1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案写在题号后的横线上。

It is reported that next year, Singapore will treat sugary drinks in the way that other countries treat cigarettes — no advertisements. The plan aims     1     (reduce) the high rate of sugar which may cause diabetes (糖尿病)and heart diseases. Thanks to its economic     2    . (develop) and income growth, Asians have access to more and     3     (good) food than ever. However, Asian eaters,     4     have become richer, gradually begin to change their traditional diets to the food rich in fat and sugar. As     5     result, extra calories make them heavier. The effects of     6     (eat) unhealthily are serious. In the past twenty years, countries in the region     7     (see) the world’s largest increases in premature deaths because     8     the diseases related to sugar. Faced with     9     (it) serious situation, Singapore^’s plan is     10     (certain) reasonable.

2 . Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.

    1    For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.    2    That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.    3    Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.

    4    On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.    5    People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.

A．We use water indirectly too.

B．Every system in our body depends on water to function.

C．It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems

D．If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.

E．Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？

F．In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.

G．In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.

3 . Why go to Madrid？

There may be a slight chill(寒冷) in the air, with temperatures staying around 15℃ in March, but Spain’s handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up. Even more attractive are the cultural events.

A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spain’s greatest artist, Picasso, has just opened in the studio at the Fundación Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23. It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.

Later this summer, the 400th anniversary of the death of the Renaissance(文艺复兴) painter El Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24June to 5 October.

How to go?

The widest range of flights is offered by EasyJet—from Bristol, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Liverpool and Luton. British Airways and its sister airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City. Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted; Air Europa flies from Gatwick.

Barajas airport is 13km north-east of the city centre and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8, but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Ministerios station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city centre is ∈4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock; ∈5 one way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre. A taxi takes half the time. A flat rate of ∈30 covers most of central Madrid.

1. When will the exhibition about Picasso close?

A．On 23 March.

B．On 11 May.

C．On 24June.

D．On 5 October.

2. Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid?

A．EasyJet.

B．Ryanair.

C．Air Europa.

D．British Airways.

3. What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from Barajas airport?

A．Take a taxi.

B．Take a city bus.

C．Take Metro line 8.

D．Take the airport express bus.

4 . Hundreds of children are being treated for sleep problems in Wales every year. In some cases，babies，infants (婴儿)and teenagers have been admitted to hospital in north Wales alone.

The Children’s Sleep Charity said many children were suffering from lack of sleep mainly because of technology use. Public Health Wales said sleep was as important to a child’s health as healthy eating and exercise，and children with poor sleep patterns were more likely to be fat.

Statistics obtained (获得) under the Freedom of Information Act by BBC Wales found at least 408 children have been admitted to hospitals across Wales suffering from sleep disorders since March 2013.

Children aged between 0 and 4 made up the highest number of inpatients (住院病人)，with some newborns being treated for sleep-related problems from the day of birth.

Vicki Dawson，who set up the Children’s Sleep Charity (CSC)，said sleepless nights were putting both children and parents in anxiety. “Their weight and growth may also be affected as well as their mental health，”she said.

Teachers said children showing signs of sleep shortage and tiredness in class were a concern as they couldn’t concentrate for long periods.

Psychologist Amy McClelland，of Sleep Wales，saida common problem was that children were “over excited”before bed and that families should get back to basics. “Think 1950s family home. Dinner as a family，read，chat，a film maybe，lights off and then bed. ”She added.

1. What’s the main reason why children are short of sleep？

A．Less exercise.	B．Eating habits.
C．Technology use.	D．Sleep patterns.

2. Who are the majority of the inpatients with sleep-related disorders？

A．Infants.	B．Teenagers.
C．Teachers.	D．Parents.

3. What can we infer from what Amy McClelland said？

A．Chatting and films make children sleep more.

B．It is difficult for children to read before bed.

C．Being too excitedis good for sleep habits.

D．Relaxation has a bad effect on children.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A．Ways to Treat Sleep Problems	B．Sleep Problems of Welsh Children
C．Sleep Habits of Welsh Children	D．The Problems of Welsh Children

5 . If you wear glasses, chances are you are smarter. Research published in the famous British journal Nature Communications has found that people who displayed higher levels of intelligence were almost 30 percent more likely to wear glasses.

