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阅读理解-七选五(约230词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了志愿服务的各种好处,包括社交技能的提升、身心健康的改善、职场经验的积累等。

1 . Volunteering offers great help to people in need, worthwhile causes, and the community, but the benefits can be even greater for you, the volunteer.

    1     . Being a volunteer helps you make new friends and improve your social skills. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to an area. It develops your ties to the community, broadens your support network (人际关系网) and offers you chances to know people with common interests, neighbourhood resources (资源), and fun activities.

    2     , others are shy and have a hard time meeting new people. Volunteering gives you the chance to practise and develop your social skills, since you are often meeting with a group of people with common interests.

Volunteering is good for your mind and body.     3     . Working with pets and other animals has also been shown to help you feel more relaxed and less anxious. Studies have found that older volunteers are likely to walk more, find it easier to complete everyday tasks, and have better thinking skills.     4     .

If you’re considering a new job, volunteering can help you get experience in your area of interest and meet people in the field.     5     , volunteering gives you the chance to practise important skills used in the workplace, such as teamwork, communication, problem solving, project planning, task management, and organization. You might feel more comfortable stretching (伸展) your wings at work once you’ve improved these skills in a volunteer position (职位) first.

A.Volunteering connects you to others
B.Volunteering increases self-confidence
C.While some people are naturally outgoing
D.Even if you’re not planning on changing your job
E.Volunteering can also cut the risk of heart problems
F.Nothing lessens stress better than a meaningful connection to another person
G.Many people volunteer in order to make time for hobbies outside of work
2024-03-31更新 | 116次组卷 | 1卷引用:山西省运城市康杰中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了英国坎布里亚郡的一个九岁小男孩从出生就与病魔战斗,他打破了出生后活不了的医学预言,创造了奇迹。

2 . Noah Wall recently celebrated his ninth birthday. The little boy from Cumbria, England, uses a wheelchair to get around. He’s extremely smart and loves learning about the solar system. His life is pretty normal, which is astonishing considering doctors didn’t even expect Noah to survive his birth.

His mom, Michelle Wall, was pregnant when tests revealed that her little one had spina bifida (脊椎裂) . When they performed more tests, a scan of Noah’s head showed a cyst(囊肿) that was destroying his brain.

Michelle and her husband Rob prayed for a wonder. On the day Noah was born, he let out a huge cry the moment he appeared to let his parents know that their little guy wasn’t going down without a fight!

Scans showed that just 2 percent of Noah’s brain had survived the cyst in his head. Seven weeks after birth, he received an operation to close the opening in his spine and place a shunt (分流管) in his head to lead fluid (积液) away from his brain. Yet Noah is not mentally disabled. In fact, he’s impressively clever! At 9, he is physically active and dreams of becoming an astronaut someday.

“They told us he might not be able to speak, hear, eat, or anything,” Michelle said. “But I see he can tell the time, read, do maths and love science. He can talk about the solar system. He has unbelievable dreams. ”

Noah has gone through 11 surgeries so far and there are many more to come, but he has already exceeded everyone’s expectations —in every possible way!

“Every single day he does something that impresses me,” Michelle said. “I’m so extremely proud of him. I will help him all I can and always be there for him.”

Noah! What a wonderful reminder of the importance of keeping hope alive.

1. Why is the nine-year-old Noah Wall’s life astonishing?
A.The doctor judged him not to survive.B.He is too smart to explore the solar system.
C.His full recovery created a great wonder.D.He will live through 11 operations.
2. What does the underlined word “exceeded” mean in paragraph 6?
A.Gone beyond.B.Subscribed to.
C.Lived up to.D.Set the stage for.
3. What is the mother’s attitude to Noah Wall’s future?
A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Cautious.D.Objective.
4. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?
A.A Touching FamilyB.A Medical Wonder
C.A Powerful ChildD.A Wonderful Reminder
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最新研究发现DNA甲基化可以帮助我们预测一个人的年龄,文章解释了研究开展的经过以及人们对此的看法。

3 . As a saying goes, you’re only as old as you feel, but what if different parts of your body aged at different speeds? It turns out they do. The study about the age of our bodies shows that different tissues inside us are effectively different ages. In 2012, Professor Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles, looked at something new—DNA methylation (甲基化), a naturally occurring process in which DNA is chemically changed over time.

