1 . Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.
Chahl’s team used a special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads and undertake long observation missions.
Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually reveals the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer drones that can right themselves.
Of course, not all attempts to build dragonfly-like drones are successful. TechJet’s air vehicle was supposed to operate as an aerial camera, observation and security drone, but it failed before production got underway. Similarly, Insectothopter, an American dragonfly spy drone built in the 1970 s was deserted.
Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid. In fact, NASA has settled on a nuclear-powered autonomous craft called Dragonfly to explore the surface of Saturn’s moon Titan in 2034. NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.
1. Why did aeronautics specialists spend months studying the dragonfly’s flight?| A．To make winged drones modelled after it. |
| B．To build 3D models from digital images. |
| C．To clarify the flexibility and efficiency of drones. |
| D．To display the shape and movement of the dragonfly. |
| A．glide to safety | B．avoid tricky situations |
| C．perform observation tasks | D．adjust themselves to stay stable |
| A．To showcase the inventions of engineers. |
| B．To compare dragonfly-like drones with other aircrafts. |
| C．To illustrate failed attempts of building dragonfly-like drones. |
| D．To explain the disadvantages of these aircrafts. |
| A．Winged Drones: Still a Long Way to Go |
| B．Javaan Chahl: An Innovative Leader of Aeronautics |
| C．A Dragonfly’s Flying Technique: Perfect for Drones |
| D．The Code of Nature: A Solution to NASA’s Space Exploration |
The Mount Changbaishan Geopark, along with five other Chinese geoparks,
“China is rich in geological heritage, with a broad distribution and a complete range of geological types,” Ren Fang,
China set up national-level geoparks and began applying for Global Geopark status in 2003 in response to UNESCO's initiative
The Mount Changbaishan Geopark, newly
3 . At Countryside High School in Clearwater, Fla. , 16-year-old Sage Waite is already taking a class in cybersecurity, and she’d welcome one that’s in the works on cyber disinformation.
“For the longest time, I didn’t actually know what disinformation was,” said Waite, who’s in the 11th grade. “There was always the idea that things could be wrong in what you’re hearing and what you’re being told. But the idea of misinformation and disinformation wasn’t in my day-to-day.” This past year, she says, has been an eye-opener. “My friends and I definitely started looking into stuff more and doing more research after that,” she said.
A new program on “digital literacy,” with a focus on topics like disinformation, is in the pipeline, thanks in part to Mike McConnell, who is now working to fight false information aimed at young people. “We need to understand this so we can appreciate what's happening to us, and be able to not only understand it, but also to navigate through it,” McConnell said. “That’s what I call digital literacy.”
McConnell is executive director of Cyber Florida, which is based at the University of South Florida in Tampa. The group works with kids throughout the state at universities, high schools, and even those in younger grades. Cyber Florida helped set up the cybersecurity program now being taught at many Florida schools. The new project, Cyber Citizenship, is even more ambitious. “We think if we can do this for Florida, we can spread it across the nation,” he said.
The expanded program now in the works aims to make digital literacy something all Florida students get, at several grade levels, before they finish high school.
There’s no date yet for the cyber disinformation classes in Florida, but computer teacher Jason Felt says it can’t come soon enough and he is ready to embrace it.
“The Internet is a wonderful tool. It’s connected us in a way that’s never really been seen before. But it’s a blessing and it’s also a curse.”
Teaching students the difference, he says, is a huge challenge.
1. What can we learn about the class that Sage Waite is taking from the first two paragraphs?| A．It receives a cold welcome. | B．It aims to form a bond. |
| C．It focuses on technologies. | D．It has a positive impact. |
| A．The specific strategies for protecting privacy. | B．The inborn capacity to track fake information. |
| C．The general skills of maintaining cybersecurity. | D．The overall ability to handle online information. |
| A．To outperform Cybersecuritiy. | B．To take the lead in the world. |
| C．To reach a wider range of students. | D．To make a substantial profit. |
| A．Welcoming. | B．Unclear. | C．Opposed. | D．Prejudiced. |
4 . La Royale Maison de Savoie
Alexandre Dumas, author of several popular novels, was pressed to write La Royale Maison de Savoie for money in 1854. It was so rushed that neither the National Library of France nor the Alexandre Dumas Museum had any knowledge of it. In 1998, two historians discovered it in an Italian antique bookstore. Since then, it has been published again in France.
