1 . You take it for granted that you are a unique person, different from everyboy else on Earth, and you understand that everybody else is also unique. Identical (完全一样的) twins are fascinating because they______this idea: they are unique people, of course, not only in terms of appearance. They often share opinions, mannerisms and personality trails.

Identical twins are ______ occuring in about three out of every 1000 births. Although there may be tiny differences in physical appeaances between two identical twins, which allow family and close friends to ______ , they do have exactly the same DNA.

For scientists, the non- ______ similarities between identical twins are the most interesting: are they the result of growing up together in the same home, or are they the result of their identical DNA? By studying identical twins who have not grown up ______, researchers can see which similarities remain and which disappear. In other words, they can learn which aspects of a person’s ______ are determined by genes and which are influenced by the environment.

Identical twins Jim Lewis and Jim Springer were only four weeks old when they were ______: each infant was taken in by a different adoptive family. At age five, Lewis learned that he had a twin, but he said that the ideas never ______ “soaked in” until he was 38 years old. Springer learned of his twin at age eight, but both he and his adoptive parents believed the brother had died. The two Jims were finally reunited at age 39.

The ______ the twins shared not only amazed one another, but also amazed researchers at the University of Minnesota. The very fact that both twins were given the same name was a big ______. But there’s more.

As youngsters, each Jim had a dog named “Toy”.

One Jim had named his son James Allan and the other Jim had named his son James Alan

Both were fingernail biters and suffered from migraine headaches.

…

While not as mysteriously similar as the Jim twins, many more ______ of strange likenesses can be found among twins who were raised apart. For example, identical twins Tom Patterson and Steve Tazuni had very different ______ . Raised in a Christian family in rural Kansas, Tom still managed to choose the same ______ as his brother. Steve, who lives in Philadelphia, was raised in a Buddhist household. Both men own body-building gyms.

It’s obvious from these twins’ stories that ______ are a major factor in shaping who we are. This means that our personalities as adults are largely determined before we are born — and there is very little that we, or anybody else, can do to ______ them.

1.

A．challenge

B．confirm

C．promote

D．capture

2.

A．typical

B．rare

C．considerable

D．encouraging

3.

A．get them across

B．take them around

C．tell them apart

D．see them off

4.

A．existent

B．identical

C．principal

D．physical

5.

A．together

B．normally

C．alone

D．happily

6.

A．life

B．experience

C．appearance

D．identity

7.

A．separated

B．isolated

C．united

D．recognized

8.

A．hardly

B．truly

C．obviously

D．legally

9.

A．opinions

B．resources

C．similarities

D．feelings

10.

A．issue

B．opportunity

C．secret

D．coincidence

11.

A．instincts

B．reasons

C．instances

D．lessons

12.

A．characteristics

B．upbringings

C．objectives

D．attitudes

13.

A．career

B．option

C．value

D．strategy

14.

A．backgrounds

B．genes

C．families

D．surroundings

15.

A．diagnose

B．acquire

C．change

D．foresee

2 .     1    

We all know that Italy is the best place and it is well known for its unique boot shape size with a rich history and culture. When you're travelling to Europe there are more reasons to stay and go for a visit in Italy.

Enjoy the artwork and its history.

Italy is a country which is decorated with overflowing art and specialized with a 40% artwork when calculated roughly. These various masterpieces will be seen from different art periods in museums all over the country when you visit Italy. Apart from the museums, you can also view fine examples of Medieval, Gothic, Baroque and Romanesque art in various churches.     2     Some few countries do not claim to have a capital city which was one of the most powerful empires in the world, nor can any match Italy as the birthplace of the European Renaissance.

Taste the good food.

Italian cuisine will be the best and most popular in worldwide dishes. Many visitors take this Italian food as their favorite. It comes as no surprise because of its rich and interesting flavors.

    3    

When considered with the fashions and more culture, this country will give a full fashion and can see cities like Milan which is considered to be the world's capitals for fashion and design.     4     They are particularly in the shopping center along the street of Montenapoleone, for buying trendy clothes, bags and shoes which are made up of excellent and genuine Italian leather.

A．Follow the culture and fashion.

B．Reasons for paying a visit to Italy.

C．Many people would like to visit Italy.

D．Italy has the best history for its artwork

E．It is a member of various international organizations

F．The best Italian and even international fashion houses can be seen everywhere.

3 . Teachers and parents usually call attention to the pictures when reading storybooks to preschool children. But a new study suggests that calling attention to print – the words and letters on the page may lead to _________readers.

