2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Public service Day is a global holiday held every year on June 23rd.    1    (found) by the United Nations (UN), this holiday aims to stress the important roles     2     citizens from around the world play in the public sector, whether on a paid    3     voluntary basis. Special events are also held to help encourage young adults to engage in     4    (career) in public service. It is the role of the UN to help make the world a     5    (good) place for all, and the organization     6    (strong) believes that public service jobs can help strengthen communities around the world.

The first Public Service Day was held on June 23, 2003. Public Service Day is     7     UN holiday, so you can expect     8    (see) celebrations held throughout multiple countries. While most of the celebrations occur on site in public service institutions, other organizations hold ceremonies to help honor people     9    (work) in civil service. The UN holds its own annual ceremony, but individual communities often host their own special events.

Members in June 23rd’s events may also show symbols of Public Service Day. The symbol     10    (create) by the UN, with the feature of columns beside three blue human figures joining hands.

3 . Tree Planting Events

Opportunity Details

Join us to palm trees and wildflowers and help grow our urban forest. As a volunteer you will.

·Learn more about native trees and invasive species.

·Learn how to plant a tree.

·Meet new people, make new friends and network within the community.

·Gain experience , leadership and interpersonal skills.

Where and When

Planting events take place from spring through fall each year. Check our event calendar for dates, and locations.

How to Apply

Events will run on a drop-in (无需预约的) basis unless otherwise noted. Individuals and small groups do not need to register. We require groups of five or more people to register in advance to ensure we have enough materials and tools at each event. Email us at greentoronto@toronto.ca to register your group and include the following information：

·Your name

·Which event(s) you would like to participate in

·The number of participants

Planting site conditions vary. If you would like to request accessibility support or accommodation, contact us as soon as possible.

Cancellation Policy

An event will be cancelled if there is a greater than 70 percent Chance of a thunderstorm or if hazardous weather arises.

Event Tips for Volunteers

·Wear comfortable clothing that you don’t mind getting dirty.

·Bring water to drink in a reusable container.

·Remember to apply sunscreen (防晒霜) beforehand.

·Gloves, shovels and watering cans are provided.

·Events happen rain or shine but not in thunderstorms. Please dress for the weather.

1. Who should sign for an event in advance?

A．A teenager.	B．A family of four.
C．A married couple.	D．A group of 20 students.

2. When will an event be cancelled?

A．When no accommodation is available.

B．When materials and tools are not enough.

C．When there will likely be a thunderstorm.

D．When there will be only a few participants.

3. What are participants advised to bring to the events?

A．Sunscreen.	B．Drinking water.
C．Gloves.	D．Watering cans.

5 . As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.

Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.

The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”

Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.

Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.

“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.

1. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?

A．Pocket parks are now popular.	B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.	D．People enjoy living close to nature.

2. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?

A．To compare different types of park-goers.	B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.	D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.

3. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5?

A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.

B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.

C．The same nature experience takes different forms.

D．The nature language enhances work performance.

4. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?

A．Language study.	B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.	D．Intercultural communication.

6 . Sammie Vance is an extraordinary kid. She was just named one of People's Girls Changing the World in 2021, and she is only 12 years old.

The seventh grader from Indiana is collecting bottle caps to upcycle them into benches for her school and neighborhood parks. But these benches are more than just for sitting. There are many kids in her school who have trouble in finding friends.

Sammie learned about buddy benches at a camp she attended one summer. At the camp, there were benches set up when children felt lonely. They would sit down signaling to other kids that they were in need of a friend.

She loved the idea and told others, “This would be really cool to have them at my school.” Then she sprang into action by initiating a meeting with her president and the Parent-Teacher Association to present her idea.

Sammie used a comic strip she created showing how a simple bench could help classmates understand when one of their own needed a friend. The adults were surely impressed by her initiative but were more impressed with how she planned to make the benches.

Sammie continued her efforts and expanded her project to collect more benches for other schools. She made an online page where she calls for others to follow her journey and make bottle cap donations.

Today, Sammie has helped fix 200 recycled benches in schools and neighborhoods and she has no plans of stopping. She knows first-hand that a young age has no limitations to impacting the world. “I just look forward to making a difference,” she said, “and inspiring other people to make a difference.”

1. Why did Sammie want to set up buddy benches?

A．She was in need of friends.	B．She wanted to win recognition.
C．She had to finish an assigned project.	D．She intended to help kids make friends.

2. What made a deeper impression on adults?

A．Sammie's comic strip.	B．Sammie's strong determination.
C．Sammie's plan of making benches.	D．Sammie's meeting with the president.

3. Which of the following best describes Sammie?

A．Demanding.

B．Honest.

C．Caring.

D．Humorous.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．More Donations Have Come as a Help	B．This Kind-hearted Girl Inspires Friendship
C．A Young Girl Is Named People's Girl	D．200 Buddy Benches Are Equipped in Schools

8 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内的正确形式。

David Beckham, an English footballer, was born in London in 1975,     1     has played for Manchester United and Real Madrid, as well as representing his country 100 times. He moved to the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007     2     (increase) the influence of football in America.

