1 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Yunnan is the hometown of tea. It provides the ideal climate and the ecological environment for large-leaf tea trees, which are located in the     1     (region) along the Lancang River. Thousands of years ago, they formed those ancient tea plantations,     2     are the best gift that nature has grated us.

    3     (preserve) the ancient tea trees, Southwest Chinn’s Yunnan Province has passed a protection regulation recently,     4     (clarify) that wild and cultivated ten plants aged over 100 wars should be better protected in the province. The new regulation, which will come into force starting from March 1, 2023,    5    (prohibit) six kinds of behaviors that harm ancient tea plants and their growing environment. Unauthorized cutting and transplantation of ancient tea trees, carving tree branches, digging the roots,     6    damaging the ancient lea trees are all banned.

Other     7     (legal) practices include using harmful chemical herbicides, releasing waste gas and water, as well as dumping and throwing waste     8     (casual) within the protection range of the trees, according to the regulation.

Yunnan has diverse resources of tea trees. The regulation also advocates proper research and     9    (apply) of Yunnan’s resources of ancient tea trees, raising varieties     10    new tea trees of good quality, as well as the establishment of relevant industrial chains.

2 . It is common knowledge that sea creatures like dolphins have a high level of intelligence. The octopus is an exceptional organism with an extremely complex brain and cognitive abilities that are unique. Scientists have now discovered that octopuses also have “remarkable” intelligence.

A team of Italian marine biologists have revealed that octopuses have a gene that also determines the intelligence of humans. The eight-tentacled sea creature has short sequences of DNA called “jumping genes”. The research shows that the same ‘jumping genes’ are active both in the human brain and in the brain of octopus. These same genes make up 45 per cent of the human genome. The researchers said the DNA sequences are important for learning and for creating and storing memories in the brain. The scientists say the DNA may give octopuses cognitive abilities that are similar to those humans have. A discovery that could help us understand the secret of the intelligence of these fascinating organisms.

The scientists say their research findings are important as they give an insight into how octopuses amend their behaviour in response to different stimuli. Scientists describe this process as “behavioural plasticity”.

“This discovery of an element is very significant because it adds support to the idea that these elements have a specific function that goes beyond copy-and-paste,” explains Remo Sanges, director of the Computational Genomics laboratory, who started working at this project 5 years ago. The study, published in BMC Biology, was carried out by an international team with more than twenty researchers from all over the world. Biologist Graziano Fiorito suggested that the research could help us understand more about intelligence in humans. He said, “The brain of the octopus is functionally analogous in many of its characteristics to that of mammals... For this reason [the DNA] represents a very interesting candidate to study to improve our knowledge of the evolution of intelligence.” He says the brain structure of octopuses may mean the creatures are more similar to mammals than other sea life.

1. What is special for “jumping genes”?

A．They are active an unique in human brain.

B．They are the most important part of human genome.

C．They are helpful for learning, creating and storing memories.

D．They are the shortest sequences of DNA in brain.

2. According to the text, what is the research finding?

A．Human and octopus have the same intelligence and abilities.

B．Octopuses can adjust their behaviour in response to dangers.

C．Octopuses have complex brain and cognitive abilities.

D．Human and octopus brain share the same “jumping genes”.

3. Which of the following will replace the underlined word “analogous” in the last paragraph?

A．Similar.

B．Unique.

C．Ambiguous.

D．Distinct.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A health report.	B．A biology magazine.
C．A travel brochure.	D．A zoo guide.

3 . Each year, as many as one billion birds are killed in the US from collisions (相撞) with glass windows and buildings every year. Birds that crashed into Philadelphia buildings began to be collected in the 1890s. Nearly 100 species of birds are known to have died out from crashes with buildings and other structures in Philadelphia. Many other species are probably affected in the city.

Called Lights Out Philly, the voluntary program in Philadelphia encourages buildings to turn out or dim unnecessary external and internal lights between midnight and six o’clock early in the morning to protect birds as they pass through during migration seasons.