Horvath analyzed the DNA in 8,000 tissue samples from different parts of the body in different people to study these markers. What he found was striking—the amount of methylation in cells from most parts of the body was a good predictor of the person’s age. But there were inconsistencies. Breast tissue, for instance, ages rapidly, whereas muscle ages slowly. The rates of ageing are also different in men and women. “There are many medical implications, from cancer to premature ageing diseases,” says Horvath. It has already been established that tissue that looks significantly older could be cancerous. Horvath’s study found that cancerous tissue has a biological age on average 36 years older than a subject’s actual age.

Could this knowledge help us live longer? “If the markers relate to a process that causes ageing, then it would be theoretically possible to slow down ageing by carefully targeting DNA methylation,” says Horvath. But before scientists got to work on dealing with methylation, they first needed to establish whether these changes were the cause of ageing or just a byproduct of another process. Now, a 2023 study from the University of Michigan has backed up Professor Horvath’s findings, which means they can safely make further studies of methylation.

“Our main aim was to see whether biological age acceleration measured from DNA methylation was predictive of health outcomes and death,” said research associate professor Jessica Faul. “It turned out that it is largely the case. You can use certain DNA methylation markers to predict age and age-related outcomes quite well.”

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To lead in the topic of the text.B.To summarize the whole text.
C.To offer suggestions to readers.D.To stimulate readers to imagine.
2. What do we know about Horvath’s discovery about methylation?
A.It helps people live much longer.B.It doesn’t always predict one’s age.
C.It exists in some parts of one’s body.D.It causes the different rates of ageing.
3. What does the underlined phrase “backed up” in paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A.Consulted.B.Contradicted.C.Approved.D.Predicted.
4. How does Jessica Faul find DNA methylation as a predictor of health?
A.Avoidable.B.Unrealistic.C.Risky.D.Potential.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现非洲大象会发出声音来回应它们社会群体中的个体,而接受者也会做出相应的反应。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及这项研究显示了大象是如何在广阔的景观中导航的,并且仍然可以与特定的个体保持联系。

4 . Can you name a famous elephant? Babar, perhaps? Or Dumbo? Though these names may be memorable to humans, they sound nothing like the names elephants give each other. “If you’re an elephant, your name is something more like a low, rumbling sound (隆隆的声音),” scientists say. Researchers have found that African elephants emit sounds in response to individuals in their social group, and the receivers respond accordingly.

Researchers recorded 527 elephant calls in northern Kenya and 98 calls in southern Kenya. They then distinguished which members were separated from the herd at the time of each call, or which members were close to the herd. Researchers correctly identified the receivers of 20.3% of the 625 recorded calls. This marks a step forward in understanding how these highly intelligent animals communicate.

“There’s a contact rumble, an anti-predator rumble and a greeting rumble. If you look at a spectrogram (声谱图) with your eyes, they all look almost exactly the same,” said Caitlin O’Connell-Rodwell, an elephant biologist at Harvard Medical School. “That’s why artificial intelligence(AI)has been exciting. It allows us to really figure out what the elephants are saying.”

As it turned out, the calls were distinct to the receivers. Even calls from different callers to the same receiver were similar. The pattern was less obvious than it was between a single caller and his or her receiver. This may be because rumbles encode multiple messages at the same time, so the AI system in computer model may not have been able to pick out the “name” used in each call. “It just highlights the complexity of what’s going on. And we’re not skilled enough in these measurements to figure out what’s going on,” said Caitlin.

However, the research shows how elephants are navigating through a large landscape and can still keep in touch with specific individuals. It allows them to spread out much further and still have very close tabs on individuals, not just the group.

