1 . New research led by scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst has revealed that the spiny pollen (带刺花粉) of plants in the sunflower family can reduce infection of a common bee parasite (寄生生物) by up to 94 percent. The sunflowers'spiny pollen can destroy a parasite called C. bombi (熊蜂短膜虫), which has been significantly reducing bumblebee populations.

To investigate how sunflowers help bumblebees resist C. bombi, the researchers separated the spiny outer shell of the pollen from the chemical metabolites (代谢物) in the pollen’s core. They then mixed the spiny pollen shells of sunflowers, with the chemistry removed, into the pollen fed to one group of bees.

Another group was fed wildflower pollen with sunflower metabolites and no sunflower shells. The researchers discovered that the bees that ate the spiny sunflower pollen shells had the same response as bees feeding on whole sunflower pollen. These bees had a markedly reduced risk of C. bombi infection compared to those fed sunflower metabolites.

Bumblebees, which are vital pollinators of crops and wildflowers, are experiencing a rapid decline in their populations worldwide. Habitat loss due to urbanization and agricultural intensification is the greatest threat to bumblebees. Climate change is also taking a toll on bumblebees. As temperatures rise, bumblebees are forced to move further north to cooler climates, which can affect their ability to find food and nesting sites. Pesticide use is another significant threat to bumblebees. These chemicals are harmful to them and can damage their navigation and immune systems, leading to reduced reproductive success. Bumblebees play a vital role in maintaining healthy and diverse ecosystems. Understanding how sunflowers protect bees from disease could help us identify other flowers that have similar protective properties. Through this, researchers can work towards developing new strategies to help conserve bumblebees.

1. How does the spiny pollen of sunflowers benefit bees?

A．It protects them from predators.	B．It improves their sense of smell.
C．It can be used for their nest building.	D．It helps them resist parasite infections.

2. How did researchers explore the function of spiny pollen shells?

A．By collecting data.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By referring to previous studies.	D．By surveying experienced farmers.

3. What is the biggest threat to the survival of bumblebees?

A．Habitat loss.

B．Climate change.

C．The use of pesticides.

D．Environmental pollution.

4. What is the significance of the study?

A．It offers a way to increase sunflower yield.

B．It draws public attention to the role of ecosystems.

C．It provides a new idea for protecting bumblebees.

D．It allows people to distinguish between different plants species.

2 . “A lot of the time when climate change is discussed in mainstream media, people are asking ‘can humans overcome this?’, or ‘what technology can solve this?’. It’s high time we recognized that animals also have to adapt to various changes. We know some animals change their skin colors to escape from natural enemies or due to environment pollution,” says Ryding. “The climate change that we have created is putting a lot of pressure on them, and some species try to adapt by shapeshifting (变形). ”

Strong shapeshifting has particularly been reported in birds. Several species of Australian parrot have shown, on average, a 4%—10% increase in beak (鸟喙) size since 1871, and this is positively linked with the summer temperature each year. North American dark-eyed juncos, a type of small songbird, had a link between increased beak size and short-term temperature extremes in cold environments. There have also been reported changes in mammalian species. Researchers have reported tail length increases in wood mice and leg size increases in masked shrews (鼩鼱).

“The increases in some body parts size we see so far are quite small—less than 10%—so the changes are unlikely to be immediately noticeable,” says Ryding. “However, some body parts such as ears are predicted to increase.”

Ryding intends to investigate shapeshifting in Australian birds firsthand by 3D scanning museum bird specimens from the past 100 years. It will give her team a better understanding of which birds are changing their body parts and why. “Shapeshifting does not mean that animals are coping with climate change and that all is ‘fine’,” says Ryding. “It just means they are adapting to survive it—but we’re not sure what the other ecological consequences of these changes are, or indeed that all species are capable of changing and surviving. ”

1. What may cause animals’ shapeshifting according to Ryding?

A．Human hunting.	B．Climate change.
C．Natural enemies.	D．Polluted surroundings.

2. What method does the author mainly use to develop paragraph 2?

A．Giving examples.	B．Cause-effect analysis.
C．Making comparison.	D．Process analysis.

3. What can we know from Ryding’s words in the last paragraph?

A．Animals can well adapt to changes and survive.

