1 . With a leather book cover, a golden overhang, made from colored paper and edges of the book painted red, the French version of An Introduction to The Analects of Confucius《论语入门》is a classic from the Age of Enlightenment in France. The book is about the political ideas, ethical thoughts and moral concepts of China more than 2,000 years ago. Francois Bernier, the author of the book, would never have expected that the French version of the Chinese classic translated by him could be brought to China more than 300 years after he finished it.
The French version of An Introduction to The Analects of Confucius is a national gift. 2019 marked the 55th anniversary of the establishment of China-France diplomatic ties. On March 24 of that year, Chinese President Xi Jinping met with his French counterpart Emmanuel Macron in Nice, France. Before their meeting, Macron presented Xi with the original French version of An Introduction to The Analects of Confucius published in France in 1688.
As a classic of traditional Chinese culture, The Analects of Confucius《论语》was introduced to Europe as early as the 17th century. Commenting on the influence of Chinese culture in France, Macron said the thoughts of Confucius had deeply inspired French thinkers such as Voltaire and had a long-lasting influence on the French Enlightenment (启蒙运动).
After hearing Macron’s introduction, Xi said he would take this precious gift back to China’s National Library. President Xi once said that the rich philosophical ideas, humanistic spirit, edifying thoughts (教化思想) and moral concepts of China’s fine traditional culture can provide useful inspiration for understanding and transforming the world, for governing the country, and for moral construction.
1. What does An Introduction to The Analects of Confucius mainly deal with?A.Music history, ethical thoughts and folk songs. |
B.Political ideas, ethical thoughts and fairy stories. |
C.Moral concepts, classic works and military ideas. |
D.Ethical thoughts, moral concepts and political ideas. |
A.Macron saw them as an inspiration to many French inventors. |
B.Macron saw them as guidelines for the French Enlightenment. |
C.Macron considered them great valuable to French in some ways. |
D.Macron considered them the best way to spread Chinese culture. |
A.Science. | B.Travel. | C.Culture. | D.Technology. |
2 . I had gone into a chief’s office to talk about a couple of issues that needed to be addressed. She, like all of the men and women in her department, had been through the well-known ‘ringer’. The stress was so intense, one could almost taste it.
I had been assisting the department during a crucial period of being very short-handed, and was watching everyone get close to burn-out. When I inquired about her state of mind, she admitted that her home life was almost non-existent, because she was ‘zombieing through the evening’. The next words out of her mouth expressed a frustration of my own: “This work is not my gift from God. My family is!”
I had heard of hanging all of one’s problems from the office on a“Trouble Tree”while driving home, to be picked up on the way back to the office in the morning, and for a brief second thought about suggesting that scenario to the chief.
But what came out was:“Why don’t we do something different? Let’s have a Blessing Tree. On the way home in the evening, we could pull down a blessing to write a character we adore in our spouse, a particular reason we love them, the love they or our children have for us. The list could be endless.”
When I tried it on the way home that night, the stress seemed to melt away. There was a ‘spring in my step’ and when I arrived, a smile of joy was bubbling up from within! For the first time in 2 weeks, I was overjoyed to greet my wife and children!
The Blessing Tree could make a major difference in your evenings, especially after those REALLY tough days.
1. What is paragraph 1 mainly about?A.The stress of the author. | B.The staff’s stress in the department. |
C.The issues requiring addressing. | D.The famous ringer of the chief. |
A.Becoming a zombie in the evening. | B.Being extremely tired in the evening. |
C.Spending the evening in confusion. | D.Feeling like a zombie during the day. |
A.By talking about them in the office. | B.By sharing them with family members. |
C.By making use of a “Trouble Tree”. | D.By making use of a “Blessing Tree”. |
A.To show the pressure in modern life. |
B.To persuade readers to pray for blessings. |
C.To introduce stress — relieving approaches. |
D.To share how to raise suggestions for the chief. |
Every year in China, a day is set aside to honour, and show respect for, the elders and senior citizens in the entire nation. As China has more than 297 million people
In the early 1980s, the Chinese government declared that the Chongyang Festival would be the day on which
However, respect for the elders should be kept in mind firmly and showing
Apparently, respect for the elders is the
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu,
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting
When I lived in Portland, Oregon, I taught English as a Second Language at a local community college. I had adult students in my class from Vietnam, Mexico, Russia and many other countries. Although they came from many lands, fighting for a better life, they had one thing in common: a desperate yearning(渴望) to learn English well.