The scientists studied the genes of thousands of people between the ages of 16 and 102.The study showed intelligence can be connected to physical characteristics. One characteristic was eyesight. In out of 10 people who were more intelligent, there was a higher chance they needed glasses. Scientists also said being smarter has other benefits. It is connected to better health.

It is important to remember these are connections which are not proven causes. Scientists call this correlation. Just because something is connected to something else does not mean one of those things caused the other. And it’s worth noting that what constitutes intelligence is subjective and can be difficult, if not impossible, to measure.

Forget genes though. Plenty of proof shows wearing glasses makes people think you are more intelligent, even if you do not need glasses. A number of studies have found people who wear glasses are seen as smarter, hard-working and honest. Many lawyers use this idea to help win their cases. Lawyer Harvey Solves explained this. Glasses soften their appearance. He said Sometimes there has been a huge amount of proof showing that people he was defending broke the law. He had them wear glasses and they weren’t found guilty.

Glasses are also used to show someone is intelligent in movies and on TV. Ideas about people who wear glasses have begun to shift. People who do not need glasses sometimes wear them for fashion only. They want to look worldly or cool. But not everyone is impressed by this idea, though. GQ magazine said people who wear glasses for fashion are trying too hard to look smart and hip (时髦的). However, that hasn’t stopped many celebrities from happily wearing glasses even if they do not need them. Justin Bieber is just one high-profile fan of fashion glasses.

1. What does the new study show?

A．People wearing glasses are smarter.

B．People wearing glasses are healthier.

C．Wearing glasses can make people cleverer.

D．Wearing glasses is associated with higher IQ.

2. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Shift.

B．Link.

C．Proof.

D．Consequence.

3. Why do some lawyers ask their clients to wear glasses in court?

A．Because it can create a moral image.

B．Because it can mislead the witnesses.

C．Because it can highlight clients’ qualities.

D．Because it can prove the clients’ innocence.

4. What is the general attitude to those who wear glasses for fashion?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Mixed

D．Indifferent.

6 . Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the 1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.

The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable (可持续性) development. A year after Vienna was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee (WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four planned towers of the Wien-Mitte project. This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site’s buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale (规模) and visual effects in and around the property (地产). As a result of the Committee’s concerns, Vienna changed its building codes and launched a new design competition for the Wien-Mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World Heritage protection.

The successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600 experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.

The Recommendation put forwards an all-rounded and combined approach to balancing urban heritage (遗产) conservation and economic development, arguing that active protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable development.

The Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history, memory and the environment.

1. Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in Paragraph 1?

A．To explain the goal of the organization.

B．To encourage the public to protect the world.

C．To show the positive effect of conservation.

D．To remind people of the environmental problems.

2. Why was WHC worried about the Wien-Mitte project?

A．It took up too much public land of the city.

B．It had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna.

C．Its original designs were not environmentally friendly.

D．Its architectural solutions couldn’t meet safety standards.

3. What did the global discussion focus on?

A．The ways to combine conservation and development.

B．The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation.

C．The international urban management and development.

D．The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna.

4. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?

A．To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.

B．To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.

C．To stress the importance of the value of history and memory.

D．To promote active conservation and sustainable development.

7 . Really organized people are not born organized people.    1     ,which then help them stay organized. Here are four habits they use to keep their lives in order.

Write things down. A pen and a notebook are needed to record things.     2     .You will only further make your life complex(复杂的) by trying to contain important dates and messages in your head.

Make schedules and deadlines. By leading a cluttered(杂乱的) lifestyle, you will not have the time or space to make your deadlines or achieve your goals. Organized people don’t waste time.

They recognize that keeping things organized goes hand in hand with staying productive(富有成效 的). They make and keep schedules for the day and week. They make deadlines and set goals.    3    .

Don’t put off doing what you should be doing .    4    .If you want your life to be less stressful, then take action as soon as you can. Put in effort to get things done as soon as possible.

    5    .People who live organized lives only keep what they need and what they really want .Have you ever felt like you don’t have the space to keep all the things you own? Instead of buying a larger house, get rid of some.

A．Give everything a home

B．Keep only what you need

C．They have to develop some habits

D．And most importantly, they stick to them.