B．Influence of animals’ shapeshifting is uncertain.

C．Rdying will research into bird museums in Australia.

D．All adaptations of animals to climate change are beneficial.

4. In which section of a newspaper can we find the text?

A．Technology.

B．Health care.

C．Environment.

D．Education.

3 . A video has gone popular now, which is about a Hawaiian beach man, Kamalu Rosa, helping put a big smile on the face of a woman with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) on the surfboard. Long before the _______ video, the Waikiki beach surfing instructor had quietly done other acts of _______ .

Rosa, aged 43, has _______ many people with special needs and _______ challenges enjoy the sea. "I'm just very _______ because I can do what I like for a living. I can help people," he said. He sees them on the beach and offers them a free surfing _______ .

Kamalu Rosa was on the shores of Waikiki when he _______ met a woman named Stephanie. Due to her condition, she's unable to _______ , but still had dreams of surfing. In talking with Stephanie's _______ and family, he realized he could help her ________ that.

"I can help people," Rosa said. "If I have the ________ to help them out in the ocean, like taking them surf, I try to ________ the moment."

Rosa quickly grabbed his ________ and went to the water's edge. He went back for Stephanie, and ________ her onto the board. He paddled out, held on to her and together they caught some ________ at Waikiki beach.

"I burst into tears there," Rosa said. "She was so ________ and happy. It's the kind of thing you don't have to ________ too much. It's body language." It ________ everybody in the ocean. It was a(n) ________ experience in my life," he added. For Rosa, he said it's the ________ surf lesson he has ever given.

1.

A．inspiring

B．boring

C．frightening

D．puzzling

2.

A．instruction

B．happiness

C．bravery

D．kindness

3.

A．told

B．divided

C．helped

D．filmed

4.

A．cultural

B．physical

C．small

D．urgent

5.

A．sad

B．lucky

C．common

D．upset

6.

A．lesson

B．suit

C．book

D．show

7.

A．finally

B．generally

C．gradually

D．recently

8.

A．think

B．shout

C．walk

D．smile

9.

A．neighbours

B．brothers

C．friends

D．parents

10.

A．forget

B．improve

C．develop

D．achieve

11.

A．opportunity

B．money

C．attitude

D．power

12.

A．keep

B．seize

C．refuse

D．change

13.

A．camera

B．student

C．board

D．card

14.

A．pushed

B．lifted

C．dragged

D．carried

15.

A．waves

B．sounds

C．fishes

D．shots

16.

A．excited

B．tired

C．embarrassed

D．moved

17.

A．listen

B．experience

C．speak

D．write

18.

A．annoyed

B．touched

C．persuaded

D．educated

19.

A．expensive

B．unbelievable

C．visual

D．ridiculous

20.

A．only

B．extra

C．hardest

D．best

4 . Harry Potter movies are huge hits and loved by children all over the world. Kids can lose themselves in the wonderful world of magic while learning values that are important to them.

That's why Paula DuPre Pesman, the associate producer of the Harry Potter movies, found it so hard to leave this behind when choosing to start her organization There With Care that helps families with sick children.

Her move towards charity work did not happen by chance. While working on the set of "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone", Pesman received a call asking if she could realize the wish of a child, who was a fan named Gillian with a wish to see a movie about Harry Potter. Though such a wish seemed impossible to achieve, Pesman brought together the crew who together overcame the challenges and put together a rough-cut screening for the young girl.

Pesman's determination to help Gillian came from her own experience of living with her husband, who had fought and won the battle with cancer. Carrying out Gillian's wish enabled her to witness how powerful supporting a family in need can be. So she left the career she loved in 2005 to start her organization.

There With Care provides many services that families in need rarely find, such as transportation to and from the hospital, gas cards, deep cleaning services, clothing and meals, especially when kids are in hospital. Now the organization has helped over 4,000 families.

Looking back, she said, "In a way I think everything came together so that today we would be here helping. It gave us a new purpose and a new way of helping people."

1. Why does the author talk about Harry Potter movies in paragraph1?

A．To introduce a nonprofit organization.	B．To prove the popularity of the movies.
C．To express admiration for Pesman's choice.	D．To explain why Pesman quit as a producer.

