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阅读理解-七选五(约240词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在日常生活中减少对手机、笔记本电脑和平板电脑等电子设备的依赖提出建议,并提倡人们学会在没有这些设备支持的情况下生活。

1 . In the race to catch up with the changing time, we are forgetting how to live without the support of our phones, laptops, and tablets.    1    

The first thing you need to do to unplug is to turn off your phone notifications. As soon as we hear a notification drop on our phones — whether it is something of importance or not — we are attracted to check it. When you’re not working and are not required to call, text, or return an email, turn off your phone (or put it on silent mode).     2    

I know it’s hard to stay away from your phone when it keeps buzzing with incoming texts, calls, and emails.     3     Create a rule: no phone on the dinner table, no replying to work emails after work hours, etc.

One of the best ways that I believe can help you disconnect is being in nature.     4     Just be in the moment. Listen to the songs of the birds, breathe in some fresh air, soak in the warm rays of the sun. Did you know that Vitamin D — which we can get from sunlight — is amazing for our mind, body, and soul?

    5     One of the best ways to unplug is to learn a new hobby. Read a book (a paperback not an e-book), listen to some music on your radio or vinyl record player, cook with your loved one, or create some art. Keep yourself engaged; this way you won’t get the time to constantly check your phone.

A.Keep track of how much time you’re spending on your phone.
B.This way you won’t be tempted and keep getting distracted.
C.Take a walk in the park near you or your garden without your phone.
D.When feeling bored, we often look for our phones to overcome our boredom.
E.Here are some simple ways you can disconnect and unplug for a more mindful living.
F.Therefore, setting a boundary on what to reply, and when to reply should be important.
G.Disconnecting from technology can be very helpful for quality time with your beloved ones.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幸存者偏见现象和存在的原因,以及幸存者偏见的影响。

2 . Survivor bias (偏见,偏差), occurs when you tend to assess successful outcomes and disregard failures. This sampling bias paints a more promising or even misleading picture of reality.

Survivor bias is a sneaky problem that tends to slip into analyses unnoticed. For starters, it feels natural to emphasize success, whether it’s entrepreneurs, or survivors of a medical condition. We focus on and share these stories more than the failures.

Think about the famous college dropouts who became highly successful, such as Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, and Bill Gates. These successful examples might make you think a college degree isn’t beneficial. However, that’s survivor bias at work! These famous individuals are at the forefront of media reports. You hear more about them because they are extraordinary. You’re not considering the millions of other college dropouts that aren’t rich and famous. You need to assess their outcomes as well.

Survivor bias has even occurred in medical studies about severe diseases. Younger, healthier, and more fit patients tend to survive a disease’s initial diagnosis more frequently. Hence, they are more likely to join medical studies. On the contrary, older, weaker patients are less likely to survive long enough to participate in studies. Consequently, these studies overestimate successful disease outcomes because they are less likely to include those who die shortly after diagnosis.

Undeniably, successful cases are usually more visible and easier to contact than unsuccessful cases. However, focusing on the high-performing successes and disregarding other cases introduces survivor bias. After all, you’re leaving out a significant part of the picture as it’s harder to collect data from the less successful members of a population. Incomplete data can affect your decision-making process. Put simply, survivor bias produces an inaccurate sample, causing you to jump to incorrect conclusions.

To minimize the impact of survivor bias, you should find ways to draw a representative sample from the population, not just a few of successful samples. That process might call for more expense and effort, but you’ll get better results.

1. What writing technique is used in Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A.Making comparisons.B.Giving examples.
C.Describing facts.D.Analyzing data.
2. What may occur if you have a survivor bias?
A.You will take all factors into account before making a final analysis.
B.You will overestimate the failure rate so you may quit your project.
C.You will only have partial data and reach an incorrect conclusion.
D.You will be more likely to survive in unfavorable circumstances.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A.People tend to lose sight of the overall statistics.
B.People are unwilling to read unsuccessful stories.
C.Doctors don’t have enough expense to collect abundant samples.
D.The media should be responsible for kids’ dropping out of school.
4. What does the author suggest readers do to avoid survivor bias?
A.Leave out the famous historic cases.
B.Collect a wide enough range of samples.
C.Focus on those most mentioned examples.
D.Select some successful and inspiring tales.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了理论物理学家奥本海默在原子武器开发中的重要角色,以及他对原子武器使用的道德和伦理考虑的后续反思。

3 . A brilliant theoretical physicist, J. Robert Oppenheimer was tapped to head up a laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, as part of U.S. efforts to develop nuclear weapons. He succeeded — but would go on to advocate against developing even more powerful bombs.