Many of the students worked in a factory for twelve hours throughout the night and hurriedly took a bus in the morning straight to our 8:00A. M. class. They attended my class on time whatever the weather. And they waited until after class to go home and sleep. Sometimes I would see them struggling to keep their eyes open in the beginning. However, their active participation in class drove away their physical tiredness as well as livened up the atmosphere. Some students even raised a bunch of questions by gesture after class. They were always there working hard, earnest and eager to learn.
Despite their lack of sleep and long hours at work, the level of attendance and attentiveness in class was always excellent. No one called in sick. No one was absent-minded. Some of the students had as many as three jobs and took the bus everywhere they went because they couldn’t afford cars.
To teach the course, I needed to use a lot of pictures and hand gestures, since I didn’t know all their respective languages. One of the things I taught was a simple dialogue called “Shopping for a New Coat”. They enjoyed standing up and acting out the gestures that accompanied the text of the story.
Sometimes I wondered if I was really teaching my students in the best way possible. But I gave my all to this class, and they gave their all to me. If nothing else, they would always remember what to say if they ever went “shopping for a new coat”. Soon, the language course came to an end.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the last day of class, they held a wonderful party that was filled with good food and laughter.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I lifted from the box a beautiful, new, full-length coat.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6 . “We don’t mind using GPS,” says our Aboriginal guide Baamba in his Australian accent, as he looks out across the wilderness which belongs to his tribe. The red ground ahead is covered with bushes and trees. Although it’s early, it’s already 30 degrees in the shade. It’s a difficult hike, but Baamba is a sensible guide: he always carries a satellite phone in his backpack in case of emergencies. His ancestors, however, relied on songs.
The early Australian Aborigines made the land navigable (可航行的) through songs, dance and paintings. The songs described pathways or “songlines”, which provided an oral “map” of the land. They showed people where to find a water hole, where there was a river and where they could hunt. Generations of Aboriginals followed these pathways, leaving clear marks and carvings on rocks and trees to help future travelers. “But the songs describe more than a pathway,” explains Baamba. “They also tell stories about how the world was created.” According to Aboriginal stories, the world was created, when giant beings, part human, part animal, came down from the sky. From across the sea and from deep in the earth.
One of the many sacred sites called Arkaroo Rock was mentioned in the songs and stories about the land. These songs and stories show the close relationship between the native people and their environment, how they saw themselves as part of nature rather than master of it, and how their way of life resulted in a valuable knowledge of their land. It was a way of life with more than 2,000 generations. It was a way of life that was safe from invasion and influence until 1788.
____________ Sadly, this destroyed their ancient way of life, and many Aboriginal songlines were lost. Today, people like Baamba are trying to restore this heritage and preserve it.
It’s late now and Baamba is waiting outside Arkaroo Rock. Inside, we’re admiring the beautiful cave paintings, but as soon as we have taken some photos, we leave. Dark clouds are visible on the horizon—there are already flashes of lightning and thunder in the distance. As we drive away, the wind blows through the trees, and we can almost hear the voices of those first Australians, singing the songs of their ancestors, and following the songlines.
1. Why does the writer mention Baamba’s ancestors’ songs in paragraph 1?A.To promote these songs, special culture | B.To draw readers’ attention to the theme. |
C.To show off the old but advanced songs. | D.To advertise the place’s tourist attractions |
A.Songlines were printed maps of die land. |
B.Sonlines were mainly used to help hunters. |
C.Songlines were a symbol of bravery of the Aborigines. |
D.Songlines played a key role in finding people’s way around. |
A.Songlines were negatively influenced by strange tourists. |
B.The Aborigines experienced a terrible natural disaster in 1788. |
C.The Aborigines celebrated their victories for defeating the enemy. |
D.Foreigners’ invasion since 1788 resulted in the natives’ life destroyed. |
A.Guidelines. | B.Songlines. | C.Exploration. | D.Tradition. |
7 . Valencia lives, for the time being, in a mobile home park.