Bird migration seasons are from April l to May 31 in spring and from August 15 to November 15 in fall. Each year, millions of birds pass through Philadelphia along a migration route known as the Atlantic Flyway. Bird-glass crashes are very common for migrating birds, most of which travel at night. Glass is difficult for them to recognize as hard surfaces, and artificial light can fool them into crashing with buildings and outdoor structures. Turning off lights between midnight and sunrise helps minimize the effect of artificial light when most birds are migrating.

On Oct. 2, 2020, a stormy and foggy day, Philadelphia had its largest mass collision event in more than 70 years with an estimated 1,000 birds crashing with buildings in one 3.5-square block area in just one day. Paired with a terrible storm of weather and fog conditions, the bright city and building lights attracted and confused the migrating birds, causing them to crash with buildings and outdoor structures.

Even if you don’t play a part in managing the lights of a big building, you can help birds avoid crashes by making the glass opaque to reduce the amount and intensity of artificial light at night, changing the color of lighting to blue or green, shortening the duration lights are on, directing the lighting downward or screening lighting.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A．The rich biological diversity in Philadelphia.

B．Great efforts to protect migrating birds in Philadelphia.

C．The present and the past of the bird conservation in America.

D．The serious consequence of bird-glass crashes in Philadelphia.

2. What added the danger to the migrating birds on Oct. 2, 2020?

A．Bad weather conditions.	B．Traveling in the day.
C．The mistaken route.	D．Too many buildings.

3. What does the underlined word “opaque” mean in the last paragraph?

A．Light-reflecting.

B．Delicate.

C．Lightproof.

D．Clean.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．It Is Difficult to Save the Migrating Birds

B．Philadelphia Turns out Lights to Save Migrating Birds

C．External and Internal Lights Affect the Bird Migration

D．Lights Out Philly Program Helps Save Endangered Birds

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.

With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me.

When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty?

As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away.

Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight.

During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.”

注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

A few weeks later, I went to the farm again.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . 2022 Wildlife Photographer of the Year Awards

A yearly contest for the Wildlife Photographer of the Year was held in London this year. The contest had 38,575 entries from around the world. Let’s have a scanning of four of this year’s best works.

The great prize this year belonged to Karine Aigner of the US for an incredible shot of a ball of bees. The “ball” was formed with a lot of male bees fighting to win a single female bee. The picture was taken in southern Texas. Ms Aigner says that soon after the picture was taken, a female bee flew off with one of the males.

Dmitry Kokh of Russia won the award for Urban Wildlife. His picture of polar bears in an old house was taken on an island in the Chukchi Sea, between Russia and Alaska. Mr Kokh was on a boat when he noticed polar bears walking through an area where no one had lived for years. To get the picture without disturbing the bears,he used a quiet drone (无人机) to take the picture.

Fernando Constantino Martinez Belmar of Mexico had to wait in the dark in a cave filled with bats and snakes to get the image. Rat snakes in Yucatàn hang from cracks in the ceiling of the cave, hoping to grab one of the many bats that are flying out of the cave for the night. Using a red light that wouldn’t disturb the animals, Mr Martinez Belmar waited until just the right moment to take the picture. He won the Amphibian and Reptile Behavior prize.

Nick Kanakis of the US took the picture of a wood wren (鹧鸪) — a bird that spends most of its time on the ground. The bird has its ear to the ground, listening for insects to catch and eat. After spotting a bird looking for food farther away, he stayed very still to get the shot, which won the prize for Bird Behavior.

1. Why do the bees develop a ball in Ms Aigner’s picture?

A．To protect them from being shot.

B．To struggle to get a female partner.

C．To fight with their common enemy.

D．To express their greetings to humans.

2. Which animals in the pictures are hunting other animals?

A．Bees and polar bears.

B．Polar bears and the snakes.

C．The snakes and the bird.

D．The bird and bees.

3. What does the text mainly tell us about the four works?

A．The influence of the photographs.

B．The background of the photographs.

C．The introduction of their photographers.

D．The technology used in the photographing.

6 . At least three people were possibly dead after a powerful earthquake. Others were injured from falling structures and homes, rural roads and_________highways. Experts said it could take some time to_________the full extent of the injuries and damage in the region.

