1 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. attracted	B. connecting	C. cooperation	D. course	E. implement
F. original	G. perspective	H. solution	I. unique

Jul 8, 2021 — On July 25, executive producers Ridley Scott and Kai Hsuing, along with director Kevin Macdonald will invite the global community to pick up cameras to create “Life In A Day 2022”.

In 2010, “Life In A Day” brought the online community together for a massive feature film project that     1     8,000 submissions. The final film was released in 2011, and has been watched over 16 million times ever since.

Exactly 12 years after the     2     “Life In A Day,” the world will once again come together to create the second YouTube documentary that tells the story of a single day on Earth. Selected footage from participants like you will be woven together in this documentary to tell the story of an ordinary day during these extraordinary times.

On a single day, Saturday, July 25, people around the world are invited to film their day. Maybe you’ll be filming from home, or maybe you’re in a part of the world where you’re figuring out how to move forward in a different place. Maybe you’re     3     with friends, reuniting with family, or going to work. Maybe it’s a special day — you are getting married, moving out, and sharing important news. Or maybe it’s just a normal day. We want to weave together these     4     experiences and ideas to create a time capsule of this moment.

The final feature film will be edited over the     5     of five months, produced entirely through what is found in the submitted footage. Once the submission window closes, a 30-person team of multilingual reviewers will     6     the translation process of the submitted videos. At present, the filmmakers are encouraging people from all over the world to take part, and they hope to capture a wide     7     on life. Submissions are open from July 25 to August 2, which means you will only have one week to submit your footage.

While only a small number of the submitted clips will make it into the movie, the filmmakers hope the filming day itself becomes a significant day of global participation. The “Life In A Day 2022” project celebrates the importance of everyone’s coming together in a moment of equal worldwide     8    . Looking forward to your participation!

2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

My decision to leave England and travel around the world was the best decision I’ve made. I     1     (learn) so much from this journey so far, and if I could go back, I wouldn’t do it any differently.

When I lost my job     2     the economic crisis, I decided enough was enough. Within two weeks I had sold all of my furniture, given up the apartment and collected    3     much extra money together as I could from jobs, deposits and so on. With a one-way ticket out of England     4     (book), I took off and never looked back.

I contacted a friend    5     worked on a Greek island in the summer seasons, and as it turned out, it was a much     6     (easy) task to find jobs and accommodation out there. With the limited money I had left, I booked a one-way ticket to the island of Zakynthos (扎金索斯岛) in the hope of finding some time to figure out my next move while earning some money.

I had only been on the island for three days and I found my accommodation and had a job offer. From then on, I settled into a “normal routine” for holiday island workers. Every day I went to the beach or pool     7     (share) gossip with my fellow English workers. Then I would be home to change for work at 5 pm. After working from 5 p.m. to 1 a.m. with no break, I would finish and head to the closest bar for cocktails and meet the rest of my friends.

To be honest, I find it hard to recall many stories or things I did during this time, but I know I had a fun time     8     (do) it. Zakynthos became a four-month-long party where I had the best and worst time of my life.

3 . Deep below the ground, radioactive elements break up water molecules（分子）, producing ingredients that can fuel subsurface life. This process, known as radio-lysis（辐射分解）, has sustained bacteria in isolated, water-filled cracks on Earth for millions to billions of years. Now a study published in Astro-biology shows that radiolysis may have supported life in the Martian subsurface.

Dust storms, rays in the universe and solar winds ruin the Red Planet's surface. But below-ground, some life might find refuge. "The environment with the best chance of habitability on Mars is the subsurface," says Jesse Tarnas, a planetary scientist at NASA. Examining the Martin underground could help scientists learn whether life could have survived there. And the best subsurface samples available today are Martin meteorites（陨石）that have crash-landed on Earth.

Tarnas and his colleague evaluated the mineral makeup and radio-active element abundance in the Martin surface using satellite and rover data. They input these data into a computer model that simulated（模拟）radiolysis to see how efficiently the process would have generated hydrogen gas and other chemical ingredients that can sustain the underground bacteria. The researchers report that if water was present, radiolysis in the Martin subsurface could have sustained life for billions of years and perhaps still could today.

Scientists previously studied Mars radiolysis, but this marks the first estimate using Martin rocks to quantify the planet's subsurface habitability. Tarnas and his colleagues also evaluated the potential richness of life in the Martin underground and found that as many as a million bacteria could exist in a kilogram of rock.

The most habitable meteorite samples analysed appeared to be made of a rock type called regolith breccia. "These are thought to come from the southern highlands of Mars, which is the most ancient area on Mars," Tarnas says.