He greeted me when I arrived and poured me a cup of coffee. He told me that his dad had worked at a brick-manufacturing plant. His mother worked at home. Most of his seven brothers and sisters didn’t go to college.
Valencia was determined to be the first, despite his late start. He said he was an average student struggling with math and went to community college a year after graduating from high school but decided quickly it was not for him.
He got into construction and then the insurance industry, but he’d always liked to write and do crossword puzzles. “And I loved to read. A lot,” he said. And he joked with his mother that if he won the lottery, he’d use the winnings for college.
It was around 2007. Valencia got tired of telling himself he was going to go back to school. He told his mother it was finally for real. She said, “I hope you make it, Jerry.” And I told her, “I’m going to make it, Mom. Surely!”
The plan was to capitalize on his former construction experience to study civil engineering—the design, building and repair of roads, bridges, etc. But he discovered other interests.
“He was not the youngest student,” says Grant Tovmasian, coach of the forensics debate team Valencia joined. “But he was the most motivated and dedicated, encouraging fellow students and inspiring them to live a more satisfying life?”
Valencia’s sister Sindi Majors says her brother was always bright, but he went through a couple of rough experiences in his life.
Because Valencia has nearly always been homeless, she bought him a motor home, where he lived from 2009 to 2018.
There is something splendidly irrational about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally achieves his goals.
But that doesn’t influence him. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating.
“Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts (大学生的成绩单). But I’m giving him an A and in the most important ways, it counts.” says Tovmasian.
1. What does the underlined phrase “capitalize on” in paragraph 6 probably mean?A.Make use of. | B.Get rid of. | C.Break down. | D.Appeal to. |
a. Valencia joined the debate team.
b. He went to a community college.
c. He got into construction industry.
d. He planned to study civil engineering.
A.b-d-c-a | B.b-c-d-a. | C.c-a-d-b | D.d-c-b-a |
A.Caring and ambitious. | B.Devoted and modest. |
C.Positive and generous. | D.Determined and motivated. |
A.Because he hopes to see Valencia graduate as soon as possible. |
B.Because he admires Valencia for his good quality and performance. |
C. Because Valencia has done extra work to perform the best in the class. |
D.Because Valencia has reached his goals earlier inspired by Tovmasian |
8 . Hiring processes can be considered as a battle between honesty and dishonesty. You might imagine this is a simple fight between truth — seeking companies and self-promoting applicants, and to a certain extent it is. But companies sometimes deliberately twist the truth in a way that is self-destructive.
Let’s start with job applicants. The point of a CV or a LinkedIn (领英) profile is to make reality as appealing as possible. If anyone who has reached a certain level of experience is a leader who is personally responsible for generating millions in revenue (收入), the world economy would be about 15 times bigger than it actually is. The average Briton spends four and a half hours a day watching TV and online videos. But the average job applicant uses their spare time only for worthy purposes, like volunteering in soup kitchens or teaching orphans to code.
The companies also tend to magnify the truth as applicants do. The typical firm will write a job description that describes the work environment as fast -paced and innovative, and then lays out a set of impossible requirements for the “ideal applicant”, who almost does not exist. Sometimes-as when ads demand more years of experience in a programming language than that language has existed for-these requirements include an ability to go back and change the course of history.
Tracey Franklin, a fan of “realistic job previews” (RJPs), says that one effective strategy is, in text or video, to give would-be employees a genuine sense of the negatives and positives of the job, as well as a clear idea of the company’s corporate culture. Such honesty can be its own reward. A paper in 2011 by David Earnest of Towson University and his co-authors concluded that RJPs lead to lower turnover (人事变更率) and higher employee satisfaction.
