1 . 下面一篇文章中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

A big storm destroyed two villages in South Africa on last Friday, causing 4 death. Over 200 people became homeless as a result of the storm. A farmer said the storm began early in the morning and last one hour. He said, “I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard a loud noise. A few minutes late, our house fell down. I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys were missing. I quickly went back inside and found them safe but frightened.” Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the government provided food, clothes, and shelters for homeless.

2 . Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers’ argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don’t dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

1. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?

A．Help increase grocery sales.

B．Recycle the waste material.

C．Stop things falling off trucks.

D．Argue for the use of plastic bags.

2. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A．Bans on plastic bags.

B．Effects of city development.

C．Headaches caused by garbage.

D．Plastic bags hung in trees.

3. What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?

A．They are quite expensive.

B．Replacing them can be difficult.

C．They are less strong than plastic bags.

D．Producing them requires more energy.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Plastic, Paper or Neither

B．Industry, Pollution and Environment

C．Recycle or Throw Away

D．Garbage Collection and Waste Control

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country     1    （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over     2     past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

A taste for meat is     3     (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice     4     (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water     5     rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased     6     (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total     7     (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government     8     (start) a soil-testing program     9     gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while     10     (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

4 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What did the man think of Americans?

A．Health-conscious.

B．Ignorant.

C．Lazy.

2. Why does the man mention organic foods?

A．To show how influential American food culture is.

B．To show how people’s attitudes have changed.

C．To show that Americans are spending more on food.

3. According to the woman, why are things different now?

A．People have access to more information.

B．People are more active in general.

C．People are more positive.

4. What does the woman try to avoid?

A．Watching too much TV.

B．Eating fast food.

C．Driving her car.

5 . In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.

Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.

The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.

1. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that _____________.

A．it consumes natural resources.

B．it makes the world warmer.

C．it brings severe damage to forests.

D．it makes growth hard to continue.

2. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A．China lacks wind and solar energy.

B．China is the leader of the low-carbon market.

C．High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.

D．Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.

3. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to _____________.

A．make full use of natural resources.

B．explore new natural resources.

C．develop sustainable products.

D．deal with the major challenge.

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To advocate sustainable development.

B．To compare two business models.

C．To predict a change of the global market.

D．To introduce a new business model.

6 . Last month, the president of the Maldives, Mohamed Nasheed, held an underwater meeting. The purpose of the ocean floor conference is to highlight the effects of global warming on his island nation.

The Maldives, located in the Indian Ocean, is the lowest-lying country on Earth. Melting glaciers and polar ice are causing sea levels to rise, putting the Maldives and other low-lying areas at risk of being swallowed by the sea within the next 100 years.

What can be done? Scientists and leaders from 190 nations will try to figure that out at the United Nations climate change conference next month. The main goal of the meeting is to come up with a new climate agreement for 2012 and beyond. That is when the existing plan, the Kyoto Protocol will expire. The agreement was created in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997. Since then, it has been ratified(正式批准) by 190 nations. The countries promised to limit the amount of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, which they produced each year.

The debate over who should cut greenhouse emissions has been going on for years. The US has been hesitant to reduce emissions unless fast-growing nations such as China and India also reduce their use of fossil fuels. In recent months, China has taken steps to be greener. But India has been unwilling to change. It argues that it is unfair for rich nations to ask poorer countries to cut down on emissions.

While world leaders work on a plan in Copenhagen, there are many things you can do to help the planet. You can save fuel by walking or biking instead of riding in a car. You can start a recycling program in your community. You can plant trees. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air and give off oxygen.

1. The underlined word “expire” in Paragraph 3 probably means_____________.

A．cause trouble	B．come to an end
C．go into effect	D．gain support

2. According to the passage, limiting greenhouse emissions_____________.

A．will make poor countries poorer.

B．is well performed in the Maldives.

C．has been a controversial question.

D．means banning carbon dioxide emissions.

3. What does the author suggest?

A．Like the Maldives, other island countries should take action.

B．Both the US and India should cut greenhouse emissions.

C．Everyone should get involved in cutting greenhouse emissions.

D．World leaders should focus more on climate change.

7 . The future of Australia’s solar industry is looking bright after a record 3.5m panels(嵌板)were installed on rooftops last year, giving the equal output of a medium-sized coal-fired power station. The record 1,057 MW of capacity (产能) in small scale systems installed across the country broke the previous record set in 2012, figures from the Clean Energy Regulator showed on Tuesday.

Australia’s solar power prosperity could almost double capacity in a year, The data also revealed that the average system size has also doubled since then from three to six kilowatts as average prices continued to fall. A fully installed 5KW system costs an average of $5,930 in Australia, according to the energy broker Solar choice. net. au. Its records show that the price has roughly halved in many capital cities since 2012.

The regulator’s executive general manager, Mark Williamson, said there was increasing interest in renewals as a way to take control of electricity bills. But more importantly, he said it was also good news for reducing carbon emissions,

“We are seeing a wide cross section of Australians—households, community centers, schools, and small businesses—receiving rewards under the small scale renewable energy scheme,” Williamson said, “Our data shows consumers are embracing renewable energy to take control of their electricity bills. ”

In 2017, there was a 41% increase in installing renewable energy capacity across all states and territories compared to 2016. Queensland led the way with installed capacity at 295MW, with the Australian Capital Territory taking top place for the biggest annual increase by 57 %. “I he data collected by the Clean Energy Regulator in 2017 reflects the industry is going from strength to strength, It looks like 2018 will be another big year for the solar industry.”

