1 . Online courses have become popular in many countries. There are different kinds of online courses, but most show a video of a teacher and students in a classroom. Students watch the video online and take part in online activities. Some courses are free and open to anyone.
In South Korea, some students have been taught English by teachers in the Philippines and other countries since 2011. The teachers are in their home countries and are connected to the Korean classrooms via the Internet. Instead of looking at a screen, the students interact with a robot in the classroom. The robot is controlled by the teacher.
Thanks to technology, more and more ways of teaching and learning are being developed.
| A．E-learning can be successful. |
| B．There are also social media platforms(平台). |
| C．Other kinds of e-learning are being tested around the world. |
| D．They give students anywhere the chance to study at any time. |
| E．Nobody knows what the classroom of the future will look like. |
| F．And it can move around the classroom and talk with the students. |
| G．The courses that are taught via the Internet are called online courses. |
2 . Some people feel they don’t have time to volunteer, seeing it as an activity that only benefits others.
★When you volunteer, you are making a direct influence on the people affected by volunteering, but the impact goes far beyond the fact that you are helping people. When you volunteer, you provide connection for others and yourself.
★Volunteering helps learn new skills to improve your career outlook. It might be discovering how to use one program well.
★
With these positive reasons to volunteer, it’s almost a form of self-care.
| A．So what are you waiting for? |
| B．However, it can have a huge influence on yourself as well. |
| C．When you volunteer, you easily make friends with other volunteers. |
| D．Good connection with others is the most necessary thing all people need. |
| E．Studies show lasting happiness and lower sadness rates among volunteers. |
| F．Is it great to help those less fortunate while seeing the world at the same time? |
| G．It can also be a chance to practice your second language skills with native speakers. |
3 . A young Jewish girl begins a diary just as World War II is about to break out in Europe. She records the details of her daily life, but more than that. Eventually, the diary comes to a heartbreaking end with the girl shot to death by the Nazis. However, it’s not the story of Anne Frank. This is Renia’s Diary, a journal that was hidden for years in a safe box. Now it’s coming to light with the help of Renia’s sister and niece.
For a long time, Elizabeth didn’t even know that her older sister Renia had kept a diary as a teenager in Poland. Then suddenly one day in the 50s, Elizabeth got the diary and started to read it. She was totally stunned and couldn’t get very far. “It was too painful to read it,” Elizabeth recalls. “I just put it in the basement and didn’t think about it.”
Alexandra, Elizabeth’s daughter, grew up knowing about the locked diary. As Alexandra got older, she was more interested in it. “If I could read this diary, maybe I’ll explore some things from the past,” she thought.
She got the diary from its hiding place. When she read it, Alexandra was shocked. “It’s the description of a wonderful girl who showed great courage in terrible times. My aunt’s world comes to life as the diary shifts between a teenage girl’s daily life and the war.”
Elizabeth and her daughter Alexandra are excited that the diary will be published. “It is a story that needs to be heard now more than ever. We should never repeat the same types of racism(种族主义) and hate that lead to violence,” Alexandra says.
1. Why was Renia’s Dairy unknown to the world for so many years?| A．The story is not as famous as Anne Frank’s. |
| B．It was lost in the war and no one found it. |
| C．Alexandra was afraid to read it. |
| D．Renia’s sister kept it a secret. |
| A．Embarrassed. | B．Bored. |
| C．Excited. | D．Shocked. |
| A．She was curious about her aunt’s experience. |
| B．She wanted to comfort her mother. |
| C．She planned to publish her aunt’s dairy. |
| D．She decided to prove how strong Renia was. |
| A．A girl fighting against the racism and hate |
| B．Renia’s Diary is to come to light |
| C．Discovering the history of a Jewish family |
| D．A Jewish family in World War II |
This hotel features works by Brooklyn artists. The 116 rooms are good value and Manhattan is only 20 minutes away by taxi or subway. The immediate surroundings feel urban — the hotel is by a high-rise public housing project while the nearest commercial street is under elevated (高的) subway tracks — but Bushwick’s best bars and cafes / restaurants are nearby.