Born in New York City in 1904, Oppenheimer studied theoretical physics at both Cambridge University and the University of Göttingen in Germany, where he gained his doctorate at age 23. Soon the young physicist “Oppie” rubbed shoulders with the greatest scientific figures of his age, and his academic work advanced quantum theory and predicted everything from the neutron to the black hole.

After the United States joined the Allies in 1941, Oppenheimer was asked to participate in the top-secret Manhattan Project, whose aim was to develop an atomic weapon.

On July 16, 1945, Oppenheimer and others gathered at the Trinity test site south of Los Alamos for the world’s first attempted nuclear blast. Conducted in secret, the test worked. On August 6 and August 9, 1945, the U.S. dropped two of the bombs Oppenheimer had helped develop over Hiroshima and Nagasaki. On the night of the Hiroshima bombing, Oppenheimer was cheered by a crowd of fellow scientists at Los Alamos, and declared that his only regret was that the bomb hadn’t been finished in time to use against Germany.

Twenty years after the attacks on both cities in Japan, Oppenheimer appeared in a 1965 NBC News documentary called The Decision to Drop the Bomb. “We knew the world would not be the same,” he said onscreen. “A few people laughed; a few people cried. Most people were silent. I remembered the line from the Hindu scripture (印度梵经), ‘Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.’ I suppose we all thought that, one way or another.”

However, Oppenheimer opposed America’s attempts to develop a more powerful hydrogen bomb. Did he really live to regret helping develop the atomic bomb? No one knows. He doesn’t come into easy categories of pro-nuclear, anti-nuclear or anything like that. He’s a complicated figure.

1. What does the underlined phrase “rubbed shoulders with” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Thought highly of.B.Spent time with.
C.Taken the place of.D.Made trouble with.
2. What do we know about Oppenheimer according to the passage?
A.He got his doctor’s degree in the year 1930.
B.The atomic bomb he developed first struck Nagasaki.
C.He felt guilty when the bomb caused numerous deaths.
D.He was firmly against developing the hydrogen bomb.
3. What’s the writing pattern of the passage?
A.News.B.Fiction.
C.Biography.D.Journal.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A.The Controversial Man behind the Atomic Bomb
B.The Most Brilliant Physicist in the 20th Century
C.How Oppenheimer Rewrote the History of WWII
D.How Oppenheimer Developed the Atomic Bomb
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇应用文。文章主要为孩子们量身打造有趣的烹饪课程做广告。

4 . The time invested in kids learning how to cook is time well spent! From mixing and baking cookies to making and cooking fresh pasta, kids will be led by a professional chef throughout the entire class. With safety at the forefront, your chef will turn the kitchen into the classroom as kids learn valuable life skills, such as critical thinking, creativity and cooperation.

Classic Pasta for Kids                  $119 PER PERSON

In this interactive cooking class designed for kids, Chef Jordan will teach fundamental kitchen skills, including the art of pasta making, while creating a classic spaghetti dinner. This class is recommended for ages 5-15.

Kids’ Pasta-Making 101                  $99 PER PERSON

Explore the art of pasta-making in this hands-on cooking class for kids. Chef ShaSha will guide you by using fresh ingredients and authentic techniques to make a handful of kids’ favorite dishes. This class is recommended for ages 8-18.

Sushi Making for Kids                  $85 PER PERSON

In this hands-on cooking class intended for kids, Chef Christmas will guide you in making non-traditional sushi. The rolls you make will have the authentic taste and texture of traditional sushi, but with a unique shape! This class is recommended for ages 5-15.