Profile of a Young Fiancée
The art piece has created quite a storm in the art world since its discovery. At first, it was thought to be a piece of a late 19th century German artist. In 1998, it was sold to a private collector. Over the next 10 years, some experts, including Nicholas Turner, closely examined the work and determined it was probably drawn by Leonardo da Vinci around 1485.
War Thoughts at Home
This 35-line poem by Robert Frost remained unknown to all but his friend Frederic Melcher until 2006-88 years after it was written. Melcher donated the poet’s letters and books to the University of Virginia. And Robert Stilling, a graduate student, came across the poem inside a copy of Frost’s 1914 book North of Boston.
Trio in E Flat Major
Ludwig van Beethoven composed this untitled work in 1792, then rearranged it about eight years later. Only partly completed, the project was abandoned and subsequently lost for over 100 years. German musicologist Willy Hess published the handwritten manuscript (手稿) in a scholarly review in 1920, gaining little attention. The first known performance of the 12-minute piece was on March 1, 2009.
1. Who is probably the creator of Profile of a Young Fiancée?| A．A German artist. | B．A private collector. |
| C．Nicholas Turner. | D．Leonardo da Vinci. |
| A．La Royale Maison de Savoie. | B．Profile of a Young Fiancée. |
| C．War Thoughts at Home. | D．Trio in E Flat Major. |
| A．They are the same art form. | B．They were created in the same country. |
| C．They used to be unknown for a period. | D．They are the most famous pieces of the creators. |
5 . Having a growth mindset means believing that your intelligence, creative ability, and character are more than just what you’re born with. With it, you can increase your intelligence and self-awareness, continually growing as a person. Luckily, there are ways that can help you develop a growth mindset.
Figure out what your gifts are. Your gifts will help you succeed, but they can only do so if you know what they are. Start by thinking about the areas in which you excel.
Know your challenges. Listen when you receive feedback from others, as that tells you where you can grow. For example, if a friend says, “
Be willing to try new things. Part of developing a growth mindset is always working to challenge yourself. That means you must try new things. However, when you try new things, you’re bound to make mistakes, which keeps many people from even trying.
| A．What comes easiest to you? |
| B．You’re starting another new project? |
| C．Avoiding silly mistakes is a top priority. |
| D．Remember mistakes don’t define who you are. |
| E．The best solution is to keep trying and challenging yourself. |
| F．In this way, you’ll become a successful person just like them. |
| G．You should think and act like them to continually progress and master your skills. |
6 . A walk-on (临时队员) to the gymnastics team of University of Maryland who earned a full scholarship, Bonnie Bernstein learned more than professional skills during her years of competition. She partially credits her achievements as a sports journalist to life skills she’d learned in the gym: teamwork, patience and comfort with taking risks.
What she didn’t realize until recently was that her experience is far from unique. After coming across a 2018 study by Ernst and Young that found that 94% of female leaders had played sports as kids, Bernstein was inspired to dive deeper into the relationship between women’s sports and professional success. That led to “She Got Game”, her Audible Originals podcast (播客) in which she asks 10 women to share how their experience as athletes informed their careers-whether related to sports or not.
“Yes, of course, you probably enjoy all the physical, emotional and community benefits of playing sports, but it’s equally important to be thinking about the long game, ”says Bernstein. “Even if you’re not a top athlete, you’re still sharpening these critical life skills that are going to prepare you up for success in life.”
On “She Got Game”, guests including former first daughter Chelsea Clinton, Emmy-winning actress Aisha Tyler and Sheila Johnson, the world’s first black female billionaire, describe how the on-your-feet thinking, accountability, passion and leadership skills they developed playing sports helped them succeed in their respective fields. Clinton also recalls how her mom brought orange slices to her soccer team’s games in Arkansas.
