1 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

A boy called Jimmy always arrived home hungry every day and his parents couldn’t figure out why. When Jimmy wouldn’t share what was going on, his parents decided to visit the principal (校长), hoping he could offer the answer.

After talking with Jimmy’s classmates, the principal and his parents heard a story. Although Jimmy never talked about it, his classmates told them that he always came to school without food. The principal and his parents were shocked. No wonder Jimmy was always so hungry after school! Was there something happening on the way to school?

To make the situation clear, the principal naked Jimmy’s teacher, Mr. Green, to talk to Jimmy in private. During the conversation with the teacher. Jimmy refused to say anything about the situation, leaving everyone helpless. This left the principal with no evidence to take any action regarding the missing lunch of Jimmy.

Jimmy’s parents were becoming increasingly concerned as their child continued to come home from school without saying a word. Despite their meeting in the school, they thought that they had no other ways to discover the reason why Jimmy was always so hungry. The lack of communication with their child only added to their helplessness. They knew they needed to take action, but they had no idea where to start.

Determined to get to the bottom of the problem. Jimmy’s father derided to take action again. The next day. Jimmy’s father went to school and asked to speak with Jimmy’s teacher, Mr. Green.

When Jimmy’s father reached the school, Mr. Green spoke with him and patiently answered all of his questions. However, despite a deep conversation between them, no conclusion could be reached, which still questioned Jimmy’s parents.

注意：1. 写作词数应为120左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

One day, by accident, Jimmy’s father found a thank-you letter from Jimmy’s room.

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Jimmy’s parents were touched by his act of kindness.

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2 . The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup. We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions.     1     But where do our new ideas come from?

Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together.     2     Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well. Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱).

    3     Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it.

However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music. It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products.     4    

We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike.     5     Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain.

A．However, creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions.

B．We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not.

C．But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere?

D．But Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process.

E．It shares the same structure and progression as other paintings.

F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind.

G．His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not.

4 . How Sociologists Define Culture

Sociologists recognize that culture plays a crucial role in our social lives. It is important for shaping social relationships, maintaining social order, and in shaping our actions and experiences in society.     1    

In brief, sociologists define the non-material aspects of culture as the values and beliefs, language and practices that are shared in common. Expanding on these categories, culture is made up of our knowledge, common sense, the norms and morals; the symbols we use to express meaning and ideas.     2     It informs how we carry our bodies and interact with others; how we behave depending on the place, time and “audience”. Culture includes the practices we participate in as well, such as religious ceremonies and the celebration of holidays.

    3     This aspect of culture includes a wide variety of things, from buildings, technological gadgets and clothing, to film, music, literature and art, etc. Aspects of material culture are more commonly referred to as cultural products.

Sociologists see the two sides of culture — the material and non-material — as closely connected. Material culture emerges from the non-material aspects.     4     But it is not a one-way relationship between the two sides. Material culture can also influence the non-material aspects. For example, a powerful documentary film might change people’s attitudes and beliefs.     5     What has come before in terms of music, film, television and art influences the values and beliefs of those who interact with them, which then, in turn, influence the creation of additional cultural products.

A．Material culture is composed of the things that humans make and use.

B．This is why cultural products tend to follow patterns.

C．Without culture, we would not have relationships or society.

D．Culture is also what we do and how we behave and perform.

E．In other words, what we value and believe influences the things that we make.

F．Culture is distinct from social structure and economic aspects of society.

G．It is composed of both non-material and material things.

6 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was always afraid of water. This fear could not be explained, but I knew that the moment I stepped near any body of water, my legs would turn to jelly (果冻). I would imagine myself drowning in the water and thrashing around (乱扑腾) helplessly. That was why I had never gone into a swimming pool until swimming became a school requirement. My school wanted all pupils to pass a swimming test, and if they could not, then they would have to attend weekly swimming lessons in school, which made me tremble.

Thus, my parents signed me up for swimming lessons at the pool near my house. With great unwillingness, I attended those weekly lessons, and each one was great suffering for me. I was naturally clumsy, and my fear of water did not help at all. Every lesson, I would be spending my time thrashing about in the water, while my classmates would be swimming countless laps effortlessly and even turning over like dolphins in the water. How was I going to pass the test at this rate?

In my swimming class, there was an exceptionally athletic girl. Tall and muscular, her name was Kathy. She was the best swimmer in our class and always looked at me with disdain (鄙视), especially when I thrashed about hopelessly in the water.

Once, after a particularly long and hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pool. Gathering my courage, I asked gently, “Kathy, can you teach me to swim?” She stared at me coldly. It was as if I stood at the edge of an endless ocean of inadequacy, my fears appearing like dark storm clouds threatening to drown me. Yet, in that moment, a glimmer of hope flashed within me, a desperate longing for guidance and acceptance. Would Kathy’s icy exterior (外表) melt under the warmth of empathy, or would I remain forever thrashing in the sea of my own fears?

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

To my surprise, she nodded after a few moments of silence.

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“Congratulations!” Kathy said when she learnt I had passed the swimming test.

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