1 . Imagine a relay race. During this race, an athlete holds a stick as he runs a certain distance. Then he passes the stick to the next runner. That person runs faster, and then passes the stick to a third runner. Now imagine that the runners do not pass a stick. Instead they pass shiny silk, as well as gold, fruit, and glass. Imagine that the race does not move forward in just one direction. Instead the runners go back and forth along a road. They trade goods all along this route (路线) and at each end of it. Now imagine that the runners are businessmen. They lead caravans (商队) or lines of camels that carry things to sell. They travel on the ancient Silk Road to earn their living.
The Silk Road was a complex trade network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It stretched from eastern China, across central Asia and the Middle east, to the Mediterranean Sea. Businessmen traveled on the Silk Road from about 200 B.C. to about 1300 A.D.. Then sea travel began to offer new routes. Some people called the Silk Road the world’s longest highway. However, the Silk Road included many routes -- not just one smooth path. The routes ran through mountains and across deserts. They passed through an area that now includes 18 countries. The Silk Road had many dangers. These dangers ranged from hot sun and deep snow to thieves and wars. Only expert traders could survive.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized goods. People used silk as money. They could pay taxes or buy goods with it. Traders carried more than just silk, though. They had gold, silver, and glass from Europe. People in the Middle East and Asia wanted these things. Businessmen also took horses from flat, grassy areas in central Asia and brought them to China and other areas. The horses changed the way people farmed and ran their armies. Indian businessmen traded salt and rare, beautiful stones. Chinese merchants traded medicine and china. They also traded paper, which quickly replaced animal skins in the west. Businessmen carried apples from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to combine different trees to create new kinds of fruit. They taught this science to others, such as the Romans. The Romans began to grow apples for food. The Silk Road led to worldwide commerce 2,000 years before the World Wide Web.
The people along the Silk Road did not share only goods. They also shared beliefs. Monks, priests, and other faith leaders taught their religions to others. The Silk Road created pathways for knowledge, diplomacy, and religion.
1. People turned to the sea for new routes after around 1300 A. D. because _____.| A． the Silk Road included many routes |
| B．the Silk Road passed through many areas |
| C．people traveled on the Silk Road for too long |
| D．there were more dangers along the Silk Road |
| A．Influential | B．Private | C．Valuable | D．Useful |
| A．The Silk Road helped spread religions to more people. |
| B．The Silk Road gave people the idea to build highways. |
| C．Some people probably died while travelling. |
| D．Westerners probably used to write on animal skins. |
| A．silk Road was built by China. |
| B．there used to be deaths along the path |
| C．trade went along with religion |
| D．many apple trees used to grow along the path |
| A．Science. | B．Travel. | C．Sports. | D．Culture. |
(1)国风美术社团成立于2010年，面向对中国画及中国书法有兴趣、或有特长的同学;
(2)国画与书法都是中国独特的艺术形式，历史悠久，蕴含着中华传统文化的魅力;
(3)邀请他加入社团并期待他的早日回复。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数);
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
I’m Li Jin, the person in charge of Chinese Calligraphy and Painting club at our school.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
(1)学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；
(2)推荐理由；
(3)表达祝愿。
注意：
(1)词数100左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
1. 词数应为100左右；2. 参考词汇 农历：lunar calendar
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1. 收信时的感想；
2. 推荐并介绍一个中国传统节日；
3. 预祝对方取得好成绩。
参考词汇：
端午节： Duanwu Festival; 粽子：zong zi; 纪念：in memory of
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
(1) 点明写信目的；
(2) 介绍本次活动(目的、内容等)；
(3) 表示祝愿。
参考词汇：文化自信 cultural confidence
注意：词数不少于100；可增加适当内容，以使行文连贯；开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。
Dear David,
How are you?
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Yours,
Li Jin
7 . This year some twenty-three hundred teenagers (young people aged from 13 to 19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new language and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.
Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.
Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. Schools were completely different from what he had expected—much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.
Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car.
“Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it.”
At the same time, In America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he says, “It is far too easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two countries”.