1. What can we infer from paragraph 1?
A.Elephants seem to have their own names.
B.Elephants’ sounds differ from other species.
C.Elephants’ names sound exactly like humans’.
D.Elephants’ names sound different from each other.
2. How did the researchers conduct their study?
A.By grouping the elephants based on intelligence.
B.By observing the elephants’ reactions to the calls.
C.By analyzing the relationship within the elephants.
D.By copying the elephants’ voice to call their names.
3. What is the function of AI in the research?
A.Simplifying the process.B.Creating a spectrogram.
C.Letting out various rumbles.D.Making out each rumble.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A.How do elephants contact each other?B.Why do elephants make their voice?
C.Do elephants name one another?D.Do elephants like to be called?
阅读理解-阅读单选(约230词) | 容易(0.94) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了圣赫勒拿(St Helena)这个位于南大西洋中部的英国海外领土,包括其地理位置、大小、人口、气候以及可达性等信息。

5 . Location

St Helena is one of the remotest islands on Earth. The subtropical (亚热带的) British Overseas Territory sits in the middle of the South Atlantic Ocean, 1,200 miles from the west coast of Africa and 1,800 miles from the east coast of South America.

Size Population

St Helena is only 16 km long and 9 km wide and the population is 5,000. This is 1/3 the size of the Isle of Wight, and the same size as Disney World Orlando. This is also the same size as San Francisco-yet the island has just 0.5% of San Francisco’s population. With an extremely low-crime community, you can freely explore the island’s natural and built attractions in peace.

Climate

As a subtropical island, St Helena’s temperature is 15-28℃ all year round. While the four seasons are not recognized on St Helena, the “cooler months” are generally June to September and the “hotter months” are December to March. St Helena is free from extreme weather events, with even thunderstorms only occurring perhaps once a decade.

Accessibility

Until 2017, St Helena did not have an airport and was only accessible by sea. Reaching the island meant a five-day ship voyage from Cape Town, South Africa. However, since October 2017, the island’s first and only airport has enabled passengers to reach the island in just a six-hour flight.

1. In what aspect are St Helena and San Francisco alike?
A.Climate.B.Population.C.Crime rate.D.Area.
2. What can best describe the climate of St Helena?
A.Tropical.B.Mild.C.Dry.D.Extreme.
3. How could visitors gain entry into St Helena before 2017?
A.By plane.B.By car.C.By ship.D.By train.
2024-03-29更新 | 61次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省安庆市桐城中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学教学质量检测英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是说明文。研究人员发现,Florida Keys的海胆数量相对稳定,这对研究海洋生态系统有重要意义。

6 . Marine life (海洋生物) in Florida Keys is negatively influenced by two forces: human activity and climate change. The former involves fishing, tourism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Fortunately, when the researchers of Florida Museum of Natural History started looking for sea urchins (海胆) on the ocean floor off the coast of Florida Keys in the summer of 2020, they uncovered their population had relatively been stable since the 1960s.

The researchers visited 27 sites along a 20-mile stretch of coast near Florida Keys looking for tracks that reflected the presence of burrowing echinoids (穴居海胆类动物).“The findings that burrowing echinoids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and environmental pollution over the last 60 years was a huge discovery for us.” said study co-author Tobias Grun.

Grun said, “However, we know little about their current distribution, population size, and health. The reason is not the lack of interest by the scientific community but lies in that fieldwork is very expensive.” As the climate crisis progresses, it’s important to understand why some marine creatures are more resilient in bearing the impacts of a worsening environment than others. Grun said, “Evolution may be at play. Some marine animals are very opportunistic. They can tolerate a wide range of abiotic factors like pH, temperature, and salinity, to name a few.”

Grun added, “At this point, our data show that burrowing echinoids are more resilient than many other marine species and are doing comparatively well. That does not mean that we can push our luck and keep going the way we are right now. Our study provides some hope that these creatures are resilient, but much more work is needed to translate our findings into a larger scale. The reasons for their resilience are also widely unknown.”