Bernstein hopes that the podcast will inspire those who aren’t meant for professional sports-or even college scholarships-to stick with it. “Girls are still exiting sports at higher frequency and earlier age than boys, ”she says. “This podcast provides parents and coaches who are influencing the lives of these girls with a reason why it’s important to stay and play. ”
1. What does Bernstein think contributes to her success as a journalist most?| A．The companions she met in the gym. | B．The qualities she acquired in the gym. |
| C．The encouragement of a full scholarship. | D．The achievements she made as a walk-on. |
| A．Her unique success. | B．Stories of ten successful women. |
| C．Her experience as a kid. | D．The result of a relevant study. |
| A．The identity of the guests. | B．The benefits of doing sports. |
| C．The content of the podcast. | D．The influence of the podcast. |
| A．Thoughtful. | B．Independent. | C．Optimistic. | D．Generous. |
7 . If you’ve ever discovered unexpected online shopping activity on your accounts- 
worth of See ’n Says, for example-you know the risks of handing your cellphone to a restless preschooler. But children’s impulse (冲动) buys just uncover the surface of potential risks when children and technology meet. With smartphones and the Internet so accessible, children are leaving their digital fingerprints at increasingly early ages, often without guidance on the importance of privacy or security.
For the past eight years, Michigan State University professors Jessica Vitak and Tamara Clegg have talked to parents, teachers and kids about the challenges of surfing the Internet. Their current project, Connecting Contexts, offers a variety of learning opportunities to help kids safely and smartly interact with the ever-progressing technology they encounter. “Having these conversations early,” said Vitak, “will build awareness and habits around privacy they can take into adulthood. ”
“Many of the parents we interviewed didn’t feel they needed to talk about privacy with their kids before middle or high school,” said Vitak. “But if you’re willing to hand your child a smartphone or a tablet, then they are old enough to learn how to use them safely. ”
In December, the Federal Trade Commission proposed massive changes to existing federal rules around how online platforms collect children’s data and make money from it. It grilled (责问) Meta, Discord and other social media companies last month on their efforts to protect children on their platforms. It also carried out six bills before the Congress would tighten online security and safety for kids.
Extending from elementary to middle school, their work offers tested tools and resources for parents, teachers and children-including conversation starters at home, practical tips for building a better password or using social media, choosing learning apps for the classroom and age-appropriate “micro-lessons” that can be integrated into the courses.
1. What does the author describe at the beginning of the text?| A．The typical style of kids’ digital life. | B．The risks of kids’ exposure to technology. |
| C．The convenience of online shopping. | D．The role of smartphones in kids’ growth. |
| A．Parents lack awareness of kids’ online privacy. |
| B．Parents should set age limits for phone use. |
| C．Kids have little self-discipline on the Internet. |
| D．School should be responsible for kids’ online safety: |
| A．It stopped children spending money on social media. |
| B．It made lots of changes to the present rules. |
| C．It collected data from online platforms. |
| D．It introduced several protective bills. |
| A．Kids’ Online Risks and Privacy Education |
| B．Actions Taken to Protect Kids’ Online Privacy |
| C．Kids’ Early Privacy Habits in the Internet Age |
| D．Researchers Create Technology Safety Tools for Kids |
8 . The Atacama Desert in northern Chile stretches from the Pacific to the Andes across an expanse of red-orange rock mountains and peaks. It’s a dream destination for tourists. But the Atacama Desert is also one of the world’s fast-growing dumps (垃圾场) of abandoned clothes. The scene in northern Chile has been shown in one online video-large amounts of abandoned clothes stretch as far as the eye can see.
Chile is home to one of South America’s largest duty-free ports-located in the coastal city of Iquique. The duty-free port was established in 1975 to help generate jobs and improve local economy. As fast fashion exploded, so did imports. Millions of tons of clothes arrive annually from all over the world.
“The free zone was a ’true transformation’ for the city’s residents,” says Bernardo Guerrero, a sociologist that studies Iquique’s history and culture. “They suddenly had access to things they could never have imagined.” Clothing began washing in and out of Iquique like waves as global fashions changed. Guerrero recalls a time when almost everybody in the city wore the same style of puffer jacket.