Underground life, as described by this research, would require water and it remains unknown if groundwater exists on the planet, says Lujendra Ojha, a planetary scientist at Rutgers University. Determining whether the Martin subsurface contains water will be an important next step, but this investigation helps to motivate that search. Ojha says, "Where there is groundwater, there could be life."

1. Scientists believe the Martian subsurface might be habitable probably because _________.

A．the Martin surface absorbs rays in the universe

B．radio-lysis may exist in the Martian underground

C．radiation combines ingredients for subsurface life to survive

D．cracks in Martian meteorites overflow with bacteria

2. What's the purpose of using Martian meteorites?

A．To measure the Martian habitability below-ground

B．To simulate the process of producing hydrogen.

C．To help life find shelter from solar winds

D．To explore the source of hydrogen gas.

3. What can be inferred from the last 3 paragraphs?

A．Tarnas was the first to study Mars radiolysis.

B．The Martian underground proved to be rich in bacteria.

C．The southern highlands of Mars are the most habitable.

D．The existence of groundwater is key to the investigation findings.

4. The passage is mainly concerned with _________.

A．the reason for no life on the Martian surface

B．the source of data for the study of Martian habitability

C．the possibility of Mars sustaining life through radiation

D．the richness of radioactive elements below the Martian surface

4 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. housing        B. leisurely        C. sought        D. reference        E. primarily     F. leg G. winding        H. wildly        I. pioneered        J. major        K. highlight

18^th Century Grand Tour of Europe

The Grand Tour began in the 16^th century and gained popularity during the 17 th century. Privileged（有特权的）young European graduates     1     a trend where they traveled across the continent in search of art and cultural experiences upon their graduation. This practice, which grew to be     2     popular, became known as the Grand Tour. Specialty guidebooks, tour guides, and other aspects of the tourist industry were developed during this time to meet the needs of wealthy 20-something male and female travelers as they explored the European continent.

These young, classically - educated Tourists were rich enough to fund multiple years abroad for themselves and they took full advantage of this. They carried letters of     3     and introduction with them as they departed from southern England to communicate with and learn from people they met in other countries. Some Tourists     4     to continue their education and broaden their horizons while abroad, some were just after fun and     5     travels, but most desired a combination of both.

A typical journey through Europe was long and     6     with many stops along the way. London was commonly used as a starting point and the Tour was usually kicked off with a difficult trip across the English Channel. Crossing the wide channel was and is not easy. 17^th – and - 18^th - century Tourists risked sea-sickness, illness, and even shipwreck on this first     7     of travel.

Grand Tourists were     8     interested in visiting cities that were considered centers of culture at the time, so Paris, Rome, and Venice were not to be missed. The average Grand Tourist traveled from city to city, usually spending weeks in smaller cities and months in the three     9     ones.

The vast majority of Tourists took part in similar activities during their exploration with art at the center of it all. Once a Tourist arrived at a destination, he would look for     10     and settle in for anywhere from weeks to months, even years. Though certainly not an overly trying experience for most, the Grand Tour presented a unique set of challenges for travelers to overcome.

5 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Children's Fine Motor Skills

Using a fork to eat, zipping up a sweatshirt and turning a doorknob are all things most people do without thinking, but children spend their early years developing and refining these abilities. They are known as fine motor skills,       1     the small muscles of the hands with adequate strength, dexterity (灵巧) and coordination   (协调) to grasp and control objects are used. It is firmly believed       2     later, fine motor skills do help children to succeed in school.     3     are also important in day-to-day life.

    4     (watch) a baby use their uncoordinated arms and legs might be adorable, but these early reactions are practice for the fine motor skills they'll eventually develop.     5     Stephanie Reich, a professor of the University of California, toddlers need to increase the coordination of fine movements in the preschool years.     6     children grow older, these fine motor skills will improve and become more complex. For example, a 4-year-old may hold a crayon with their fist, using their whole hand to draw. But five-year-olds can start using a pencil between the first and middle fingers and thumb, as adults can.

The elementary school years and beyond see     7     (advanced) fine motor skills, such as when children learn to tie shoes between 5 and 6 years old. At about age 7,     8     (improve) performance can be amazingly witnessed. However, every child develops at their own pace. If a single milestone, such as using eating utensils (餐具),     9     (delay), it isn't necessarily cause for concern.

In fact, when working on fine motor skills in the classroom, short lessons provide the most benefit for learning,. Play-based learning is also one of the strategies that are preferred. Teachers may also use hand-eye coordination - the ability of a child's eyes     10     (control) their hands and fingers - to work with children to improve fine motor skills. Using computers, especially a keyboard and mouse, also helps younger children with fine motor skills.

6 . The Decision That Changed My Life

We make decisions every day. Whether it is a small decision like what to wear that day or a big decision like where to go to college, these decisions have at least some influence on the rest of our lives. I wanted to talk about a decision I made that has changed my life forever.    1    I know that it seems like such a tiny decision, but it truly has changed my life.