2. What inspired Pesman to found There With Care?

A．The success of Hary Potter movies.	B．The experience of realizing a girl's wish.
C．Her enthusiasm for helping the needy out.	D．Her living with her cancer-suffering husband.

3. Which words can be used to describe Pesman?

A．Warm-hearted and generous.	B．Hard-working and creative.
C．Strong-minded and ambitious.	D．Easy-going and understanding.

4. Which will be the best title for the text?

A．A Sick Girl's Wish Finally Came True	B．There With Care Was Born from Movies
C．Harry Potter Movies Helped Sick Children	D．A Producer Left Movies to Do Charitable Work

5 . Shakespeare is more popular globally than with people in Britain, though the poet has made an important contribution to Britain's economy and culture, a new research showed Tuesday.

According to a new survey "All the World's", commissioned(委托)by the British Council and conducted by YouGov, the great playwright(剧作家)has been proved more popular outside Britain(65%)than in his own country (59%).

A total of 18,000 respondents(调查对象)in 15 countries participated in the survey in November 2015. Survey showed only 59% British people like Shakespeare, while 68% Chinese respondents like him.

The top five countries "like Shakespeare" are India(89%), Mexico(88%), Brazil(87%), Turkey(79%)and South Africa(73%). Scores of France and Germany were the lowest, with 51% and 44%, respectively.

The survey also showed that 84% of Brazilians said they found him related to today's world, compared with 57% in Britain. Meanwhile, 83% of Indian respondents said they understood Shakespeare, however, in Britain, only 58% of respondents said so.

Contributable(起作用的)factors for the results included Shakespeare's works being translated into more contemporary editions and adaptation into other formats(版式), said British Council.

This new research also underlined the continued importance and relevance of Shakespeare in the 21st century. Over a third of those questioned said Shakespeare made them feel more positive about Britain in general.

Previous research conducted by the British Council in 2014 showed that Shakespeare was the leading personality that 18 to 34 year olds in Brazil, China, Germany, India and the U.S. most appreciated contemporary British arts and culture.

1. What can you learn about the survey from the passage?

A．Foreigners like Shakespeare more than British people.

B．Chinese respondents like Shakespeare less than British ones.

C．Less than 18,000 people in 15 countries participated in the survey.

D．Germans like Shakespeare better than French people.

2. Which of the following countries likes Shakespeare best?

A．South Africa.

B．Mexico.

C．Turkey.

D．Brazil.

3. How many British respondents understood Shakespeare?

A．84%

B．83%

C．58%

D．44%

4. What can you infer from the passage?

A．William Shakespeare is the greatest English writer of all time.

B．Contemporary British arts and culture was enjoyed by 18 to 34 year olds.

C．Shakespeare's works have been translated into every language in the world.

D．Over 30% of respondents made a good impression on Britain because of Shakespeare.

6 . Gal Gadot made Wonder Woman（神奇女侠） a popular superhero. The Israeli actress didn't only ________ the big screen, but also the lives of women all over the world.

The ________ Wonder Woman took the world by storm last year. Gadot, 33, played a ________ and strong female superhero who enters the world of men to stop a war.

Last month, Gadot was ________ on Time magazine's 2018 ________ of the 100 Most Influential People. She was ________ for showing Wonder Woman's strength, as well as her ________ heart. She helped to ________ how women see themselves.

Gadot also believes that it takes great strength to be a woman in the ________ world. She was ________ to be capable（能干的）and independent as she grew up in a small city in Israel.

"There was no TV-watching. It was always 'take a ball and go play'," she ________ Billboard. In her own words, she was a good girl as well as tomboy（假小子）.

This ________ toward life encouraged Gadot to follow her heart when making future life ________. At 18, she got a chance to be a model. But she didn't think it was the ________ time for her to do this kind of work. ________, she served in the army, starting her work at 5 a. m every day. Then she studied law out of love for the field.

Later, a director ________ her to an audition（试镜）, which led her to Wonder Woman. She realized it was a good ________ to develop her career, as well as to ________ other women. She worked hard for eight ________, training to build enough muscle for the role. "________ is not something you can fake（假装）," she told Billboard.