1. Which has a bad effect on the marine life in Florida Keys?
A.Wildfire.B.Farming.C.Fishing.D.Flood.
2. What did Grun think of the findings?
A.Indifferent.B.Important.C.Subjective.D.Outdated
3. What was a challenge for the research according to Grun?
A.The aims.B.The membersC.The costD.The usage
4. What does Grun tell us in the last paragraph?
A.It’s necessary to do further research.
B.It’s right to keep going the present way.
C.The reasons for sea urchins’ resilience are well known.
D.Fish are more resilient than other marine species.
2024-03-27更新 | 83次组卷 | 1卷引用:安徽省安庆市桐城中学2023-2024学年高一下学期开学教学质量检测英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇新闻报道,文章主要讲述长沙16岁的女孩徐卓媛成功登顶珠峰的故事。

7 . A16-year-old girl from Changsha, Hunan province, successfully reached the top of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West, on Monday morning, becoming the youngest Chinese female to conquer the world’s highest top from the southern slope (坡).

Xu Zhuoyuan is a first year high school student from Hunan province. On April 15, she left Changsha for Nepal. On April 21, she began her long walk from Lukla. 7 days later, she arrived at the base camp and started her altitude adaptation training at once. At 10 pm Beijing time on May 14, Xu Started walking from Camp 4 at an altitude of 7,950 meters on the southern slope of Qomolangma. After a punishing 10-hour climb, she successfully reached the summit.

Xu Zhuoyuan’s father, Xu Jianglei, was the first person from Hunan province to reach the top of Qomolangma. Xu Zhuoyuan has been exploring remote areas with him since she was very young. Despite her young age, Xu Zhuoyuan has already climbed five mountains over 5,000 meters in China. When she was 12 years old, she made a statement on Hunan TV saying, “I will climb Qomolangma.”

Four years later, she achieved her promise. Although Xu Zhuoyuan has rich climbing experience, she has been experiencing high-intensity professional training non-stop to conquer Qomolangma. Last year, she climbed Mount Muztagata, which stands 7,546 meters. “Human beings are small in the face of nature. We should respect nature and get closer to Qomolangma,” said Xu Zhuoyuan.

She brought the gloves her father used when he reached the top with her as a form of inheritance and to bear witness to her own dream coming true. After finishing her university studies, she hopes to continue climbing and achieve the “7+2” (7 tops plus the North and South Poles).

1. When did Xu Zhuoyuan arrive at the base camp?
A.On April 15.B.On April 21.C.On April 28.D.On May 14.
2. Which words can best describe Xu Zhuoyuan?
A.Honest and sincere.B.Clever and smart.
C.Caring and devoted.D.Determined and brave.
3. Why was Xu Jianglei mentioned in paragraph 3?
A.To describe his achievements.
B.To show his impact on his daughter.
C.To recognize his support for the girl.
D.To stress girls should be taken good care of.
4. What message does the text want to convey?
A.It’s better to be famous when you are young.
B.Qomolangma draws more and more people.
C.Great determination helps to conquer higher goals.
D.A great father is needed to shock the whole world.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Natalie通过自己的努力,研制出了一款对环境无害的一次性降落伞,用来投放救济物资。

8 . Many disaster-relief programs transport tons of supplies, such as food, water and heavy equipment, by road using large trucks. But some supplies may weigh just a few kilograms or less. For example, a package might contain a few doses of life-saving medicine.

The parachutes (降落伞) that carry these packages from planes are often made of nylon (尼龙). After one use, these parachutes are usually discarded. Because nylon is a polymer (聚合物), it does not decompose quickly. Therefore, Natalie looked for a greener alternative.

Nylon is strong, but a parachute used only once for light packages does not need to be that strong. Paper might be good enough, thought the teen. Plus, a paper parachute can be folded into a tiny package, just like a fabric parachute. Moreover, she notes there are many different ways to fold the unopened paper parachute.

Natalie came up with several folded designs and tested them. Her first models were small, so she could test them indoors. Two were triangular (三角形的). Two more were rectangular (长方形的). One of the rectangular ones opened most smoothly, she found. It also fell and landed most steadily as it dropped through the air. “Such features can be important when the goal is to deliver a package to the ground softly and accurately,” she says.