Doubles from $99, room only. Tel: 718 388 4433
Archer Hotel
Visitors eager to stay in the heart of Manhattan should try one of the bargain-priced rooms at this hotel. Rates differ from great value to expensive; some start from as low as $179 a night (if prepaying in full). Rooms are small but tasteful, with nice touches such as exposed brick. Some have close-up views of the Empire State Building.
Doubles from $199, room only. Tel: 212 719 4100
CitizenM New York Times Square
This is the first US location for a Netherlands-based concept hotel chain — CitizenM. The hotel features self check-in at its 230 little but comfortable rooms via touch screen “MoodPads”. There’s a rooftop bar, a 24-hour grab-and-go cafeteria and an area with public iMac workspaces. Although New Yorkers avoid nearby Times Square, all the lights, cameras and action can make it a fun tourist experience.
Doubles from $170, room only. Tel: 212 319 7000
1. What can we know about BKLYN House Hotel?| A．It has the most rooms. | B．It is located in Manhattan. |
| C．It is Bushwick’s best hotel. | D．It is decorated with some art works. |
| A．Regulars can enjoy a certain discount. |
| B．Visitors will get a “MoodPads” as a gift. |
| C．Visitors can enjoy themselves in a rooftop bar. |
| D．Visitors can have a good view of the Empire State Building. |
| A．212 319 7000. | B．718 388 4433. |
| C．212 865 5700. | D．212 719 4100. |
5 . When French students go to school, they have to leave one of their most prized possessions at home — their smartphones.
French lawmakers passed a law on July 31, 2018, banning students 15 and under from bringing smartphones and tablets to school, or at least requiring they be turned off at school. Officials in support of the new rule described the policy as a way to protect children from addictive habits and to safeguard the sanctity (神圣) of the classroom.
“We know there is a phenomenon of screen addiction,” education minister Jean-Michel Blanquer said. “Our main role is to protect students. It is a fundamental role of education, and this law allows it.”
The law, however, makes exceptions for educational use, after-school activities and for students with disabilities. French high schools can choose to force a less-strict ban on Internet- connected devices.
Even before the new policy was voted in, French law carried out in 2010 prohibited students from using their phones while class was in session. But during the 2017 French presidential election, Emmanuel Macron promised to force a school ban on phones entirely.
This isn’t the first French law designed to beat back the influences of digital technology in everyday life. In 2017 the government passed a law requiring French companies to draft rules that limited work emails and work-related technology outside the office. Referred to as the “right to disconnect,” French officials said the law aimed to reduce job-related stress and prevent employee burnout.
“Employees physically leave the office, but they do not leave their work. They remain attached by a kind of electronic tie,” said Benoît Hamon, former French education minister. “The texts, the messages, the emails: they control the life of the individual to the point where he or she eventually breaks down.”