Kids’ Baking Party                  $75 PER PERSON

In this hands-on baking class with Chef Adolf, your kids will be on their way to feeling like the finest of chefs. Chef Adolf will show them how to mix, beat and fold ingredients into eats that everyone will love at a kid’s birthday party. This class is recommended for ages 8-15.

1. Which class is suitable for a 17-year-old kid?
A.Classic Pasta for Kids.B.Kids’ Baking Party.
C.Sushi Making for Kids.D.Kids’ Pasta-Making 101.
2. What is special about Sushi Making for Kids?
A.Sushi made in this class has different shapes from traditional sushi.
B.Students can create personalized tastes from traditional sushi.
C.The class is offered for free if you sign for it with a friend.
D.The chef who teaches this class is just a kid of 15.
3. What is the purpose of this passage?
A.To educate kids to learn some basic cooking skills.
B.To inspire cooks to develop innovative cuisines for kids.
C.To advertise some fun cooking classes tailored for kids.
D.To inform readers of the arrangements of cooking classes.
书面表达-读后续写 | 适中(0.65) |
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5 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A Four-legged Guardian Angel

Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach. I had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling the house. The year before, I had lost my job, and now our financial situation was depressing. Finally, I had put the home on the market. Even worse, I would have to give up my beloved Great Dane (大丹犬), Brigitte, because I could no longer afford the cost of feeding it. The thought of losing the dog and our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.

Deep in discouragement, I sat typing up my application letters. Out of the corner of my eye I could see my thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, as he lay on the carpet, playing near our big, gentle Brigitte. It seemed as if Brigitte was always meant to be in this family and she turned out to be a perfect companion.

Brigitte came to our house on Christmas eve when the doorbell rang and I was sure some of my Christmas packages had arrived.   I ran to the door but no one was there. I sensed something and looked down, only to find a beautiful Great Dane sitting there, looking up at me with big, intelligent eyes. Perhaps, someone had found the puppy somewhere and left her there, and then rang the doorbell and ran away. They accurately guessed I would welcome an additional family member and take care of her.

Thinking of these, I couldn’t help sighing and went straight back to work. However, I hadn’t typed more than two sentences when Brigitte began barking and running back and forth to the sliding glass door overlooking our pool.

I raced to see what was happening and noticed that the sliding door was slightly open. Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen.   In panic, I opened the door and ran outside.

注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。

There I was surprised to see Brigitte, who was terrified of water, dive into the pool.

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Finally, the doctor said Forrest was all right and could be released from hospital.

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2023-11-14更新 | 179次组卷 | 16卷引用:Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题
6 . 阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

A Panting Trout

Julia always enjoyed running through The Dark Walk towards the light at the end of it, which was a dark, damp tunnel of smooth branches. This year she had the extra joy of showing it to her small brother, Stephen, and of terrifying him as well as herself.

One day they found a hole on one side of the walk. Inside there was water, where they perceived (察觉、发现) a breathless trout (鳟鱼). They were both so thrilled that they were no longer afraid of the darkness as they bent down and peered at the fish panting (喘气) in his tiny prison, his silver stomach going up and down like an engine, otherwise he was motionless. Julia wondered what he ate and thought of his hunger. She found him a worm. But he ignored the food, and just went on panting. She bent over him, wondering how he had been here. All the winter, in the dark tunnel, all day, all night, floating around alone.

Nobody knew how the fish got here. Her mother suggested that a bird had carried it here. Her father thought that in the winter a small stream might have carried it down there as a baby, and it had been safe until summer came and the water began to dry up.

Before going to bed, Stephen asked his mummy to tell him a story as usual, while Julia lay in her bed, not interested in it. That night mom told a story about a trapped little fish. “And so, in the end, the naughty fish got bigger and bigger, and the water got less and less…Then a Fairy Godmother appeared…”

Passionately, she turned around and cried, “Mummy, don’t make it a horrible old story.” Staring at the moon she knew there was no such thing as a fairy and that actually the trout, down in the tunnel, was panting for his life:

She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sound asleep.


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Julia poured the trout out of the pot into the river.