1.

A．belong to

B．light up

C．pick up

D．focus on

2.

A．story

B．title

C．movie

D．essay

3.

A．brave

B．humorous

C．mean

D．foolish

4.

A．voted

B．advertised

C．included

D．concluded

5.

A．list

B．line

C．piece

D．type

6.

A．motivated

B．criticized

C．praised

D．attracted

7.

A．broken

B．cold

C．hopeless

D．kind

8.

A．support

B．change

C．solve

D．complete

9.

A．virtual

B．false

C．real

D．equal

10.

A．taught

B．convinced

C．offered

D．expected

11.

A．explained

B．promised

C．told

D．persuaded

12.

A．attitude

B．change

C．expectation

D．altitude

13.

A．differences

B．surveys

C．choices

D．suggestions

14.

A．wrong

B．bad

C．favorite

D．right

15.

A．However

B．Yet

C．Therefore

D．Instead

16.

A．invited

B．awarded

C．guided

D．convinced

17.

A．deal

B．bargain

C．opportunity

D．occasion

18.

A．drive

B．influence

C．protect

D．support

19.

A．years

B．months

C．days

D．hour

20.

A．Strength

B．Bravery

C．Beauty

D．Knowledge

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sam's history teacher was asking him some questions. However, not a single one of his answers     1    (be)correct. So the teacher began to ask him some very simple questions,     2    (hope)that he could give at least one correct answer. "Sam, what is Waterloo(滑铁卢)?"

"Waterloo?" said the boy. "Oh, it is kind of washing machine, I think."

The teacher     3    (shake)her head. "Sam, be serious, please. Now tell me the answer     4     a very, very easy question. Who was George Washington?"

"Well," the answer came     5    (quick), "he must be the man     6     uses the washing machine."

The teacher was a little angry,     7     she did not give up. She thought and thought, and then she came up with the     8    (easy)question. "Who is the president of the United States right now?" Sorry, I don't know," Sam answered.

The teacher lost her temper. She shouted, "Donald Trump!"

Sam looked around and sat down.

"Stand up!" cried the teacher. "I didn't tell you     9    (sit)down."

Sam stood up. He looked     10    (puzzle). "Oh, I'm sorry," he said. "I thought you were calling on the next student."

8 . A nation-wide honeybee crisis is under way in the United States. Lately bees have begun to rapidly disappear in24 states across the country. For reasons unknown, bees are flying off in search of nectar and pollen and simply never returning to their colonies.

Bees are extremely social insects; they never desert their young or bee queens. Researchers argue that bees are most probably dying during their search for nectar. A range of theories is also investigated, including a virus and poor bee nutrition. Researchers are looking into a group of pesticides that were banned in European countries to find out whether the chemical preparations(still used in the U. S.) are somehow causing damage to bees' born ability to find their way back home. According to yet another theory, the losses may have resulted from a massive attack by mites, which have repeatedly damaged bee colonies in the past.

The bees disappear as pressure has been building on the U. S. bee industry. The costs to maintain hives are continuously rising. The bee business becomes less profitable as a result. According to estimates by the Agriculture Department, the number of hives has dropped by a quarter over the last twenty years, and the number of beekeepers decreased by half. Beekeepers also have to deal with the problem of suburban spread as they search for areas where bees can hunt for nectar to stay healthy and feel good during the pollination season.

A terrible epidemic breaks out in The Plague, a novel by Albert Camus, shortly after hundreds of dead rats are discovered all over the town. The recent bee mystery, already nicknamed a "colony collapse disorder" by U. S researchers, seems to somewhat resemble the situation described in the novel. We can only hope that the "bee plague" will not take shape of a problem of global proportions.

1. What does the text mainly tell us?

A．terrible epidemic breaks out in America.

B．The reason for honeybees' disappearance.

C．Measures should be taken to solve the problem.

D．The tragedy of mysterious disappearance of America's honeybees.

2. According to the passage, which of the following is right?

A．Bees are not fond of living together.

B．The scientists have found out the reason for bees disappearance.

C．Probably, the losses may result from their colonies being damaged.

D．It is likely that the bees die while looking for nectar.