1. The world exchange programme is mainly to ______.| A．help teenagers in other countries know the real America |
| B．send students in America to travel in Germany |
| C．let students learn something about other countries |
| D．have teenagers learn new languages |
| A．American food tastes better than German food |
| B．German schools were harder than American schools |
| C．Americans and Germans were both friendly |
| D．There were more cars on the streets in America |
| A．there is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings |
| B．there are a lot of after-school activities |
| C．students usually take fourteen subjects in all |
| D．students walk outside to enjoy themselves |
| A．The life in Germany schools was easier for students |
| B．German schools had a lot of outside activities |
| C．American schools were not as good as German schools |
| D．The life in American schools was easier for students |
| A．a better education should include something good from both America and Germany |
| B．German schools trained students to be better citizens |
| C．American schools were as good as German schools |
| D．the easy life in the American schools was more helpful to students |
内容包括：
(1) 祝贺他在中国书法比赛获得了一等奖；
(2) 肯定他取得的成绩和他为此付出的努力；
(3) 约定时间在线交流练习书法的心得。
注意：(1) 词数不少于100；
(2) 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
(3) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
中国书法比赛 Chinese Calligraphy Competition
Dear Chris,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
(1) 文化节内容（中国传统节日展示，如春节，端午节，中秋节等）；
(2) 请选一个节日作介绍；
(3) 活动的目的和意义；
(4) 希望她有机会来你校参加活动。
注意：
(1) 词数不少于100；(2) 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
(3) 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mrs. Green,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Lijin
10 . Lawrence Ganti from the US has lived in Switzerland, Japan, and India. When his work with Merck, a company that develops treatments for many of the world’s most challenging diseases, first took him to Japan, he was struck by how comfortable his Japanese co-workers were with silence. During meetings in the US, people are usually uneasy with quiet and fill a quiet period with talk. Not so in Japan. “You don’t break the silence unless you have something important to say,” says Ganti. Surprisingly, when he next lived in India, he found conversations were typically lively, loud and full of interruptions (打岔). “Silence is never expected,” he says.
The Japanese value the building of trust and relationships, Ganti adds. In Japan, nothing might be accomplished (完成) in the first meeting, and no real progress may be made until the parties sit down for a lunch or dinner. Ganti remembers greeting foreigners who flew to Japan with the intention of holding their meeting and flying out that same day. “It’s just a half-hour discussion,” they told him. He replied, “That half-hour discussion won’t go anywhere.”
Cyrus Sabouri from New Jersey, the US, had similar experiences in the Middle East. He lives in Bahrain, where he works for American Express Middle East. “Meetings can require personal introductions, which often consume more of the meeting than the things to be discussed,” he says. He was frustrated by this custom when he first moved to the island nation. “You eventually learn that it is hard to draw the line between business and personal life,” he says. “Warm and friendly relationships can be the difference between a deal or no deal with the Bahraini.”
Ganti’s current job with Merck takes him throughout Latin America. While each country presents its own cultural puzzle to figure out, Ganti has found that cultures have a lot in common. In many parts of Latin America, for instance, giving straight advice or criticism in conversation isn’t typical. To make a point, he did just that in meetings, and attendees were often shocked. “I’m usually sent to places where change is needed,” Ganti says. “You have to make changes.”
1. How do Indians differ from the Japanese according to Ganti?| A．They easily accept silence. | B．They usually talk excitedly. |
| C．They dislike being interrupted. | D．They seem nervous in business meetings. |
| A．They would be invited to dinner. | B．They could leave Japan the next day. |
| C．They could get their tasks done soon. | D．They would have a very interesting meeting. |
| A．Work is more important than life there. | B．Personal introductions are often ignored. |
| C．There are a lot of long business meetings. | D．Bahrainis value relationships very highly. |
| A．They are generally willing to accept new ideas. |
| B．They like to solve puzzles in their spare time. |
| C．They seldom express their views directly. |
| D．They hardly ever make comments on others. |
| A．talk about some cultural differences |
| B．introduce his working experience in Latin America |
| C．give some facts about Japanese etiquette |
| D．discuss American’s impression on Middle East |