1. What do we know about a CV or a LinkedIn profile according to the passage?A.They highlight relevant volunteer work. |
B.They demonstrate genuine interests and hobbies. |
C.They exaggerate one’s achievements and skills. |
D.They accurately represent one’s qualifications and experiences. |
A.Ironical. | B.Concerned. | C.Serious. | D.Humorous. |
A.RJPs lead to higher turnover. |
B.RJPs contribute to the stability of the employees. |
C.Companies should avoid sharing corporate culture. |
D.RJPs fail to influence turnover and employee satisfaction. |
A.Hire, liar | B.Apply, liar | C.Labor, liar | D.Fire, liar |
9 . Everyone has a different path through education. While some attend university right after high school, others find their way back years later. This was the
The South Carolina native returned to the classroom after retiring at age 68, finally
Payne will be
“It’s never too late to learn and Minnie Payne is making history, as no one has
Before reaching her
Payne has already
We wish Payne the best of luck in her new career.
1.A.contest | B.criterion | C.case | D.chance |
A.applying | B.receiving | C.polishing | D.drilling |
A.Ahead of | B.Because of | C.Instead of | D.In view of |
A.pursued | B.changed | C.approached | D.quitted |
A.encouraged | B.guided | C.aided | D.accompanied |
A.insists on | B.takes on | C.signs up | D.weighs up |
A.suspected | B.anticipated | C.resolved | D.inquired |
A.preference | B.sympathy | C.passion | D.reference |
A.competence | B.virtue | C.disaster | D.burden |
A.ultimate | B.crucial | C.precise | D.concise |
A.hard-working | B.part-time | C.full-time | D.well-paid |
A.functioned | B.pretended | C.labeled | D.qualified |
A.searched | B.landed | C.hatched | D.arranged |
A.budget | B.benefit | C.intention | D.assumption |
A.constantly | B.temporarily | C.occasionally | D.casually |
10 . “If you feel like sleeping more in the winter, you’re not alone,” said Dr. Raj Dasgupta, an associate professor of clinical medicine in California, citing research that found at least a third of American adults reported they sleep more in the winter.
The 188 patients who underwent sleep studies at St. Hedwig Hospital in Berlin slept about an hour longer in winter than they did in summer. And participants did get 30 more minutes of rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep during winter.
The REM phase of sleep is the sweet spot of sleep cycles, characterized by more dreaming and faster heart rate and breathing than in other stages. Its “an essential stage of sleep that helps with memory, concentration, mood regulation and immune function,” Dasgupta said.
The desire for more sleep during winter may have to do with how light fluctuates (波动,起伏) throughout the year. “Our bodies receive cues from the sun when it comes to our circadian rhythm, meaning that when it is bright outside we tend to be active, but when the sun goes down, you may tend to feel tired,” Dasgupta said. “The decrease in sunlight causes an increase in melatonin (褪黑激素) in the body that regulates sleep-wake cycles.”
With the earlier production of melatonin during winter, “it would be natural to assume that a healthy person also would need more sleep during the winter,” said Dr. Carleara Weiss, a research assistant professor at the University of Buffalo.
And light influences not only sleep quantity but also sleep quality. ‘“REM sleep is highly affected by light and darkness, so when during the winter months we have less light, the body is going to basically overcompensate by giving more REM sleep,” said Dr. Joshua Tal, a clinical psychologist specializing in sleep issues.
Humans still don’t need to hibernate (冬眠), Weiss said, nor can we afford to due to our social and occupational obligations. “But we can make adjustments to perform in a better way, to rest in a better way during winter,” she said. “To help our bodies make this transition from sleep to wake, it’s important to have light exposure in the morning during winter months,” Weiss said. “Along with that, it’s important to keep a consistent bedtime and wake-up times.”
1. What happens in the REM phase of sleep?A.Faster breathing. | B.Slower heart rate. |
C.More concentration. | D.Fewer dreaming. |
A.Light will remove people’s desire for sleep. |
B.The brighter it is, the more active you will be. |
C.Light affects not sleep quantity, but sleep quality. |
D.People are more likely to feel sleepy when it gets dark. |
A.People’s sleep quality is decided by the REM sleep. |
B.People’s health is built up based on the REM sleep. |
C.More REM sleep can strengthen our energy in winter. |
D.REM sleep can make up for the shortcoming of less light. |
A.The theory of REM sleep. | B.The approach to relaxing. |
C.The way to adapt ourselves. | D.The plan of increasing sleep. |