The two-year study_________children aged 3 to 5 who were divided into two groups.The teachers helped each group to read in two different ways. Over three hundred students were considered to be likely to_________reading problems in future life, and they were_________ in a classroom setting. After reviewing the recorded lessons, the researchers found that those students whose teachers most often_________the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding.

Professor Shayne Piasta, the study's author, says most teachers would find this method_________because it needs only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only_________ in the new method would be increased attention to the print.

Ms.Piasta says if adults can_________children in the stories and get them to pay attention to letters and words, it is certain that they will do better at_________recognition.But few parents and teachers do this in a(n)__________way by starting first with letters, then__________moving to words, sentences and paragraphs.__________,they habitually turn to the attractive pictures first, thus misleading the children.

Teachers and parents can point to a letter and outline its shape with a finger. They can point to a word and__________"This is 'dog'". They can discuss the meaning of the print to find how the words are combined to tell the story. And they can talk about the__________of the print, for example, how words are written from left to right. By__________ training in this way, the teachers will definitely raise the students’ ability to read.

1.

A．healthier

B．better

C．worse

D．happier

2.

A．compared

B．abandoned

C．adopted

D．accompanied

3.

A．miss

B．solve

C．have

D．raise

4.

A．found

B．locked

C．interviewed

D．observed

5.

A．twisted

B．discussed

C．tore

D．overlooked

6.

A．difficult

B．confusing

C．unbelievable

D．manageable

7.

A．difference

B．problem

C．affection

D．trick

8.

A．annoy

B．amaze

C．interest

D．puzzle

9.

A．word

B．voice

C．story

D．number

10.

A．easy

B．appropriate

C．different

D．familiar

11.

A．silently

B．suddenly

C．gradually

D．mostly

12.

A．Therefore

B．Instead

C．Otherwise

D．Moreover

13.

A．guarantee

B．propose

C．explain

D．admit

14.

A．organization

B．development

C．information

D．improvement

15.

A．regularly

B．gently

C．secretly

D．rarely

4 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Common Heroism

In a few short weeks, the world lost not one but two literary giants. Louis Cha, better known as Jin Yong, passed away on Oct. 30, and Stan Lee     1     (leave) this world on Nov.12. While the two worked on opposite sides of the world and generally had different fan bases, they each pass on a legacy(遗产) that will continue to influence generations to come.

Over 60 years ago, both Stan and Louis began their writing careers. Stan worked on comic books, creating many individuals     2     special abilities. You may know them as Marvel superheroes. Meanwhile, Louis wrote wuxia novels,     3     (combine) ancient Chinese philosophies, history and martial arts. They were completely different from each other-in story, setting, and styles, etc.--but there was one thing that their characters shared, an ideal. Perhaps     4     (good) way to describe it would be by something Stan Lee said: “Another definition of a hero is someone who is concerned about other people’s well-being. and will go out of his or her way to help them,     5     there is no chance of a reward. That person is indeed, without a doubt, a real superhero.”

There is a reason     6     so many of us wanted to grow up to be firefighters or police officers instead of lawyers or bankers. We wanted to be heroes. Sure, only some of us become firefighters or police officers, but the idea stays with us. This central philosophy of heroism as described above by Stan Lee     7     (represent) by the likes of his own Captain America and Louis Cha’s Guo Jing. We simply interpret it and bring it into our everyday lives. When someone is being bullied(欺负), you choose to stand up for them because that’s     8     Guo Jing would have done. When a stranger looks like he needs help, you ask     9    , “What would Captain America do?” And you act.

Comic books and wuxia novels in some sense are like fairy tales for an older crowd. We read them     10     (remind) of the people we want to become. Math, science and economics may help us make more money, but they don't teach us about justice, friendship and self-sacrifice. Both Stan Lee and Louis Cha stopped writing in the 1970s, but their works live on and will continue to change the way we think and act.

Today, we show respect for two individuals who have made the world a better place.

5 . Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Teamwork

Human are social animals. Cooperation is thought to be a key component of human nature. Working together allowed our early ancestors to survive; some experts assume that it even gave us an evolutionary advantage over other species of early humans who later died out. Cooperation allows humans to solve problems that individuals, acting alone, could not solve. Raising children or keeping a clean household, for example, requires cooperation and a fair division of the workload. The same applies in almost any workplace, where good teamwork is necessary for goals to be met and customers to be satisfied.