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阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是说明文。在奢侈品市场上,中国消费者现在是最大的买家。很明显,新一代的年轻人,物质主义者越来越依赖奢侈品牌来提升自己的形象。文章就此现象进行了讨论,作者建议读者将钱投资在丰富自身经历上而不是奢侈品上。

7 . In recent years, China has witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands. In this market, Chinese consumers are now the largest spenders. It’s clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self-image. I am a fashionist too, at least in spirit — I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don’t understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that’s a scary thing.

What’s interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn’t lead to happiness. Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don’t suddenly become “happy” people. In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. That’s because experiences are more easily combined with a person’s identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me.

Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.

It’s natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn’t tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style. You don’t have to break the bank to send a message about who you are. Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.

1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A.The author enjoys buying luxury brands herself.
B.The author agrees to overspend money on material things.
C.The author is critical of youths tying their looks to designer labels.
D.The author finds it natural for fashionists to follow fashion trends.
2. Leaf Van Boven’s studies showed that ______.
A.people dislike those who love luxuries
B.traveling changes a person’s identity greatly
C.luxuries have a negative effect on people’s happiness
D.experiences can bring people more happiness than luxuries
3. What is the author’s advice on expressing oneself?
A.Be selective about designer labels.B.Create your own personal unique style.
C.Choose simple and fashionable styles.D.Try styles like Mark Zuckerberg’s.
4. The main purpose of the article is to ______.
A.prove how luxury leads to an unpleasant life
B.tell how to express yourself through appearances
C.report on a series of studies about luxuries and happiness
D.persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuries
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了字体选择在阅读理解、记忆和信息提取过程中的重要性。研究表明,一些难以阅读的字体对于记忆信息比Arial或Times New Roman等字体更有效。此外,字体的特征如字体大小、样式和颜色也会对信息的记忆和提取产生影响。

8 . Whenever you read text, your brain processes the visual stimuli (刺激物) to create meaning and understand the content. Chances are, you don’t pay much attention to the way the information is presented- particularly the font (字体) choice. That’s because your main target is reading comprehension, not aesthetics.

Although typography(排印) is missed by most of us, it’s essential in making texts legible, readable and appealing for audiences. Beyond the visual aspect, research shows that fonts play a significant role in the mental processes of understanding that happen while we read. A font’s impact on the way you learn and memorize information might be hard to notice consciously, but your brain is certainly tuned in. Perhaps surprisingly, hard-to-read fonts such as Bodoni, Comic Sans, or Monotype Corsiva are better for memorizing information than fonts like Arial or Times New Roman, according to some studies.

“Difficulty can function as an alarm signal, giving the reader a sense that the task is challenging and will require mental effort,” says Daniel Oppenheimer, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and one of a 2010 study authors, “Additionally, slowing down the reading speed to deal with the disfluency may increase the probability of spotting errors in a text.”

Font characteristics such as style, size and color play a role in information retention memory or recall as well, says Stephen Banham, a typography lecturer at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. Experiments have proved a U-shape relationship between font size and memory: Large-font items may predict higher recall regardless of style, but very small font sizes can also introduce a desirable difficulty.

A document’s specific method of formatting information also makes an impact. Using font styles like bold or italics to indicate significance can also improve memory. That’s because people are better able to remember information they consider important, says Oppenheimer. Researchers found that bolded text has a higher recall than text in italic or regular styles, regardless of the font size. However, if an entire document is bolded, the emphasis is lost, and readers can no longer spot vital passages.

1. Why do readers often ignore the font choice?
A.They lack aesthetic knowledge.B.They aim to understand the meaning.
C.Their brains are not sensitive to the font.D.Fonts are of little significance in reading.
2. What does Daniel Oppenheimer say about hard-to-read fonts?
A.They can lead to desirable challenges.B.They may distract readers from the text.
C.The meaning of the text may be mistaken.D.They will affect reading performance negatively.
3. What can improve people’s information retention or recall?
A.Using fonts of medium size.B.Choosing bright font colors.
C.Putting the words in italic typeD.Making the whole passage bold.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.What Fonts Make Reading EasyB.What Fonts Make Memory Lasting
C.Why Fonts Impact Retention and RecallD.How Fonts Affect Learning and Memory
阅读理解-阅读单选(约390词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2023年上海咖啡文化周的开幕和活动安排,包括各种与咖啡相关的展览、表演、工作坊和讨论等。通过咖啡文化周活动,希望促进咖啡消费和文化产品的发展,并推动两个产业的协同发展。同时,文章还介绍了中国新鲜冲泡咖啡行业的价值增长和前景。

9 . The 2023 Shanghai Coffee Culture Week opened on May 13, with a variety of activities integrating industry, culture and lifestyle scheduled.

