs by up to 90 percent, maintenance by up to 50 percent and noise by nearly 70 percent.

Cape Air, one of the largest regional airlines, expects to be among the first customers, with plans to buy the nine-passenger electric aircraft from Eviation. Cape Air’s CEO Dan Wolf has said he is interested not only in the environmental benefits but also in potential savings on operation costs. Electric motors generally have longer life spans than the hydrocarbon-fueled engines in his current aircraft; they need repairs at 20,000 hours versus 2,000.

Forward-propulsion engines are not the only ones going electric. NASA’s X-57 Maxwell electric plane, under development, replaces current wings with shorter ones that feature a set of distributed electric propellers (螺旋桨). On traditional jets, wings must be large enough to provide lift when a craft is traveling at a low speed, but the large surface area adds drag at higher speeds. Electric propellers increase lift during takeoff, allowing for smaller wings and overall higher efficiency.

For the foreseeable future, electric planes will be limited in how far they can travel. Today’s best batteries put out far less power by weight than traditional fuels: an energy density of 250 watt-hours per kilogram versus 12,000 watt-hours per kilogram for jet fuel. The batteries required for a given flight are therefore far heavier than standard fuel and take up more space. Approximately half of all flights globally are fewer than 800 kilometers, which is expected to be within the range of battery-powered electric aircraft by 2025.

Electric aviation faces cost and regulatory obstacles, but investors, corporations and governments excited by the progress of this technology are investing significantly in its development: some $250 million flowed to electric aviation start-ups between 2017 and 2019. Currently roughly 170 electric airplane projects are underway. Most electric airplanes are designed for private, corporate and commuter travel, but Airbus says it plans to have 100-passenger versions ready to fly by 2030.

1. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph one?

A．Airline’s current efforts to reduce carbon emissions are far from enough.

B．Airline companies haven’t invested enough in their technological development.

C．Only by promoting electric planes can airlines balance their carbon emission impact.

D．Airline companies alone cannot realize the global goal of carbon emission reduction.

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about electric planes compared with traditional ones?

A．After frequent maintenance, they last longer and produce less noise.

B．Electric propellers enable them to fly at low speed with great lift.

C．They are designed to accommodate a large number of passengers.

D．They can fly at lower speed with less drag with the help of bigger wings.

3. The limitation of electric planes is that __________.

A．the cost of energy per kilogram is higher for electric planes

B．existing batteries are too large and heavy to be placed inside the planes

C．the same weight of batteries holds less power than that of traditional fuel

D．half of the batteries have not been designed to sustain long distance flight

4. __________ serves as the most suitable title for this passage.

A．How Electric Aircraft Green Air Can Travel

B．World’s Electric Aircrafts Set for First Flight

C．How Electric Flights Will Change Our Future

D．Electric Flights Could Be Closer Than You Think

10 . According to a survey conducted by wenjuan.com for the China Youth Daily, 71.0 percent of the 1,538 people polled said they watched short videos on a________basis. 61.8 percent believed that long-term viewing of short videos could interfere with their normal social interactions; and 65.2 percent suggested that video platforms step up in issuing regular________so that users could take a break.

This appeal for external aids to help________ the addictive habit hints at the crushing hold short videos have on the shiftless majority— many of them are not utterly ________ self-control in other circumstances.

Another recent survey of juveniles found 65.6 percent of them have watched short videos, and 20 percent of them just couldn’t stop watching.

For as you click on those seemingly________videos, your life will be thrown into a mindless spiral (螺旋)as we eagerly move from one piece to the next, each lasting 20 to 30 seconds, and are shocked, amused, and outraged in rapid________.

You never have a chance to get________, for you are always curious about what the next piece would be like,________more. All that is needed is a slight twitching (抽动) of one of your fingers.       

Respondents do believe some videos could be useful by teaching you how to cook， how to apply make-up, practice wellness, or buy things. There was even an alleged (声称但未经证实的) telecom fraudster publicizing his________and daring the police to catch him in Dubai, according to him.

It is shocking to realize that a published video itself would have ________ acquired a degree of authenticity and enough to prevent all intentions and the need for checking, even________ such basic facts as authorship.

So it is natural that 36.7 percent of the respondents in the wenjuan.com survey cited the issue of false and misleading content in short videos as an issue, and relevant authorities should have stepped in long ago to________it.

Yes, juvenile-only modes have been________for some time, but it is so easy for children to avoid this.________ , there is an equal need for a mechanism to prevent adults from becoming addicted, notably by limiting the lime they are allowed to view the videos. Thus, when 37.0 percent of the respondents said that, as far as viewing habits are concerned, parents should be a role model to prevent the imitation of juveniles. Maybe all parents should________their mobile phones for a moment of self-reflection.

1.

A．regular

B．personal

C．social

D．satisfied

2.

A．signals

B．innovation

C．alerts

D．clues

3.

A．kick

B．develop

C．foster

D．deprive

4.

A．with

B．under

C．through

D．without

5.

A．attractive

B．unharmful

C．meaningful

D．popular

6.

A．speed

B．succession

C．transition

D．movement

7.

A．thrilled

B．horrified

C．bored

D．delighted

8.

A．expecting

B．growing

C．addicting

D．foreseeing

9.

A．competence

B．identification

C．enthusiasm

D．willingness

10.

A．automatically

B．consciously

C．insanely

D．likely

11.

A．ignoring

B．predicting

C．meditating

D．regarding

12.

A．represent

B．address

C．interfere

D．stress

13.

A．on schedule

B．out of order

C．in place

D．in need

14.

A．In fact

B．For example

C．Therefore

D．Instead

15.

A．focus on

B．live without

C．give way to

D．put aside