Effective teamwork increases efficiency because more people are sharing the load. It also boosts morale(士气), and reduces the risk that a project will be held up if one team member is absent or unable to contribute.

However, working together doesn’t always work. For some teams, it may be due to personality conflicts- two people who both prefer to “take charge”, for instance, may struggle to cooperate. For other people, being on a team may actually promote laziness; since others are contributing, they may feel less pressure to do their share.

Teamwork comes naturally to humans as a whole, but that doesn't always mean it’s easy for individuals to work with others. Research has found that certain qualities are consistent predictors of a strong team. These include good communication-including ensuring that every member is given a chance to speak-and a trait known as “social sensitivity,” or members' ability to understand each other's thoughts and feelings and respectfully engage in disagreements.

6 . Why We Still Need Newspapers

If you needed information about the past, you went to the library. If you needed information about the present or the future, you looked to the newspaper. It offers everything you need to know-news, analysis, commentary(实况转播) and practical knowledge.

    1     Movie times? The theater website. Jobs? LinkedIn. Restaurant reviews? Yelp. Science breakthroughs? Glzmodo. com. Travel recommendations? Trip-advisor.com. If you want information on companies, politicians, sports teams, events, etc., you go straight to the source-websites-and skip the intermediary(中介), the newspaper.

The information age, which made us richer in knowledge, is now making us poorer.     2     In the past, the technical and visual quality of online material was a reliable indicator for determining legitimacy(合法性). Most people were not taken in by emails from “wealthy Nigerian princes” thanks to their extremely bad grammar and spelling.

During the last presidential election, however, Russian Facebook posts and Twitter blogs may have been sophisticated(复杂巧妙的) enough to affect quite a few Americans. Unfortunately, it’s going to get worse. Emerging technology can alter photographs and video without leaving obvious signs. In the future，fact and forgery(伪造) will be more indistinguishable.     3    

While some bloggers provide thoughtful, factually accurate commentary, it is just that, commentary. Good commentary is useful, but it is not news. Similarly, websites operated by industries, think-banks, universities, governments, businesses and community groups, even when 100 percent factual, are selective in their content and biased(倾向性的) toward their own interests. Though valuable, their content presents the whole picture.

    4     The breadth and depth of the news coverage guided by professional standards that limit bias, however imperfectly, ensure readers are exposed to information that they are not looking for or expect to see.

We human beings don’t really want to see the whole picture most of the time because we are motivated to seek information that we believe.

A．Newspapers have not yet tarted to shut down in large numbers, but it is only a matter of time.

B．The same internet that has eased access to information is enabling the spreading of false and incomplete information.

C．Newspapers don’t present the whole picture either, but they take us a little closer.

D．But today, if you want political commentary you may go to a blog instead.

E．Since the dawn of mass media, newspapers, radio and television have all been used to inform and educate the public.

F．That’s why we must rely on trustworthy intermediaries to tell s and interpret what happened.

7 . In 1920, Johnson and Johnson’s employee Earle Dickson created the first bandage to cover the frequent burns and cuts his wife Josephine inflicted on herself while cooking. The hand-made prototype(雏形) was instantly adopted by his employer and marketed as Band-Aid, a brand that has become the same with the word bandage. However, while the strips may now look different from Dickson’s creation, they still perform the same job—prevent bacteria                    from entering the wounds.

What bandages that now come in all shapes, colors and sizes are unable to do is protecting the body from the germs already present in the wounds. Nevertheless, that may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to anew bandage that not only acts as a barrier between outer bacteria and the wound, but also sucks out the ones already present.

The brilliant technology is being studied by Martina Abirgo. The team began by creating nanofibers(纳米纤维) using a technique called electrospinning(静电纺丝). Used to build artificial tissue, it produces strands that are 100 times thinner than a single human hair. The nanofibers were then interwoven to create the smart bandage.

The mesh(网状物) was then put to test on a bacterium known to cause wound infections. The researchers noticed that the germs were immediately drawn to the fibers. What was interesting was that the bandage was most effective when the nanofiber's diameter was the same size as that of the individual bacterium. When the threads were thinner, fewer of the bacteria attached and those did die as they tried to wrap themselves around the fiber.

For their second test, the scientists coasted the net with compounds. They then tested its effectiveness in drawing out the E.coli(大肠杆菌) bacterium that is common in chronic wounds. They found that the bacteria quickly attached themselves to the mesh regardless of the size of the fiber

Though such a bandage would certainly be real cool for everyday playground scrapes and cuts, the technology is a lifesaver for people with damaged immunity levels. These include patients afflicted with diseases like diabetes and cancer. The researchers believe the technology could also be used to create protective clothing.