I gave up soda about a month and a half before my trip to the Bahamas as a healthy step towards “getting in shape” for my trip. At first I thought it was going to be really hard giving it up, but after that first two weeks I wasn’t thinking about soda at all. One tiling led to another and I started eating better, working out more and just generally living a healthier life. I had already seen a difference in my life following this healthier life style.    2     During my trip I was extremely tempted to drink soda because all we were drinking was water.    3    

That was because I wanted to show those who maybe thought I wouldn’t be able to do it that they were wrong. Soon the urge to drink soda somewhat disappeared and I really did not even become tempted by it by the end of the trip. I got home to the States and when I got back home I decided to weigh myself. I had lost 20 pounds on my trip!

I also wanted to give some advice for those who were in the same situation as I was, where you wanted/needed to give up something that you think you can’t live without.    4     My friends really helped me out by supporting me and reminding me of the reason why I was doing it. Lastly, remember why you are giving it up. Use the goal of you losing weight or being generally healthier to motivate you through the struggle. In the end, giving up soda changed my life and I don’t regret my decision what so ever.

A．You need a support system.

B．I almost gave up a couple of times but stayed strong.

C．I felt happier, more energized and just all around better.

D．Weeks and weeks went by and I still was not missing drinking soda.

E．I hope you are inspired by my story to give up something that is bad for you.

7 . Kids take risks.

According to Laurence Hammerstein, professor of psychology at Temple University, there’s not much parents can do to stop that._________ seems to be pre-programmed into young brains, especially in adolescence (青春期).

Trying to get kids not to take risks, he says. “is an uphill battle against evolution, and we’re not going to _________ it,” he says. “Going out in the world is a(n)_________ risky thing to do.” Kids have to take those risks in older to become adults. So how can parents start _________ that help kids take the healthy risks—and avoid dangerous ones?

To start with, it’s never too early for parents to encourage kids to think about _________, both good and bad. So if kids have questions about risky situations, parents can _________ questions of their own, like “Why do you want to do this? Do you think something good will happen? Do you think anything bad might happen?”

Middle school kids are approaching adolescence, when body chemistry makes them more likely to _________ risks—both good and bad. So parents can talk with them about the fact that they’re going to need to take more risks as they grow up, and start conversations about how to _________ whether something is a good risk or a bad one. This is also a good time for parents to _________ kids to think about questions like, what are the chances this will turn out well? What are the chances something might __________?

The risks high school kids are likely to take might seem __________. But Hammerstein says it’s important for parents to realize that from the kid’s point of view, “there’s a positive side that may only be __________ to the adolescent.” That’s a good place to start a conversation. Understanding what motivates a kid to take a risk can help parents direct that motivation in positive ways and kids __________ dangerous risks. Kids don’t take those dangerous risks because they don’t know better, says Hammerstein. If you ask teenagers __________ about risky behaviors, “they all know that they’re risky because they have read many articles on the psychology of risk-taking.”

__________, “while they are taking risks,” says Hammerstein, “the reasonable part of kids’ brains is often overpowered (被打败的).”So part of helping kids managing risk is helping them think about the kind of situations they do and don’t want to be in before they get into them.

1.

A．Problem-solving

B．Science-learning

C．Risk-taking

D．Brain-washing

2.

A．win

B．afford

C．take

D．start

3.

A．extremely

B．naturally

C．amazingly

D．disappointingly

4.

A．instructions

B．requests

C．explanations

D．conversations

5.

A．wishes

B．solutions

C．results

D．measures

6.

A．answer

B．discover

C．ask

D．discuss

7.

A．engage in

B．suffer from

C．turn down

D．show up

8.

A．tell

B．wonder

C．express

D．admit

9.

A．cause

B．forbid

C．encourage

D．order

10.

A．go wrong

B．take place

C．work well

D．prove itself

11.

A．courageous

B．unpleasant

C．endangered

D．incomprehensible

12.

A．visible

B．practical

C．hidden

D．available

13.

A．select

B．avoid

C．affect

D．arouse

14.

A．in fact

B．in total

C．in theory

D．in detail

15.

A．Otherwise

B．Similarly

C．Therefore

D．However

8 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Carrying Firewood to Put Out a Fire

In 273 BC, the Qin army launched a more serious attack upon the State of Wei, which was too weak to defend itself. The king of the State of Wei gathered his officials, and asked them with a     1     (worry) look if anyone could propose a way to defeat the Qin army.

After years of difficulties     2     (cause) by the wars, the officials trembled when fighting was mentioned, and no one dared to speak of resistance.

