(1)你的选择;
(2)你的理由
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| A．To make people remember him. |
| B．To show his excellent talent. |
| C．To remember the moments in university. |
| D．To recall his childhood. |
| A．It used some advanced narrative skills. |
| B．It is easy to understand the deep meaning. |
| C．It has a kind of bell ringing quality. |
| D．It is suitable to recite aloud with expression. |
| A．He likes to compose poems at quiet corners. |
| B．He graduated from Harvard University in 1995. |
| C．He wrote only two poems in his life. |
| D．He had a good time at Harvard. |
I’d been waitressing for months, earning extra money for college. “Since it’s not too busy, go and see if Ray wants any more coffee,” my boss said to me as he pointed to an older man sitting in the corner.
Ray was holding the cup in his hand as he stared out of the window. He was a re gular lunch customer on Mondays and Fridays.
“Can I refill the cup for you, Ray?” I asked. He looked up with a peaceful smile and held his cup out toward me. “You know, I’ve been coming here for several years, and I have to say you have the nicest smile,” he whispered. “Can you sit for minutes... please?”
I sat down and he smiled, “Your smile reminds me of my granddaughter, Sharon.” He took out a picture of her from his wall et and handed it to me. “She graduated from college last year.”
“What a nice-looking girl!” I said. “Does she live near you?”
Ray shook his head as he put the picture back in his wallet. “She moved to California last year. I miss her a lot. She and I used to have lunch together on Monday s and Fridays,” he said. “She now wants me to move out there to be closer to her.”
“So, why don’t you?”
“I don’t know if I really want to move. I’ve been here all my life,” he answered.
I heard my boss calling me. “I guess that’s meant for me,” I said as I stood up.
We smiled at each other. “Ray……if my grandfather had been like you, I’d have asked him day and night to move closer to me, too.” I patted his shoulder. “Don’t wait too long. Nice talking with you...”
For the next couple of weeks, Ray continued to come on Mondays and Fridays. But on that Monday of Thanksgiving week, he didn’t show up. Then one Wednesday afternoon, walking out to my car after work, I heard a voice call my name from across the parking lot.
注意：1.续写词数应为 150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was Ray, hurrying to catch up to me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Have you made up your mind to move?” I asked.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. 黑脉金斑蝶的现状；
2. 提出保护原因及措施；
3. 号召保护濒危动物。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Protect Monarch Butterflies
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Reese Osterberg, a 10-year-old girl, is a big fan of the baseball team San Francisco Giants and Little League. When the girl lost her home in Fresno County, California, to one of the largest wildfires in state history early last fall, she had a very pressing concern: Did anyone grab her cherished baseball cards?
Unfortunately, no one had. Her mom recalled that the roaring fire seemed to devour (吞噬) everything in their yard. Danger was definitely around them. With a houseful of kids and dogs and a farm’s worth of horses to evacuate, if they didn’t hurry up, the consequences would be unimaginable. So at the extremely urgent moment, the whole family totally forgot her cards am id the dangerous situation. Naturally, the enthusiastic fan of San Francisco Giants and Little League was upset. When she watched the Giants on TV, she would lay out each player’s card on the floor in his corresponding field position. “I like baseball cards because they are pictures of people doing happy stuf — doing what they love, and what I love”, says Reese.
Reese’s loss deeply touched the hearts of the warmhearted firefighters from Fresno County Fire Department. They decided to do something to help the upset kid. Before long, they posted her story on its Face-book page with a plea to help Reese regain her baseball card collection. The story, in turn, touched the heart of kind Kevin Ashford, a longtime baseball collector, who was more than willing to seize the opportunity to do good.
Ashford knew exactly where Reese could find replacement cards: in his garage. He had more than 25,000 in his collection, with a ball park value of $35,000 to $50,000. Ashford had been thinking about selling them when he happened to read the fire department’s post. “I wasn’t really doing anything with them,” says Ashford. “I thought I could take care of this problem rather quickly.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ashford immediately responded to the post.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Reese has gotten so many cards from Ashford and she decided to share these cards with other kids.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
1. 元(一)月21日到上海后入住预定酒店；
2. 第二天、第三天去上海各地游玩，如迪士尼乐园、东方明珠、科技馆等；
3. 元月24日乘坐高铁返回。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：
Disneyland(迪士尼乐园); the Oriental Pearl Tower(东方明珠); Shanghai Science and Technology Museum(上海科技馆); high speed railway(高铁)
Dear Lucy,
How is everything going?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
1. How long was the family vacation?
| A．Two weeks. | B．One week. | C．Four days. |
| A．Parties. | B．New cars. | C．Travelling. |
| A．An engineer. | B．A teacher. | C．A student. |
| A．Umbrellas. | B．Sweaters. | C．Food. |
8 . Ann has been severely paralysed (瘫痪)for more than 18 years. She cannot speak and normally communicates. But now, she has been able to speak through an image on the computer using technology that translated her brain signals into speech and facial expressions.
The advance raises hopes that the technology could be on the edge of transforming the lives of people who have lost the ability to speak due to conditions like strokes (中风).
The latest technology uses tiny electrodes (电极) put on the top layer of the brain to detect electrical activity in the part of the brain that controls speech and face movements. These signals are translated directly into a digital avatar’s (化身) speech and facial expressions including smiling, frowning or surprise.
The team put 253 paper-thin electrodes on the top layer of Ann’s brain over an area important to speech. Afterwards Ann worked with the team to train the system to detect her unique brain signals for various speech sounds by repeating different phrases repeatedly. The computer learned 39 distinctive sounds and a Chat GPT-style language system was used to translate the signals into understandable sentences. This was then used to control an avatar with a voice personalised to sound like Ann’s voice before the injury, based on a recording of her speaking at her wedding.