Regina Rave,who is a geologist, was meeting with two_________at his home when the earthquake_________. Rave tried to stand up from his chair but couldn’t keep his balance and _________ in a kind of group hug with his colleagues, while plates and cups_________from his shelves to the ground. His children, ages 9 and 2, had their drinks_________over the edge of cups. Rave tried to calm everybody as the_________continued for more than a minute.

About 10,000 people live in and around his town, which is_________66 kilometers from the earthquake’s center. It’s a(n)__________thing that earthquakes are felt here, but it usually doesn’t last as long and is not as violent as this one. It was quite strong.

People were feeling__________. Rave was__________through the damage to his home,which included a broken sewer pipe(污水管)judging from the smell. Friends elsewhere had messaged him with__________of cracked roads, broken pipes and fallen debris(碎片), but hadn’t described major building collapses or__________. Communication seemed to have been__________with some cell towers likely to have fallen. People were starting to clean up their houses and the streets.

1.

A．damaged

B．surrounded

C．hidden

D．buried

2.

A．foresee

B．assess

C．recognize

D．assume

3.

A．roommates

B．schoolmates

C．colleagues

D．parents

4.

A．covered

B．rose

C．ceased

D．struck

5.

A．ended up

B．came out

C．carried on

D．resulted from

6.

A．squeezed

B．crashed

C．flashed

D．pulled

7.

A．turn

B．knock

C．flow

D．blow

8.

A．jumping

B．hanging

C．floating

D．shaking

9.

A．located

B．listed

C．considered

D．posed

10.

A．simple

B．common

C．popular

D．awkward

11.

A．puzzled

B．tired

C．frightened

D．inspired

12.

A．getting

B．breaking

C．cutting

D．sorting

13.

A．descriptions

B．instructions

C．explanations

D．introductions

14.

A．changes

B．injuries

C．beats

D．attacks

15.

A．handled

B．improved

C．affected

D．removed

7 . What Is Your Pet Trying to Tell You

Animals want our attention, and sometimes they’re quite obviously about asking for it. Unusual behaviors are often our pets’ way of telling us to stop what we’re doing and play with them. It’s why Fido constantly chases his tail and why Kitty keeps rolling around. A desperately bored pet may have “bad” behaviors to get a reaction-even a negative one!

Feed me.

Sure, your dog loves you, but that’s not why he’s licking(舔)your face. A puppy learns to lick his mother’s mouth to get a little leftover food, so Spot isn’t kissing you in our sense of the word; he just wants a snack.

I’m stressed.

Cat owners also misinterpret their furry friends’ kisses. While a cat might lick you to show love, sometimes she’ll do it to ease herself. One way to tell if her licking is stress-related is to see if it goes on for an extended period of time. Birds also overclean when they feel anxious. Some will even drag out their own feathers.

My tail tells all.

Dogs wag(摇)their tails to the right when they see something or someone they want to approach, and to the left when they see something they want to avoid. When frightened, dogs curl their tails in, while cats wrap theirs around themselves. And if a cat’s tail looks like a question mark, she’s eager to play.

1. What does a dog show if it kisses its owner?

A．Hunger.

B．Love.

C．Fear.

D．Sadness.

2. How many kinds of pets are mentioned in the text?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

3. What will happen if birds get anxious?

A．They will drag others’ feathers.

B．They will approach someone they like.

C．They will clean their feathers more than necessary.

D．They will stare at their owners for a longer time.

8 . Michael Jackson had Bubbles, a chimpanzee(黑猩猩). Justin Bieber had Og Mally, a capuchin(卷尾猴), until it was seized by German customs officials and put in a zoo. Rihanna has been photographed bottle-feeding a baby monkey on holiday. The stars would find few fans in the British government, which on December 12, 2020 placed new restrictions on keeping primates(灵长目动物)as pets. Somewhere between 1,000 and 5,000 marmoserts, lemurs, tamarins and other little species of primates are kept in private ownership in Britain, the government says, often bored to misery.

One of the benefits of cutting loose from the European continent is that Britain can fully express its passion for animals. Politicians are only too happy to work for it, for pet-friendly policies are cheap and popular. In the previous election, the Tory Party promised to help reunite missing pets with their owners by making it compulsory to put chips into the bodies of cats and dogs, and to deal with animal smuggling(走私). The Labour Party promised to ban the live-boiling of lobsters in restaurants.