E．You can also use a computer or a smart phone

F．Organized people find time every week to organize their things

G．The longer you wait to do something, the more difficult it will be to get it done

8 . Please wear loose clothing, mostly cotton. It is obvious that wearing clothing that is loose rather than tight is welcomed in summer.     1    . This carries away the warmth that your body produces and allows cooler air to flow back in.

    2    . When it’s really hot out, materials that “breathe” — allowing the flow of air through the fabric (衣料) itself — also work to keep you cool. Cotton and linen are among the most breathable fabrics, so look for clothes made of those substances.

Your body controls its temperature via a small peanut-shaped section of the brain known as the hypothalamus (下丘脑).     3    . It turns the temperature up or down based on various factors — such as how cold or hot the skin is.

Certain parts of the skin have a larger influence than others.     4    . They get their name because you can feel your pulse there, and the reason you can do that is because vessels are so close to the edge of your skin that one can easily hear or feel the flow of blood.

When you want to lower your body temperature, cooling those pulse points with cold water or ice sends a signal to the brain that says, “Turn cold.”     5    . Focus on pulse points that are easy to reach: the insides of your wrists, the area around your temple, and your neck. Holding an ice pack or even a cold washcloth against the skin on these regions will make your entire body feel cooler.

A．It allows air to flow past the skin

B．Sweating helps to cool off the skin

C．These areas are called pulse points (脉冲点)

D．The type of fabric you wear has an influence, too

E．This fools your brain into turning down its thermostat (恒温器)

F．This region works almost like a thermostat in a home

G．Exercising in extreme heat is usually not recommended

9 . —How about _______ Christmas evening party?
—I should say it was _______ success.

A．a;a

B．the;a

C．a;不填

D．the;不填

10 . As I was thinking about language learning the other day, the image of baking bread came into my mind. I compared some of the exercises and drills that we put ourselves through in order to learn a language to the various ingredients that go into baking a loaf of fresh bread.

Real language learning takes place in human relationships. No one sits down and eats a cup of flour, even if he is hungry and in a hurry. You don’t become bilingual (双语的) by learning lists of vocabulary. You don’t become a speaker of a language by memorizing verb conjugations (动词的词形变化) and agreement rules. You become bilingual by entering a community that uses that other language as its primary means of communication.

I am not suggesting that we can make bread without ingredients. Flour is necessary, as are yeast, salt, water and other ingredients. Vocabulary is part of any language and will have to be learned. Grammatical rules exist in every language and cannot be ignored. But merely combining the appropriate ingredients in the recommended proportions does not result in bread. At best, you only end up with a ball of dough (面团).

In order to get bread, you have to apply heat to the dough. And in language learning, that heat comes from the community. Anyone who has learned a second language has experienced that heat. It creeps up your neck when you ask the babysitter, “Have you already been eaten?” when you meant to say, “Have you already eaten?” When you try to say something quite innocent and the whole room bursts into laughter, you are experiencing the heat that turns raw dough into good bread. Remember the old saying, “If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen?” This is where language learning often breaks down because we find the heat uncomfortable and we stop the baking process. In other words, we can’t stand the heat, so we get out of the kitchen.

However, the language learner who stays in the kitchen——in the heat until the combined ingredients are thoroughly transformed will enjoy the richness of a quality loaf of bread. He said that he did not “get out of the kitchen” at the critical moment when the oven seemed too hot. The dedicated language learner knows that becoming bilingual cannot be achieved without the heat!

1. The passage is mainly about________.

A．how we can make baking bread with various Ingredients

B．how to become bilingual by communicating with others

C．what an important role “heat” plays in learning a language

D．what a high quality of bread you may achieve in the kitchen

2. You can become a speaker of a language by_______.

A．bearing millions of words and expressions in your mind

B．using the language to communicate with those around you

C．knowing verb conjugations and grammatical rules

D．saying something innocent to be laughed at by others

3. What is the purpose of illustration of the example——you ask the babysitter, “Have you already been eaten?” when you meant to say, “Have you already eaten?”?

A．To prove that you are sure to make some mistakes when you enter a community.

B．To show that you should combine the ingredients in the recommended proportions.

C．To prove that you may experience “heat” from the community in language learning.

D．To indicate that being bilingual calls for your courage, confidence and perseverance.

4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the necessity of baking bread and learning language?

A．Wonderful skills.	B．Various ingredients.
C．Appropriate proportions.	D．Uncomfortable heat.