The technology was not perfect, translating words incorrectly 28% of the time in a test run involving more than 500 phrases, and it generated brain-to-text at a rate of 78 words a minute, compared with the 110–150 words typically spoken in natural conversation. However, scientists said the latest advances in accuracy and speed suggest the technology is now at a point of being practically useful for patients. A crucial next step is to create a wireless form that could be put beneath the skull (颅骨).
1. How can Ann speak?| A．By tiny electrodes on her brain. |
| B．Through an avatar using the latest technology. |
| C．Through repeating different phrases repeatedly. |
| D．By a technology that detects her brain signals. |
| A．How the technology works. |
| B．How the technology benefits the patients. |
| C．How the technology translates the brain signal. |
| D．How the technology is put into wide application. |
| A．Ann’s cooperation. | B．Ann’s facial expressions. |
| C．An AI language system. | D．A recording of Ann’s speaking. |
| A．It is a promising way to help patients. |
| B．Its translating speed is too slow. |
| C．It cannot be applied to patients. |
| D．It is not accurate in translating at all. |
9 . To prevent tsunami-caused disasters, several countries worked together to expand the use of a tsunami-detecting system that had been developed in the United States by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The system
By 2004 only six such detectors had been installed, all in the Pacific. There were
There are now 53 detector buoys operating in the world’s oceans, including 6 of a planned 27 in the Indian Ocean. So a (n)
In March, the system, which is run by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), did not work perfectly. JMA’s initial
| A．approves | B．rids | C．expects | D．consists |
| A．broadcasts | B．foresees | C．assigns | D．imposes |
| A．some | B．a few | C．none | D．others |
| A．qualified | B．alerted | C．substituted | D．fueled |
| A．although | B．until | C．as | D．where |
| A．difficult | B．thoughtful | C．easy | D．pressing |
| A．alternative | B．perspective | C．repetition | D．resume |
| A．surprise | B．mistake | C．accident | D．force |
| A．reference | B．confirmation | C．suggestion | D．expectation |
| A．undertake | B．multiply | C．deposit | D．blanket |
| A．location | B．direction | C．territory | D．length |
| A．note | B．catalogue | C．volume | D．estimate |
| A．worse | B．larger | C．higher | D．wider |
| A．schedule | B．scheme | C．monitor | D．response |
| A．warning | B．security | C．setting | D．responsibility |
10 . Every decision we make is arrived at through hugely complex neurological processing. Although it feels as though you have a choice, the action that you ‘decide’ to take is entirely directed by automatic neural activity. Brain imaging studies show that a person’s action can be predicted by their brain activity up to 10 seconds before they themselves become aware they are going to act. Multiple neuroscientific studies show that even those important decisions that feel worked out are just as automatic as knee-jerk reactions (膝跳反应) (although more complex).
Decision-making starts with the amygdala: a set of two almond-shaped nuclei (杏仁状核) buried deep within the brain, which generate emotion. The amygdala registers the information streaming in through our senses and responds to it in less than a second, sending signals throughout the brain. These produce an urge to run, fight, freeze or grab, according to how the amygdala values various stimuli.
Before we act on the amygdala’s signals, however, the information is usually processed by other brain areas, including some that produce conscious thoughts and emotions. Areas concerned with recognition work out what’s going on, those concerned with memory compare it with previous experiences, and those concerned with reasoning, judging and planning get to work on constructing various action plans. The best plan—if we are lucky—is then selected and carried out. If any of this process goes wrong, we are likely to hesitate, or do something silly.
The various stages of decision-making are marked by different types of brain activity. Fast (gamma)waves, with frequencies of 25 to 100 Hz, produce a keen awareness of the multiple factors that need to be taken into account to arrive at a decision. If you are trying to choose a sandwich, for instance, gamma waves generated in various cells within the ‘taste’ area of the brain bring to mind and compare the taste of ham, hummus, wholemeal, sourdough, and so on. Although it may seem useful to be aware of the full range of choice, too much information makes decision-making more difficult, so irrelevant factors get dismissed quickly and unconsciously.
After this comparison stage, the brain switches to slow-wave activity (12 to 30 Hz). This extinguishes most of the gamma activity, leaving just a single ‘hotspot’ of gamma waves which marks the chosen option.
Although there is no ‘you’ outside your brain to direct what it’s doing, you can help it to make good decisions by placing yourself in a situation which is likely to make the process run more smoothly. Doing something that is physically or mentally stimulating before making a decision will help your brain produce the initial gamma waves that generate awareness of the competing options. Getting over-excited, on the other hand, will prevent the switch to the slow brainwaves, making it much harder to single out a choice.
1. Why does the writer mention “knee-jerk reactions” in the first paragraph?| A．To introduce the finding of the latest brain imaging studies. |
| B．To illustrate that decisions are not consciously thought out. |
| C．To call attention to a kind of neural reaction that is not very complex. |
| D．To show the difference between decision-making and other brain activity. |
| A．It works out conscious thoughts and emotions. |
| B．It selects the best action plan for a given situation. |
| C．It dismisses factors that are irrelevant to the decision to be made. |
| D．It processes sensory information and generates emotional responses. |
| A．Slow-wave activity usually lasts longer than fast-wave activity. |
| B．The brain prioritizes information before settling on a final choice. |
| C．Decision-making is difficult when slow-wave activity occurs first. |
| D．The brain needs as much information as possible to make a decision. |
| A．By preparing the brain to single out the most reasonable choice. |
| B．By helping the brain switch to slow-wave activity more quickly. |
| C．By getting the brain to focus on those most relevant alternatives. |
| D．By making the brain more aware of the factors and choices involved. |