1. What is the problem with the bandages on the market now?

A．They can’t prevent bacteria entering the wound.

B．They can’t kill the germs in the wound.

C．They can’t be made into all shapes and sizes.

D．They infect a wound with disease germs.

2. How does the smart bandage remove the bacteria?

A．The bacteria fail to attack the immune system.

B．The bacteria are prevented from entering the wounds by nanofibers.

C．The bacteria are sucked out by the innovative nanofibers.

D．The bacteria are separated from the nanofibers.

3. The phrase “afflicted with” in the last paragraph may mean________.

A．associated with.	B．exposed to.
C．dying of.	D．suffering from.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．A Smart Bandage Extracts Bacteria from Wounds.

B．Traditional Bandage Is an Amazingly Clever Invention.

C．Scientists Test New Bandages on Bacteria.

D．Diseases Can Be Prevented by Smart Bandages.

8 . Charlie Boice from Georgia has been crowned this year’s “Papa” Hemingway at a look-alike contest. The 56-year-old retired air traffic controller won the annual competition at Sloppy Joe’s Bar in Florida—a place Hemingway often visited during his time in Key West in the 1930s—on his 15^th attempt.

Dressed in a wool fisherman's sweater in a bid to imitate photographer Yousuf Karsh's famous portrait of the world-famous American writer, Boice looked extremely happy as he was declared winner. He was chosen as the winner by the judging committee made up of former “Papa” Hemingways, all of whom look strikingly similar. Speaking to CBS Miami, Boice said. “Winning the Hemingway Look-Alike Contest is fantastic. I feel like a champion. Hemingway was a champion.”

During the contest, the 122 competitors had to take to the stage and attempt to convince the judges that they were the most similar to the “Papa” character of Hemingway, who won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1954 but committed suicide in 1961.Many did so by performing poetry or singing.

The competition, which helps to raise money for a Hemingway Look-Alike Society-administrated college scholarship fund, is a highlight of the annual Hemingway Days festival honoring the author. Just before the competition, an unusual event Running of the Bulls took place with the look-alikes. The video made by Florida Keys News Bureau shows the white-bearded men chanting and singing as they march through Key West's historic downtown with several life-sized, but fake bulls.

Also on Saturday, a California community college professor won the Lorian Hemingway Short Story Competition, which attracted as many as 857American and international entries. Riba Taylor of Palm Springs won the first award with her story titled “Between My Ribs.” Lorian Hemingway, Ernest Hemingway’s granddaughter, said Taylor displayed deep sympathy in her story to the woman who lost her love, a life changed and the power of memory.

1. What did many competitors do to prove that they were the most similar to Ernest Hemingway?

A．They should wear fisherman’s sweaters.

B．They should pay a visit to Sloppy Joe’s Bar in Florida.

C．They should perform poetry or sing on the stage.

D．They should march with several life-sized fake bulls.

2. What is the significance of the annual Hemingway Days festival?

A．The event takes place to raise money for a college scholarship fund.

B．The festival is held in memory of Ernest Hemingway.

C．The event takes place in honor of the Nobel Prize winners in literature.

D．The festival is held in hope of passing down the local traditions.

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A．Many people look like Ernest Hemingway in the US.

B．Bull fighting is very popular throughout the world.

C．There are many people interested in writing short stories.

D．Ernest Hemingway is loved and respected worldwide.

9 . Innovation Isn’t an Idea Problem

When most organizations try to increase their innovation efforts, they always seem to start from the same assumption: “we need more ideas.” However, innovation isn’t prevented by a lack of ideas, but rather a lack of noticing the good ideas already there. It’s a________problem, not an idea problem.

Consider a well-known example from history. Xerox developed the first personal computer, but didn’t_______ enough in the technology and allowed Steve Jobs and Apple to snatch the opportunity away.

This isn’t just a fun example of smart people and established companies being________; it actually reflects a bias(偏见) against new and creative ideas when we're faced with even small amounts of________.That's the implications of a study by a team of researchers led by Wharton’s Jennifer Mueller. The research team divided participants into two groups and created a small level of uncertainty in one group by telling them they would be qualified for additional payment based on a________lottery(彩票) of participants. The researchers didn't give specifics around how their chance for additional payment would work, but it was enough to yield some feelings of uncertainly within the group.