Shanghai, home to more than 8,00 coffee houses, has hosted the event since 2021. This year’s Coffee Culture Week is organized by the Shanghai Cultural and Creative Industry Promotion Association, and will run through to June 2.

Coffee has become a key part of Shanghai culture, showcasing the city’s characteristics of opening-up and inclusiveness(包容),local officials said at a news conference in early May.

On the event’s opening day, Yongpu Coffee, in collaboration with the food delivery platform Eleme and China Construction Bank, offered 30,000 cups of coffee for free. Multiple coffee brands such as Luckin Coffee and McCafe will also provide free coffee and coupons (优惠券) during the event.

From May 18 to 21, West Bund International Coffee and Lifestyle Festival is taking place in Xuhui Binjiang area, involving more than 100 coffee brand outlets (销售点) located along a 5-kilometer shoreline of the Huangpu River.

It is the first time that Shanghai has launched such a large coffee-themed market, organizers said. In addition to enjoying freshly brewed coffee, visitors can attend diverse activities such as exhibitions, performances and workshops to experience coffee culture.

Many cultural sites in the city are also participating in the coffee culture week. Sinan Mansions in downtown Shanghai is holding the Bonjour Coffee Art Fair from May 19 to 21,which has attracted some 20 coffee staff members and 80artists.

The Shanghai History Museum will launch the Square Coffee Festival, inviting fans and industry experts to share their knowledge about coffee. Meanwhile, the Shanghai Books and Periodicals Distribution Association will hold a coffee-themed book fair in more than 80 stores across the city.

Organizers said they hope these events will boost the consumption of coffee and cultural products, and promote the coordinated development of the two industries.

The Shanghai Coffee Industry Summit will take place on May 26, which includes two roundtable discussions and about 10 seminars. Corporate leaders will discuss the latest consumer trends and offer their insights into hot topics.

According to data from domestic tech and retail giant Meituan, the value of China’s freshly brewed coffee industry is expected to reach 15.79 billion yuan ($2.25 billion) this year. It was valued at 8.97billion yuan in 2021.

1. Why was the Coffee Culture Week hosted?
A.To hold diverse activities.B.To spread knowledge about coffee.
C.To show the city’s unique features.D.To promote coffee industry and culture.
2. What can visitors do during the 2023 Shanghai Coffee Culture Week?
A.Get coupons and make freshly brewed coffee.
B.Enjoy free coffee and read coffee-themed books.
C.Visit coffee exhibitions and put on performances.
D.Share ideas about coffee and get employed in workshops.
3. What can we infer from the data offered by Meituan?
A.Coffee consumption is increasing rapidly in China.
B.Meituan has benefited a lot from coffee industry.
C.The Coffee Culture Week has boosted the coffee industry.
D.Freshly brewed coffee industry is the most promising industry.
4. In which section of a newspaper does this text probably appear?
A.Entertainment.B.Culture.C.Health.D.Science.
听力选择题-长对话 | 适中(0.65) |
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10 . 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题。
1. Why didn't the woman go climbing?
A.She was worn out.
B.She lost touch with others
C.She loved the scene at the bottom
2. What was the woman doing when she saw a dolphin?
A.Relaxing on the beach.B.Sailing in a boatC.Diving
3. What made the woman give up doing bungee jumping?
A.Her health.B.Her fearC.Equipment problems
4. What did the woman like most about her vacation?
A.Taking photos.B.Visiting the cavesC.Playing with the dolphin
2023-10-13更新 | 92次组卷 | 1卷引用:浙江省宁波市北仑中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期初考试英语试题(含听力)
共计 平均难度:一般