Yet, Britain’s animal welfare laws are already among the most comprehensive in the world, according to the Animal Protection Index.

Wild animals in traveling circuses were banned by law last year, but a decreasing public appetite for parades of elephants and tigers balanced on chairs had already put an end to the business. By the time the ban came into force, only two licensed animal circuses were left in Britain. Members of Parliament are moved by the sad loss of pets because of motor accidents. James Daly has proposed Gizmo’s Law, named after a cat, the victim of a hit-and-run accident, which was burned without its owner’s knowledge. The law requires that dead animals be brought back from the roadside to scan them for microchips, so that they can be reunited with their brokenhearted owners rather than being burned without their names being known. A draft bill in 2018 proposed criminalizing drivers who failed to stop after striking a cat. Hit-and-runs on dogs, pigs, goats and humans are already illegal.

1. What does the author want to introduce by mentioning the three stars in Paragraph 1?

A．A recent pet-friendly policy in Britain.

B．British people’s passion for animals.

C．A trend towards keeping primates as pets.

D．The present situation of primates in Britain.

2. What do we know about Britain’s politicians?

A．They’re two-faced about animal welfare.

B．They disapprove of European animal welfare.

C．They used to blame each other on animal welfare.

D．They devoted to making laws on animal welfare.

3. Why are dead animals in Gizmo’s Law scanned?

A．To track the hit-and-run driver.

B．To help the animals find their way home.

C．To inform their owners of the accidents.

D．To find out the exact locations of the accidents.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Animal welfare: all you need to know

B．Could Britain be a leader in animal welfare?

C．Could animal welfare plans be smart politics?

D．Animal welfare: a favorite issue for politicians.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Owing to global warming, sea levels are rising and rain forests are dying. It’s clear that humans     1    (cause)most of the warming over the past century by releasing greenhouse gases, the levels of which are     2    (high)now than at any time in the past.

Global warming is causing a set of changes to the earth’s climate     3     vary from place to place. Many people think that global warming is the same as climate change. However, scientists use “climate change” when describing the complex shifts now affecting     4    (we)planet’s weather and climate systems—in part because some areas     5    （actual）get cooler in the short term.

Climate change includes not only rising average temperatures but also extreme weather events and a range of other     6    (consequence). All of them are appearing as humans continue to add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere,     7    (change)the rhythms(节奏)of climate that all living things have come to rely     8    .

What shall we do and what can we do     9    (slow) this human-caused warming? How shall we deal with the changes we’ve already set into motion? While we struggle to figure it all out,     10     future of the earth hangs in the balance.

10 . Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began _________ her family’s waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use _________ behind.

“It’s cheaper and you know that the item will _________ being used instead of being set aside — so it’s just perfect! Each of us play a big _________ in taking care of the environment. It’s _________ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”

Any glass container is _________ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of _________ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she does, she will get it _________ washed and recycled.

The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also _________ herself in a community of friends who __________ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.

She said, “We tried to use the minimum __________ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to __________ anything, first we tried at the __________ market.”

To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they __________ rubbish as they go. “They enjoy this __________, because they know it’s better for the environment,” she said.

1.

A．considering

B．reducing

C．analyzing

D．dividing

2.

A．pots

B．handles

C．items

D．collections

3.

A．continue

B．stop

C．fancy

D．delay

4.

A．game

B．lead

C．match

D．role

5.

A．original

B．enjoyable

C．cautious

D．normal

6.

A．attended to

B．left out

C．washed up

D．taken away

7.

A．equipment

B．furniture

C．glass

D．rubbish

8.

A．thoroughly

B．delightedly

C．modestly

D．accidentally

9.

A．devoted

B．found

C．exposed

D．buried

10.

A．share

B．trade

C．discuss

D．clarify

11.

A．necessary

B．valuable

C．ordinary

D．possible

12.

A．purchase

B．discover

C．approach

D．preserve

13.

A．far-away

B．duty-free

C．second-hand

D．life-long

14.

A．pull out

B．pick up

C．hold back

D．keep off

15.

A．activity

B．idea

C．theme

D．jungle