3. What's the number of beekeepers if 480 people raised bees 20 years ago?

A．240.

B．200.

C．120.

D．60.

4. Why do researchers worry about the loss of honeybees?

A．Because they think the bee plague will kill them.

B．Because they believe man will be defeated in the end.

C．Because they think the US bee industry is going to come to an end.

D．Because they fear the coming of the disaster described in the novel.

9 . How can a parent help to develop healthy self-respect in child? These tips can make a big difference:

Watch what you say.     1     Remember to praise your child not only for a job well done, but also for effort. But be truthful. For example, if your child doesn't make the soccer team, avoid saying something like, "Well, next time you'll work harder and make it." Instead, try "Well, you didn't make the team, but I'm really proud of the effort you put into it."

    2     If you're very hard on yourself, negative, or unrealistic about your abilities and limitations, your child may mirror you in the end. Raise your own self-respect, and your child will have a great role model.

Identify and correct your child's inaccurate beliefs. Helping kids set more accurate standards will help them have a healthy self-concept.     3     For example, a child who does very well in school but struggles with math may say, "I can't do math. I'm a bad student." Not only is this false, it will also set the child up for failure.     4     A helpful response might be: "You are a good student. You do great in school. Math is just a subject that you need to spend more time on."

Create safe, loving home environment. Kids who don't feel safe or are badly treated at home will suffer greatly from low self-respect. Watch for signs of ill-treatment by others, problems in school, trouble with peers, and other factors that may affect kids' self-respect.     5     And always remember to respect your kids.

A．Be a positive role model.

B．Kids are very sensitive to parents' words.

C．Encourage kids to see a situation in its true light.

D．Give hugs and tell kids you're proud of them.

E．Deal with these issues considerately but swiftly.

F．Inaccurate opinions of self can take root and become reality to kids.

G．Help kids take part in practical experiences.

10 . Hattie Wyatt was an American politician who became the first woman elected to the U.S. Senate(参议院).

She grew up in her native Bakerville, Tennessee, and in nearby Hustburg. She graduated（1896）from Dickson Normal School and for time thereafter(从那以后)taught school. In 1902 she married Thaddeus H. Caraway, who subsequently became a congressman and then a U.S. senator for Arkansas.

When Thaddeus died in November 1931, Hattie Caraway was appointed by the governor to fill her husband's seat until a special election could be held; she thus became the second woman(after Rebecca Felton, 1922)to be seated in the U.S. Senate. She won a special election to fill the few remaining months of her late husband's term. She won reelection in her own right to the seat later with the help of Louisiana governor Huey Long, who campaigned for her. Caraway was reelected again in 1938 but failed in her bid for a third term in 1944. In her 13 years in the Senate, she was the first woman to take charge of a session of that body and the first to serve as a committee chairman.

In her voting Caraway generally supported the New Deal and other legislation of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration; she opposed isolationism, supported veterans and organized labor, and in 1943 became the first woman in Congress to cosponsor(联合提出)the Equal Rights Amendment. Her reelection in 1938 after a primary victory over Representative John L. MeClellan firmly established her as a senator in her own right, and her dry humor and homely sayings made her a favorite national figure.

In the 1944 Democratic primary in Arkansas she was defeated by Representative J. Willian Fulbright, and she left the Senate in 1945.

1. When did Hattie Wyatt become a senator?

A．In 1922.

B．In 1930.

C．In 1932.

D．In 1938.

2. Which is not the cause of her becoming a senator?

A．Her beauty.	B．Her own ability.
C．The death of her husband.	D．The help of Louisiana governor.

3. Which of the following are correct statements according to the passage?
a. She was the first woman to be seated in the. S. Senate.
b. She was the first woman in Congress to cosponsor the Equal Rights Amendment.
c. She was the first woman to be a committee chairman.
d. Her humor and homely words made her favorite national figure.
e. She always supported Franklin D. Roosevelt

A．a, b, c

B．b, c, d

C．a, c, d

D．b, d, e

4. What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?

A．Her devotion as a senator.	B．Her being a favorite national figure.
C．The reason for her being a senator again.	D．The relationship between her and Franklin D. Roosevelt