The participants were then given two tests. The first test was designed to judge their implicit perceptions(隐式知觉) about creativity and practicality. Participants were shown two sets of word pairs created by combining words that reflected creativity or practicality with words that________a positive or negative meaning, and then were asked to select their preferred phrase. The second test was designed to specifically survey their feelings toward new, creative ideas. In this test, participants were simply asked to________their feelings toward creativity and practicality on a scale from I to 7.The researchers found that those exposed to a small amount of uncertainty said they________creativity, but actually favored the practical word pairings over the creative pairings.

If such a(n)________bias against creativity is present in times of uncertainly, it might explain why so many_______ innovations were initially rejected. The same uncertainty that triggers the need for companies to innovate may also be triggering executives to be rejecting the discoveries that could help them gain a competitive________

One possible solution to this “idea killing” problem is to change the________ideas have to move through. Instead of using the traditional hierarchy（等级制度）to find and approve ideas the________process could be spread across the whole organization. That’s the approach Rhode Island-based Rite-Solutions has taken for almost a decade. Rite-Solutions has set up an “idea market” on their internal website where anyone can post an idea and volunteer to work on project ideas they support. The program not only has produced huge gains for the company, but has created a(n)________where new ideas are recognized and developed throughout the entire company, a democratization(民主化) of recognition.________, it’s a system based on the assumption that everyone in the company already has great ideas and the market just makes them better at finding those ideas. It’s not an idea-solution; it’s a recognition-solution.

1.

A．principle

B．recognition

C．prediction

D．communication

2.

A．engage

B．participate

C．progress

D．invest

3.

A．wise

B．funny

C．wrong

D．proud

4.

A．uncertainty

B．fancy

C．imagination

D．risk

5.

A．conscious

B．random

C．deliberate

D．innovative

6.

A．explained

B．discovered

C．conveyed

D．hid

7.

A．describe

B．select

C．recognize

D．rate

8.

A．valued

B．maintained

C．abandoned

D．rejected

9.

A．casual

B．negative

C．original

D．weak

10.

A．expensive

B．private

C．notable

D．public

11.

A．advantage

B．world

C．spirit

D．technology

12.

A．staff

B．mind

C．crowd

D．structure

13.

A．thought

B．design

C．approval

D．business

14.

A．culture

B．impression

C．regulation

D．game

15.

A．After all

B．As a rule

C．As a result

D．In addition

10 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. irreversible       B. relatively       C. model       D. effect       E. pioneering       F. demonstrate G. lightweight       H alternative       I. occasionally       J. upset       K. presented

CIIE a Platform to Share Future

After over a year of preparation, the China Import International Expo (CIIE)kicked off on November 5 in Shanghai. It is the world’s first import-oriented national exhibition and a     1     event in the history of international trade.

Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered the keynote speech at the opening of the six-day event. “Great winds and storms may     2     a pond but not an ocean.” Xi said, comparing China to a vast sea. “After 5,000 years of rials and tribulations(艰难困苦), China is still here. Looking ahead, China will be here to stay!” He called for strengthening opening-up and cooperation. saying economic globalization is an “    3     historical trend.”

Under the theme of “New Era, Shared Future,” the CIIE helps countries from around the world to seize opportunities     4     by China’s development in the new era. It also offers a platform for countries to deepen international business cooperation for shared prosperity and progress. The event has attracted a total of 172 countries, regions and international organizations and over 3,600 enterprises to     5     their unique products and technological achievements. More than 100 new products and technologies debuted(首次亮相) at the CIIE.

Aeromobil, a Slovakian(斯洛伐克的) company which has developed the world’s first “flying car,” showcased a     6     at the Expo that wowed the crowds. The vehicle, which can transform into flight mode in three minutes， provides the aviation(航空) industry with a promising     7    .Conforming to(符合) automotive safety standards with    8     materials and a hybrid(混合的) electric powertrain(动力系统), the car may allow people to realize the dream of true freedom of movement both in the air and on the road.

In the exhibition area of food and agricultural products, guides from Ghana(加纳), showed the specialities they brought to visitors, saying that Ghana's chocolate is not only delicious, but can stand     9     high temperatures. The chocolate won’t melt, even if held in hands.

Although the expo itself lasted only six days, the     10     of the fair would be felt far beyond that limited amount of time. The message is loud and clear. China will not close its door to the world and it will only become more and more open.