His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester Union     3     his fourteenth birthday. He helped his team achieve     4     (consider) success in his eleven seasons with them. Beckham has been runner-up twice as world football best player. He won many championships with Manchester Union. The club, Real Madrid     5     (captain) by him, was popular with football fans at that time. In 2003, Beckham received     6     honour for services to football from Britain’s Queen.

Beckham has many interests off the soccer field and     7     (be) rarely out of headlines, especially concerning his     8     (marry) and children. He has established football     9     (academy) in Los Angeles and London. In 2006, he     10     (name) a judge for the British Book Awards. He is also a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador.

9 . A map is a drawing that give us information about a place at a particular time. Maps are a representation of the real world drawn _________ on a flat surface but many times _________ than the place itself. Maps are one of the oldest forms of nonverbal (非言语的) _________. Every culture in every part of the world makes and uses maps. The art and _________ of making maps is called cartography (制图学). A person making maps is called a cartographer. In fact, all the information about one place cannot be _________ in a single map. Different _________ of a place can be shown in different types of maps.

There are two main types of maps—physical maps and political maps. Physical maps show the _________ of the land-hills, lakes, forests, the coast and so on. _________ maps show how the land is used by people—counties, provinces, countries, town boundaries, etc. Both types of map have _________ over time because forests are cut down, roads are built, towns expand and borders change. Most maps include a compass rose which indicates the __________. In the meanwhile, they __________ include a scale (比例尺), which is useful for estimating __________.

People use or “read” maps because of different __________. For example, we often use them when we are traveling to the places that we are not __________ with. News reporters use maps to tell us __________ things are happening in the world, __________ use them to navigate (导航) the skies and fishermen to navigate the seas.

Maps have an exciting history of their own. Over time, they __________ from being rough sketches, often based on travelers’ tales and stories __________ through word of mouth that may or may not have been __________. Nowadays maps are accurate scientific instruments. Their __________ runs along with the progress of civilisation.

1.

A．accurately

B．purposely

C．occasionally

D．permanently

2.

A．wider

B．larger

C．longer

D．smaller

3.

A．behavior

B．language

C．learning

D．communication

4.

A．experiment

B．instrument

C．science

D．result

5.

A．downloaded

B．put

C．reported

D．updated

6.

A．locations

B．aspects

C．landscapes

D．histories

7.

A．origins

B．views

C．outlines

D．benefits

8.

A．Historic

B．Delicate

C．Political

D．Abstract

9.

A．changed

B．disappeared

C．arisen

D．spread

10.

A．time

B．directions

C．weather

D．spots

11.

A．just

B．ever

C．also

D．even

12.

A．area

B．width

C．length

D．distance

13.

A．reasons

B．hobbies

C．stands

D．levels

14.

A．careful

B．concerned

C．satisfied

D．familiar

15.

A．how

B．where

C．why

D．when

16.

A．pilots

B．drivers

C．astronomers

D．sailors

17.

A．ranged

B．advanced

C．differed

D．rose

18.

A．written down

B．heard of

C．passed on

D．set aside

19.

A．charming

B．funny

C．direct

D．true

20.

A．development

B．appearance

C．operation

D．function

10 . There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in long-term memory can be recalled at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or years. Sometimes information in the long-term memory is hard to remember. Students taking exams often have this experience. In contrast, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over.

Dr. Hunter studied short-term memory in rats. He used a special device which had a cage for the rat and three doors. There was a light in each door. First, the rat was placed in the closed cage. Next, one of the lights was turned on and then off. There was food for the rat only at this door. After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage. Then, if it went to the correct door, it was rewarded with the food that was there. Hunter did this experiment many times. He always turned on the lights in a random order. Hunter’s results show that rats have a short-term memory of about ten seconds.

Later, Dr. Henning studied how people learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. To begin with, the participants listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the participants took a 15-question test where they circled the word they remembered having in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sounded alike, while others had four choices having the same meaning.

Henning found that people with a lower level in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; people with a higher level made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning’s results suggest that beginning learners hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while advanced learners hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.

1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A．Repetition contributes to people’s short-term memory.

B．The information in long-term memory is easier to forget.

C．People can rarely memorize the information learnt when young.

D．Students taking exams are experienced in long-term memory.

2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A．How the rat experiment was conducted.	B．The process of rats’ developing memory.
C．Why the rat experiment was carried out.	D．The relationship between rats’ memory and intelligence.

3. Who might participate in Dr. Henning’s experiment?

A．A Chinese expert in second language learning.

B．An American student learning a second language.

C．A British teacher teaching English as a second language.

D．A Korean employee learning English as a second language.

4. What does Henning’s experiment suggest?

A．Beginning learners have a bad memory.

B．Beginning learners depend more on short-term memory.

C．Advanced learners easily remember words according to their pronunciation.

D．Advanced learners can confuse the words just heard with those meaning the same.