At the critical moment     3     a large enemy force was approaching the border, most of the officials persuaded the king to beg for peace     4     the cost of giving away to the State of Qin, a large area of land.

However, Su Dai, a counselor, didn’t agree. He hurried up to the king and said, “Once there was a man     5     house was on fire. People told him to put out the fire with water, but he would not listen. Instead, he carried firewood to put out the fire, only     6     (make) the fire fiercer. Isn’t it similar to carrying firewood to put out a fire     7     you agree to trade the land of the State of Wei for peace?”

    8     Su Dai’s argument was very convincing, the king accepted the suggestion of those officials. Finally, the State of Wei was destroyed by the State of Qin. This story appears in the Historical Records written by Sima Qian. The phrase “carrying firewood to put out a fire”     9     (use) to mean adopting a wrong method to save a situation and ending up by making it     10     (bad).

9 . 近来，一系列“拍照搜题”的软件大受学生的欢迎，这些只要拍照就能搜到解题思路和答案的“神器”却让许多家长和老师犯了愁。你的学校对于学生使用这些学习软件开展了一次调查，下图是调查结果。请你就此写一篇文章，必须包括以下内容：
1.简要描述图表；
2.分析该现象，并谈谈你的看法。

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . A Mountain But not a Volcano

On September 20th the Bank of International Settlements (BIS), the central banks' central bank, released data showing that corporate borrowing around the world remains at an all time high. A notable ______ is in China, where there is even more business borrowing as a share of GDP than in Japan at the peak of its bubble-related borrowing fever in the 1990s. But it is high everywhere. Corporate ______ in the rich world stood at 102% of GDP at the end of March, compared with 92% before the outbreak of the covid-19 pandemic. Could high levels of debt ______ the recovery in advanced economies?

Many regulators were sounding the ______ about elevated company debt even before the covid19 pandemic. Since then, the hit to firm's incomes has led to a wave of rating downgrades: between March 2020 and March 2021, Fitch, a ratings agency, ______ 460 firms, or almost 20% of its corporate portfolio. While defanlts (违约) have eased this year as economies have recovered, many firms will be ______ by higher levels of debt for years to come. Even if interest rates remain ______, this "debt overhand" could affect their willingness to invest or to hire new staff.

Intriguingly, however, aftereffects from corporate debt booms rarely cause significant economic damage, even if ______ themselves suffer when firms default. A recent paper by Moritz Schularick, of the University of Bonn, and several co-authors, examines data on business cycles for 17 advanced countries over more than a century, and compares corporate debt bursts with those associated with ______ borrowing (like the 200809 financial crisis).

The authors argue that lenders often have a/an ______ to restructure old corporate loans, reducing the risk of "zombie" companies persisting, and freeing up finance to support the next recovery. For household debt, however, restructuring thousands of ______ loans is often impossible, and lenders may be more inclined to keep the loans on their books in the hope that house prices eventually ______. The risks to the economy are higher after commercial property bursts than for corporate debt where lenders mainly have their eyes on firm's cash flows. This is one reason why the property-related debt depression in China are potentially disturbing.

In much of the rich world, there are reasons to be ______ optimistic. The largest lenders are in much better health than in 2008. All of the major ______ authorities, carried out stress tests during 2020, using macroeconomic scenarios much more severe than have actually came out, but their banking systems were able to absorb large corporate losses and carry on lending. And the parts of the economy that have had the toughest time during the pandemic only account for a relatively small share of corporate debt. For example, the BIS projects that ______ will increase in the hospitality industry (酒店餐饮业) over the coming years, but they note that the sector only accounts for between 1.5% and 8% of corporate credit in the nine major economies they model.

There will be a mountain of corporate debt in many countries for some time. But that dos not mean the recovery will necessarily falter (衰退).

1.

A．situation

B．influence

C．case

D．initiative

2.

A．contribution

B．losses

C．investment

D．debt

3.

A．threaten

B．follow

C．stimulate

D．sustain

4.

A．signal

B．bell

C．alarm

D．whistle

5.

A．downgraded

B．updated

C．eliminated

D．licenced

6.

A．justified

B．burdened

C．isolated

D．shrunk

7.

A．predictable

B．high

C．low

D．stable

8.

A．creditors

B．borrowers

C．companies

D．investors

9.

A．regional

B．local

C．municipal

D．household

10.

A．imagination

B．virtuality

C．intention

D．diversity

11.

A．collective

B．individual

C．corporate

D．business

12.

A．drop

B．plunge

C．recover

D．persist

13.

A．cautiously

B．overwhelmingly

C．roughly

D．informally

14.

A．concerned

B．provincial

C．regulatory

D．political

15.

A．bankrupcy

B．defaults

C．impact

D．extension