1. What’s the purpose of the law passed on July 31, 2018?| A．To improve the eyesight of school students. |
| B．To reduce the heavy burden of primary school students. |
| C．To prevent students getting addicted to electronic devices. |
| D．To help students use the mobile phones properly at schools. |
| A．Disabled students have no ability to use electronic devices. |
| B．President Macron is in favor of smartphone use in school. |
| C．The “right to disconnect” aims to help employees with their work. |
| D．Primary students are facing stricter banning than high school students. |
| A．work-related technology occupied too much of individual life |
| B．some officials found it was a waste of time to use digital technology |
| C．employees had no time to use their electronic devices after work |
| D．employees had the ability to finish their work entirely in the office |
| A．Messages. | B．Employees. | C．Emails. | D．Texts. |
6 . Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
| A．It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent. |
| B．Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent. |
| C．The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention. |
| D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship. |
| E．Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. |
| F．Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. |
| G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. |
7 . During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?| A．Unkind. | B．Lonely. | C．Generous. | D．Cool. |
| A．The classification of the popular. |
| B．The characteristics of adolescents. |
| C．The importance of interpersonal skills. |
| D．The causes of dishonorable behavior. |
| A．They appeared to be aggressive. |
| B．They tended to be more adaptable. |
| C．They enjoyed the highest status. |
| D．They performed well academically. |
| A．Be Nice—You Won’t Finish Last |
| B．The Higher the Status, the Better |
| C．Be the Best—You Can Make It |
| D．More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness |
8 . Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?| A．They are hard to get rid of. | B．They lead to air pollution. |
| C．They appear in different forms. | D．They damage the instruments. |
| A．To strengthen teacher-student relationships. |
| B．To sharpen students’ communication skills. |
| C．To allow students to experience zero gravity. |
| D．To link space technology with school education. |
| A．Check their product. | B．Guide project designs. |
| C．Adjust work schedules. | D．Grade their homework. |
| A．NASA: The Home of Astronauts |
| B．Space: The Final Homework Frontier |
| C．Nature: An Outdoor Classroom |
| D．HUNCH: A College Admission Reform |
9 . At schools across the United States，students often sit down to cafeteria lunches made from processed foods that are high in fat，sodium，and sugar．But kids at Public School(P．S．)216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience．Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables．
P．S．216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project，a nonprofit program founded by Chef Alice Waters in 1995．The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum．Students grow and maintain crops，harvesting the fruits and vegetables for cafeteria meals．
Waters expressed her passion for the principles of the farm-to-table movement．She advised schools to connect with the farmers in their area and change their buying practices when planning meals for students．
Waters has long been inspiring people to care about where their food comes from．In 1993，she put forward the idea of a White House vegetable garden．It was not until 2009 that Michelle Obama started the garden in the backyard of the White House．She and members of the kitchen staff spent hours tending to the garden，often with help from local school children．
“That gave people a sense that she cared about children and cared about where our food comes from，”Waters said，praising the former First Lady’s concern for young people’s health．“We are just building this movement，and it is very exciting．”
“Through the Edible Schoolyard Project，students also learn about the benefits of healthy eating in the classroom．”Neglia said．“P．S．216 is teaching kids about careers in the food industry—such as farming and agriculture，nutrition，food safety，and the restaurant business．”
Similar classes are taking place around the country．So far，the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 367 schools．“I'm thinking about the future of the planet，”Waters said．“I'm doing this for our generation．”
1. What’s the purpose of the Edible Schoolyard Project?| A．To reduce students’stress． |
| B．To let students eat healthy food． |
| C．To improve schools’environment． |
| D．To expect students to experience farming． |
| A．The project made Waters famous, |
| B．Running a garden was too difficult for students． |
| C．Waters thought highly of what Michelle Obama did． |
| D．The former First Lady should care about young people． |
| A．P．S．216 belongs to the pioneers in the Edible Schoolyard Project |
| B．P．S．216 mainly teaches kids about careers in food industry |
| C．Waters’ project is not well received by me us schools |
| D．Waters had no difficulty in starting vegetable garden |
| A．Students should eat healthily | B．A famous school—P．S．216 |
| C．Processed foods should be advised | D．A chef helps create green schoolyards |
10 . VAR technology has been used in U.S. sports for years. Now it is fully combined with the global game of soccer and made its debut(首次亮相) at the 2018 World Cup this summer.
The VAR team supported the referees from a centralised video room. The operators selected and provided the best angles from the relevant broadcast cameras plus two additional offside cameras.
| A．If one team is likely to win a game |
| B．VAR stands for video assistant referee |
| C．It is hard to avoid and VAR is necessary |
| D．Once they decide an incident is reviewable |
| E．Throughout a match they are constantly checking for mistakes |
| F．The use of video technology is a hot topic among football watchers |
| G．VAR can serve to remove such scenes and get the game moving again |