The free zone has also developed into a sorting site for abandoned clothes. Mehmet Yildiz, who operates a clothing import business, brings in clothes from the United States and Europe. Once the clothes reach Iquique, workers separate them into four categories according to quality. Yildiz then exports the best to other countries for resale. Clothing that the importers don’t want will be delivered a few miles outside Alto Hospicio, where it goes through another cycle of sorting and resale in street markets. Clothing that doesn’t sell at the market is sent to the desert, and much of it is made from materials that won’t biodegrade (生物降解).
As helpful as resale markets might have been in an earlier era, they’ve been flooded with the large amounts of the mounting discards. New efforts, large and small, are under way to deal with clothing waste, and attention to the mess in the desert may inspire additional projects.
1. What does the online video show about the Atacama Desert?| A．Its large area. | B．Its considerable fame. |
| C．Its natural beauty. | D．Its endless waste. |
| A．It brought about disasters to Iquique. | B．It changed local people’s life rapidly. |
| C．It created lots of jobs for local people. | D．It was affected by the history of Iquique. |
| A．They are made in Iquique. | B．They are of excellent quality. |
| C．They may harm the environment. | D．They boost local economy greatly. |
| A．Things thrown away. | B．Clothes out of fashion. |
| C．Markets out of business. | D．Deserts occupied by waste. |
9 . 12-year-old Ryan lives in a family with a tight budget. Despite their
With December’s cold
Sensing their unease, Ryan
Weeks passed, and Ryan’s pockets were filled with coins and bills. With a mix of
This deeply
| A．favorable | B．difficult | C．normal | D．unique |
| A．ensure | B．prove | C．stress | D．remember |
| A．honesty | B．understanding | C．generosity | D．appreciation |
| A．letting up | B．picking up | C．setting in | D．giving in |
| A．delight | B．concern | C．expectation | D．disappointment |
| A．affording | B．delivering | C．returning | D．collecting |
| A．refused | B．needed | C．resolved | D．agreed |
| A．credit | B．experience | C．recognition | D．cash |
| A．training | B．tending | C．keeping | D．seeking |
| A．gratefully | B．hesitantly | C．willingly | D．humbly |
| A．surprise | B．excitement | C．fear | D．confusion |
| A．handed | B．lent | C．awarded | D．paid |
| A．painful | B．brave | C．impressive | D．creative |
| A．ignoring | B．weighing | C．passing | D．sharing |
| A．power | B．right | C．thought | D．motivation |
Jack and Emma were best friends who shared a deep love for cycling. Jack was a freewheeling and fearless biker, while Emma was more cautious and methodical. This difference in their personalities often led to arguments, but they always managed to resolve their differences and come out stronger than ever.
One sunny afternoon, Jack suggested they go for a bike ride to explore the newly opened dirt track in the woods. Emma, who was still doubtful about the unknown path, tried to talk Jack out of it, but he was determined. Finally, she agreed to go along, hoping that nothing would go wrong. As they cycled along the dirt track, the landscape was filled with fallen trees and holes. Jack, who was in front, ignored the obstacles (障碍) and continued on his way. Emma, following behind, tried to avoid the obstacles but hit a slippery log and fell off her bike. Emma’s left knee was injured.
Emma was annoyed. She blamed Jack for not being more careful and accused him of putting them in danger. Jack felt guilty and apologized, but Emma was too upset to listen. She stormed off on foot, leaving Jack alone with her bike.
Jack stayed behind to repair Emma’s bike so they could continue their ride. When Emma returned, she found him patiently repairing her bicycle. His face was filled with concentration and care, and even though he didn’t say anything, his actions had expressed his intentions. Emma was moved and realized that Jack didn’t intentionally hurt her and there shouldn’t be any conflict between them.
That evening, both Jack and Emma couldn’t shake the feeling of discomfort in their hearts. They missed each other’s company. Both knew that they needed to talk about what had happened but neither wanted to be the first to initiate the conversation.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, Jack couldn’t bear the thought of losing his best friend.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The next day they met at the riverbank, both feeling nervous.
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