The total of installed capacity for last year is expected to rise to 1,070MW when all the data is collected. A large coal-fired power station such as Loyd Yang A in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley has a capacity of 2, 200MW.

1. What do we know about the Australia’s solar industry from the first paragraph?

A．It’s still risky.

B．It’s promising.

C．It’s unpredictable.

D．It’s within expectation.

2. What’s the reason for the Australia’s solar industry’s development?

A．The continuous fall of average price of installing a solar energy system.

B．The entire decrease of the carbon emissions.

C．The autonomous control of the electricity bills.

D．The doubt about the capacity of coal-fired power station.

3. What does the underlined phrase “from strength to strength” in Paragraph 5 suggest?

A．Australia’s solar industry is being accepted.

B．Australia’s solar industry is developing rapidly.

C．Australia’s solar industry is more practical than before.

D．Australia’s solar industry is more advanced than other countries.

4. What is the biggest feature of the renewable energy according to Mark Williams?

A．Reducing pollution.

B．Providing enough energy.

C．Lowering electricity bills.

D．Simplifying installed equipment.

8 . A sand storm often takes place in the northern China,     1    is a kind of natural disasters. China usually experiences this kind of weather between February and May, while March and April see the most frequent and the     2     (strong) sand storms. It becomes a very important environmental problem. It does lots of harm     3    the society as well as the environment.Firstly, the strong wind destroys soil and plant cover by     4     (bury)fields with sand and dust. Secondly, by leaving too much dust in the air it will     5     (serious) pollute the air. Thirdly, a sand storm will have     6    bad effect on transportation. The dust in the air makes traffic and aircraft movements more difficult. And when the sand buries the roads, the traffic will     7     (block). When plants in the farmland are buried, food supply will lose.

Sand storms are another     8     (punish) nature gives to mankind. We should not only take effective measures     9     (stop) them, but also draw some     10     (lesson) from them. We should not develop the economy (经济) at the cost of the natural environment.

9 . For many people who live in cities, parks are an important landscape. They provide a place for people to relax and play sports, as well as a shelter from the often severe environment of a city. What people often overlook is that parks also provide considerable environmental benefits.

One benefit of parks is that plants absorb carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. According to one study, an acre of trees can absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide that a typical car emits in 11,000 miles of driving. Parks also make cities cooler. Scientists have long noted what is called the Urban Heat Island Effect: building materials such as metal and concrete (混凝土) absorb much more of the sun’s heat and release it much more quickly than trees and grass. Because city landscapes contain so much of these building materials, cities are usually warmer than surrounding rural areas. Parks and other green spaces help to lessen the Urban Heat Island Effect.

Unfortunately, many cities cannot easily create more parks. However, cities could benefit from many of the positive effects of parks by encouraging citizens to create another type of green space: rooftop gardens. While most people would not think of starting a garden on their roof, human beings have been planting gardens on rooftops for thousands of years. Some rooftop gardens are simple container gardens that anyone can create with the investment (投资) of a few hundred dollars and a few hours of work.

Rooftop gardens provide many of the same benefits as other urban parks and garden spaces, but without taking up the much-needed land. In the summer, rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce cooling bills. In the winter, gardens help control the heat that materials like brick and concrete release so quickly, leading to savings on heating bills. Rooftop vegetables and herb gardens can also provide fresh food for city settlers, making their diets healthier. Rooftop gardens are not only something everyone can enjoy but also a smart environmental investment.

1. The underlined word “emits” in the second paragraph probably means _________.

A．takes up	B．gives out
C．carries away	D．breathes in

2. Which of the following contributes to the Urban Heat Island Effect?

A．More rooftop gardens.	B．More trees and grass.
C．More parking lots.	D．More building materials.

3. When it comes to rooftop gardens, what can be inferred from the passage?

A．They make people much happier.

B．They provide more benefits from urban parks.

C．They help to save money and keep a healthy diet.

D．They have become very popular in recent years.

4. What’s the author’s attitude towards rooftop gardens?

A．Supportive.	B．Doubtful.
C．Critical.	D．Objective.

10 . You may like at least some kind of music. But the problem is that, in lots of places, you’re made     1     (hear) somebody else’s choice of music. Say you’ve just landed at an airport, where the background (背景) music may be played loudly. When you are     2     the way to you hotel, there may be another kind of music     3     (switch) on by the taxi driver. Then you go out to dinner and end up in a restaurant,           4     owner thinks music will help make you eat more and spend more. Then a person     5     (play) the violin comes around. This is called the “music wallpaper” and its purpose is to make you consume more. In a word, you find     6     hard to find a quiet public place without music.

Noise pollution may be     7     (harm) to our hearing. It’s also bad for some of our daily     8     (activity).

The fact     9     you can’t see, taste or smell noise may help explain why it has not received as much attention as other kinds of pollution, such as air pollution or water pollution. Many of us fail to realize we     10     (surround) by too much noise. As a result, harm is done to our health without us being aware of it.