Natalie showcased her designs at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair. Natalie’s single-use paper parachutes are not harmful to the environment. They are also less expensive than parachutes made from more traditional materials. A nylon parachute of the same size as her design would cost about $31, she says. One made from silk, another common parachute fabric, would cost almost $16. But a parachute made from paper would likely cost less than $1, Natalie estimates.

1. Why are many relief supplies mentioned in the first paragraph?
A.To list an example.B.To answer a question.C.To lead in the topic.D.To make a comparison.
2. What does the underlined word “decompose” mean in paragraph 2?
A.Go bad.B.Break down.C.Run away.D.Bend down.
3. Which of the following paper parachute is fit for delivering packages softly?
A.A small one.B.A big one.C.A rectangular one.D.A triangular one.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A.Reducing Environmental Impact with Paper Parachutes
B.Eco-friendly Paper Parachutes for Disaster Relief
C.The High Cost of Traditional Parachutes
D.A Teen’s Quest for Better Disaster Relief
阅读理解-阅读单选(约240词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。比尔•盖茨自幼擅长科学和数学,13岁对计算机产生兴趣。他在哈佛大学开发了第一台微型计算机的基础语言,后创办微软公司。他还写了一本畅销书,介绍如何用计算机新技术解决商业问题。盖茨兴趣广泛,热爱阅读、打高尔夫和桥牌。

9 . Bill Gates was born in 1955. He grew up in Seattle, Washington. When he was young, he was good at science and maths. And he wanted to be a scientist.

Bill started to play with computers when he was 13. At that time, computers were very large machines. Once he was interested in a very old computer. He and some of his friends spent lots of time doing unusual things with it. In the end, they worked out a software program with the old machine. Bill sold it for 4,200 dollars when he was only 17.

In 1973, Bill went to Harvard University. He developed the Basic Language for the first microcomputer. In his third year, he left Harvard. Bill began his company in 1975 with his friend Paul Allen. They thought that the computer would be a very important tool in every office and in every home, so they began developing software for personal computers. They developed the software to make it easier for people to use computers.

In 1999, Bill wrote a book. In the book, he told people how computer technology could solve business problems in new ways. It was one of the best-sellers on The New York Times’ list. Bill Gates has many hobbies. He enjoyed reading very much. He also enjoys playing golf and bridge.

1. When did Bill begin to play with computers?
A.In 1968.B.In 1966.
C.In 1965.D.In 1972.
2. How old was Bill when he went to Harvard University?
A.17 years old.B.18 years old.
C.19 years old.D.20 years old.
3. Bill wrote a book about _________.
A.how to do unusual things
B.how to play computer games
C.how to work out a software program
D.how to solve business problems with the help of computers in new ways
4. Which of the following is true?
A.Bill Gates developed the Basic Language for the first microcomputer.
B.Bill Gates enjoys playing computer games.
C.Bill Gates wrote many science books.
D.Bill Gates books are on the top of best-sellers.
2024-03-26更新 | 27次组卷 | 1卷引用:辽宁省铁岭市调兵山市第二高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学英语试题
阅读理解-七选五(约240词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了智能家居的工作方式以及好处。

10 . People are always living with technology nowadays. Here comes a smart home, which is controlled by the touch of a button.     1     This acts like a remote control to activate household systems and monitor inside temperatures. If done successfully, a smart home system will be integrated so seamlessly that a household will appear to run itself.

Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home.     2     An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security to homeowners.

Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on timers, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home.     3    

Home automation is not just for safety, however.     4     With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to turn down the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.

    5     Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.

A.A smart home doesn’t apply to all family members.
B.It achieves this by saving homeowners time and money.
C.There are some drawbacks with an automated home system.
D.It can also provide convenience for people living in the home.
E.Home automation depends on furniture and home temperatures.
F.Through home automation, an entire house can be connected via a smart controller.
G.Besides protecting people, it also offers security for expensive items inside a residence.
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