| A．Pocket money. | B．The value of money. | C．Money saving. |
2 . The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.
Pat Hardy, who agrees with the views of the energy department, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These would emphasize the significance of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of reduction measures.
Most scientists and experts sharply argue against Hardy’s views. “They casually view the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion,” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education. Such debates reflect fierce discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.
A study, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a huge influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.
Glenn Branch, the center’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited norm in a country that decentralizes (使分权) decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says.
Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus (共识) on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more biased (带有偏见的) perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks (智库) and energy industry associations.
1. Why is the weather in Texas mentioned in Paragraph 1?| A．To forecast a policy shift in Texas schools. | B．To stress the consequences of climate change. |
| C．To indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting. | D．To draw the public’s attention to energy shortages. |
| A．Hardy overstates the existing panic. | B．Hardy denies the value of scientific work. |
| C．Hardy shows no concern for pre-teens. | D．Hardy expresses self-contradictory views |
| A．The standards call for regular revision. | B．The standards cater to local needs. |
| C．The standards have limited influence. | D．The standards require urgent application. |
| A．It agrees to major public demands. | B．It reflects teachers’ personal biases. |
| C．It may misrepresent the energy department. | D．It can be impacted by external forces. |
3 . Marva Collins’ journey as a teacher began in the 1960s, when she was assigned to teach at a public school in Chicago. At the time, the school was plagued (困扰) by violence, low academic standards, and a
Despite these
Collins also
Collins’ impact on education was recognized by educators across the world, and she was
| A．variety | B．lack | C．combination | D．network |
| A．acknowledged | B．employed | C．recommended | D．labeled |
| A．challenges | B．prejudices | C．differences | D．doubts |
| A．stood up | B．ran away | C．set out | D．went on |
| A．learning | B．joking | C．listening | D．singing |
| A．unusual | B．mysterious | C．convenient | D．effective |
| A．expressed | B．graduated | C．weighed | D．scored |
| A．attend | B．apply | C．pursue | D．witness |
| A．admitted | B．emphasized | C．assumed | D．indicated |
| A．allowed | B．commanded | C．encouraged | D．warned |
| A．accordingly | B．generously | C．literally | D．randomly |
| A．advised | B．permitted | C．invited | D．persuaded |
| A．honesty | B．discipline | C．motivation | D．success |
| A．wisdom | B．training | C．delight | D．belief |
| A．demands | B．struggles | C．continues | D．promises |
4 . A teenager needs to have a sense of independence in their life to feel secure (安全的). To some teenagers independence means a lot to them and I think that some parents don’t allow their teenagers enough independence.
Independence has something to do with freedom. Some kids are not allowed to go anywhere alone, and the only thing their schedule includes is going to school, coming home, going to sleep, and repeating the process the next day. Parents tend to be afraid that their kids can get hurt if they go outside into the world. But if parents control their kids too much, they may never learn to live on their own. The best way for a teenager to lean lesson is through experience. I think it is good for teenagers to have freedom.
Teenagers’ lack of freedom can also stop them from having good friendship at school. Some might say this is a good thing, because it helps them focus more on their school work. I argue that this can only discourage them not to do their school work. Some parents do not allow their children to be around their friends outside the school, thinking that this will get them into trouble. But I don’t think so. Instead, isn’t this a good reason for parents to get their children a cellphone? Cellphones allow teenagers to stay in touch with their parents, and communicate with friends.
Privacy (隐私) is another issue between parents and their teenagers. Teenagers tend to enjoy relaxation by themselves in their own room. This also gives them a sense of independence. It often annoys teenagers when their parents enter their room when they are not home. I know that my mom always goes in my room when I’m not home, and this has brought me to the point where I have asked many times to get a lock on my door.
1. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?| A．Kids have a dull schedule every day. | B．Parents allow their kids no freedom. |
| C．Kids know how to live independently. | D．It helps teenagers a lot to have freedom. |
| A．It is unnecessary for a kid to have a cellphone. |
| B．Good friendships between kids harm their school work. |
| C．Parents should make it easy for kids to communicate with their friends. |
| D．Kids should center on the school work without friends outside the school. |
| A．Disappointed. | B．Frightened. | C．Angry. | D．Calm. |
| A．To keep her father from reading her dairy. | B．To prevent her mother entering her room. |
| C．To protect herself from any harm. | D．To stop thieves from going in. |
5 . My son turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphone. He was the only kid in his class without one. When he asked for a phone, I
“You can choose to do things
The more I research, the more confident I feel in my
But other parents
If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing? Kids
I want my son to have a
Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not. He does well in school,
If that is his
| A．agreed | B．protested | C．refused | D．apologized |
| A．gently | B．differently | C．desperately | D．slightly |
| A．decision | B．conversation | C．preference | D．memory |
| A．prove | B．link | C．limit | D．solve |
| A．interaction | B．payment | C．business | D．guidance |
| A．present | B．change | C．favor | D．challenge |
| A．addiction | B．membership | C．ownership | D．preference |
| A．require | B．forbid | C．refuse | D．support |
| A．skilled | B．absorbed | C．hidden | D．specialized |
| A．causal | B．stable | C．dramatic | D．memorable |
| A．breakthroughs | B．balances | C．goals | D．awards |
| A．hangs out | B．catches up | C．shows off | D．settles down |
| A．silly | B．fine | C．incredible | D．meaningful |
| A．missed | B．appreciated | C．imagined | D．polluted |
| A．target | B．aim | C．version | D．promise |
6 . Physical education, or PE, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is essential for an adult. Teaching teens the significance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens make exercise their priority as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity. Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger. The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as computer games, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measureto encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens’ hazard of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition(PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activities each week improved their academic performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
1. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?| A．Making teens attach importance to exercise later | B．Removing the stress faced by teens at school |
| C．Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise | D．Helping teens learn to make good plans |
| A．Wellness. | B．Risk. | C．Limit. | D．Influence. |
| A．means making students choose between sports and studies |
| B．helps students make good use of all their time |
| C．means students adjust to their new surroundings better |
| D．helps students do better in their studies |
| A．Why high school students should receive physical education. |
| B．Why some schools consider physical education important. |
| C．How schools can help students love doing sports. |
| D．How high school students can lead a better life. |
7 . My son turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphone. He was the only kid in his class without one. When he asked for a phone, I
“You can choose to do things
The more I research, the more confident I feel in my
But other parents
If teenagers are truly spending about 5 hours on average per day on their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they not doing? Kids
I want my son to have a
Some think my son is missing out or falling behind, but he is not. He does well in school,
If that is his
| A．agreed | B．exclaimed | C．refused | D．apologized |
| A．gently | B．differently | C．desperately | D．slightly |
| A．decision | B．conversation | C．preference | D．memory |
| A．treat | B．link | C．limit | D．solve |
| A．interaction | B．payment | C．business | D．guidance |
| A．present | B．change | C．favor | D．challenge |
| A．delight | B．happiness | C．sadness | D．craziness |
| A．require | B．forbid | C．refuse | D．support |
| A．skilled | B．absorbed | C．hidden | D．specialized |
| A．causal | B．stable | C．dramatic | D．memorable |
| A．breakthroughs | B．balances | C．goals | D．milestones |
| A．hangs out | B．catches up | C．shows off | D．settles down |
| A．silly | B．fine | C．incredible | D．meaningful |
| A．missed | B．appreciated | C．imagined | D．polluted |
| A．commitment | B．aim | C．version | D．promise |
In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or
In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject.
Generally,
One type of test is sometimes called as “objective” test.
9 . Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance (pocket money). The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly.
At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget.
Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works.
Allowances give children a chance to experience the things they can do with money.
Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future.
Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing.
That may not seem like a lot. But over time it adds up.
| A．Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance. |
| B．They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause. |
| C．It is a good virtue for children to form a habit to learn how to save money. |
| D．The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. |
| E．Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance. |
| F．Parents are supposed to tell their children how they should spend their pocket money wisely but the refused to do so. |
10 . Volunteering means working for free to help someone else. Many teens agree that helping others feels great and makes a difference. These days, more teens volunteer to work for others. They cleanup parks, walk dogs at animal shelters, visit the elderly.
Some cities — including Seattle, Chicago, and Washington, D.C. require high school students to volunteer. Students must volunteer in order to graduate. The student volunteers learn new skills and help their communities (社区).
Many parents subscribe to the idea — they say volunteering helps teens build job skills. But most teens don’t want to be forced to volunteer. They say they are busy and volunteering is only fun if it’s a choice.
Read both sides of the debate and decide.
Yes·Volunteering can help teens get into college or get a job.
·Many cities and towns need help. Volunteers can help keep important programs going.
·Not all teens will volunteer if it isn’t required. Schools should require students to do all they can to get ready for adult life.
No·Most teens are already very busy with classes, homework, jobs, and sports. Forcing them to do more isn’t fair.
·It should be up to each person. Helping out doesn’t feel as good if you have to do it.
·Finding a volunteer job isn’t always easy, Students shouldn’t be kept from graduating because of something they can’t control.
1. What does the “No” side think of volunteer jobs?| A．They waste students’ precious time. |
| B．Students shouldn’t be stopped from graduation because of them. |
| C．They won’t help teens prepare for their adult life. |
| D．They are not as important as students’ homework. |
| A．correct | B．revise | C．devote | D．agree with |
| A．volunteering is a must for college school students |
| B．everyone would like to volunteer |
| C．finding a volunteer job is not difficult |
| D．high school students won’t graduate if they don’t volunteer |
| A．Whether volunteering is good for students. | B．Whether students should be required to volunteer. |
| C．What kind of volunteer jobs students should do. | D．Who are best to do volunteer jobs. |
