1 . Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
1. Which of these sentences best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph 1?| A．To some extent, intelligence is given at birth. |
| B．Intelligence is developed by the environment. |
| C．Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment. |
| D．Some people are born clever and others born stupid. |
| A．purposely | B．frequently |
| C．independently | D．aimlessly |
| A．On Intelligence |
| B．What Dose Intelligence Mean ? |
| C．We Are Born with Intelligence |
| D．Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence |
2 . The rosebushes were finally in full bloom (盛开). The
Now, to have a backyard full of different roses is pure
As Dale returned, he came across a neighbor who had stopped by for a quick visit. As the woman turned to go, Dale gave the
Later that day, the couple headed to the post office, and Wanda waited outside. Then, without
That special moment
| A．sight | B．story | C．expression | D．exhibition |
| A．energy | B．money | C．courage | D．time |
| A．eat | B．raise | C．value | D．recover |
| A．business | B．memory | C．imagination | D．enjoyment |
| A．gradually | B．carefully | C．finally | D．sincerely |
| A．Ignoring | B．Worrying | C．Deciding | D．Knowing |
| A．greetings | B．wishes | C．roses | D．suggestions |
| A．nervousness | B．pride | C．happiness | D．upset |
| A．Still | B．Soon | C．Sure | D．Therefore |
| A．question | B．warning | C．effort | D．choice |
| A．frightened | B．annoyed | C．surprised | D．relaxed |
| A．puzzled | B．changed | C．rescued | D．encouraged |
| A．unexpected | B．uncommon | C．useful | D．popular |
| A．takes away | B．throws away | C．posts | D．gives |
| A．hoping | B．providing | C．showing | D．wondering |
3 . Born into poverty on 21 May 1799, Mary Anning had to work hard from a young age. Her parents had 10 children, of whom only two survived childhood --- Mary and her elder brother Joseph. Mary’s own survival was said by her parents to be a wonder. At the age of 15 months, a sudden rainstorm hit the shelter, where Mary, her babysitter, and two children stayed. A lightning strike killed them all except Mary.
She didn’t have formal education and was only taught to read at a Sunday school. Raised in the seaside holiday village of Lyme Regis in Dorset, Mary and Joseph made a living by selling fossils to holidaymakers at their father’s waterfront booth.
Her life changed in 1811 when Joseph noticed bones mixed together with rock. Unknown to them, this was the first ever discovery of an ichthyosaurus ( 鱼 龙 ), a marine lizard from the Triassic period. Anning noted down every find she made, and after failing to find any new fossils for over a year, in 1821 she made her next discovery, digging up three more ichthyosaur skeletons. This was followed two years later by an even more impressive find --- a complete plesiosaur(蛇颈龙). This was so extraordinary that many leading scientists declared it a counterfeit, unwilling to believe that an uneducated 24-year-old could find such remarkable remains. Additionally, society at the time was highly religious and many rejected these discoveries as they conflicted with the teachings of the Bible.
Despite the setback, Anning continued to make more shocking revelations. Anning also dug up fossilized shit, which made experts know the diets of prehistoric creatures. But her biggest find of all was the first complete skeleton of a pterosaur in 1828.
All of Mary Anning’s discoveries helped influence the study of paleontology(古生物学) as scientists began to take an increased interest in fossilized animals and plants. Her work also encouraged people to question the history of the Earth in more detail and encouraged girls and those from poor backgrounds by proving that they could succeed in scientific study, a profession mainly controlled by wealthy upper-class men.
1. What can we learn about Mary Anning from the first two paragraphs?| A．It was not easy for her to survive. |
| B．She didn’t experience the lightning strike. |
| C．She didn’t get basic knowledge about science. |
| D．It was impossible for her to find a job outside. |
| A．Something not needed. |
| B．Something not valuable. |
| C．Something not authentic. |
| D．Something not beneficial. |
| A．her get international fame |
| B．make her become more professional |
| C．experts better understand prehistoric creatures |
| D．convince the leading scientists of her discovery |
| A．the process of her findings |
| B．the significance of her discoveries |
| C．the discoveries of fossilized animals |
| D．the background of her scientific study |
4 . Nowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants (移植). Though this procedure (程序) has only been successfully performed on animals so far, doctors are still hoping to perform this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.
Despite many benefits technology brings. I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.
Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are “healthy” or “normal” brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger person’s brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it? This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, sex, or physical problems that a person might have had before death. Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept “alive” after death and how it can be kept “alive” without damage.
Overall. my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.
1. Why does the author think brain transplants should not be performed at all?| A．The cost of the operation is extremely high. |
| B．Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants. |
| C．A good many problems and side effects may arise. |
| D．This procedure has only been successful on animals |
| A．People shouldn’t give their healthy brains to others. |
| B．Having a brain transplant means losing one’s identity. |
| C．Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones. |
| D．Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others. |
| A．indifferent | B．favorable |
| C．disapproving | D．objective |
| A．To encourage brain donation. |
| B．To stress the importance of brain operation. |
| C．To argue against brain transplants on humans. |
| D．To introduce the technology of brain transplants. |
5 . How to Improve Vocabulary Fast
Your vocabulary refers to the words in a language you are familiar with. We should learn some ways to expand it.
Read every day.
Learn the correct definition and pronunciation for each new word. Pronunciation is as important as definition because in order to add a word to your active vocabulary, you must be able to use it in speech.
Elaborate (阐释) on the meaning of the word. Use imagery and personal relevance. If you have just learned the word “stubborn”, think about the neighbor who will not lend you his car.
Use your new word in speech and in writing. E-mail your sister about how your cat is stubborn about sleeping on your pillow.
Tell everyone you are trying to increase your vocabulary. Encourage them to ask you what your latest word is.
| A．Find a new word every day. |
| B．The vocabulary can be increased. |
| C．Your vocabulary contains the words you understand. |
| D．The more often you read, the faster your vocabulary can grow. |
| E．Or let them ask for the definition of a new word you have used. |
| F．The first time you use a new word in speech, it may seem clumsy and forced. |
| G．Imagine him shaking his head, and think of him as “stubborn in his refusal”. |
6 . When I was in primary school, I got into a major argument (争论) with a boy named Tom in my class. I can't
I was
I couldn't believe he said the object was white,
The teacher told me to go stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed
My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: You must
| A．think | B．remember | C．forget | D．determine |
| A．class | B．speech | C．text | D．lesson |
| A．sure | B．told | C．afraid | D．persuaded |
| A．doctor | B．parent | C．partner | D．teacher |
| A．kept up with | B．went on with | C．came up with | D．got along with |
| A．woke | B．brought | C．advised | D．came |
| A．the other | B．other | C．another | D．others |
| A．clearly | B．happily | C．luckily | D．nearly |
| A．height | B．colour | C．size | D．shape |
| A．sweet | B．loud | C．fearful | D．grateful |
| A．for | B．unless | C．if | D．although |
| A．match | B．fight | C．argument | D．conversation |
| A．day | B．time | C．chance | D．month |
| A．desks | B．seats | C．attitudes | D．places |
| A．hoped to | B．needed to | C．had to | D．was able to. |
| A．when | B．before | C．that | D．since |
| A．loosely | B．frequently | C．differently | D．beautifully |
| A．Still | B．Then | C．Also | D．Only |
| A．sit | B．stand | C．lie | D．put |
| A．performance | B．loneliness | C．movement | D．situation |
8 . On the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), red tourism has gained popularity among tourists who flood in to visit historic sites with a modern revolutionary heritage.
Jinggangshan
This is one of the most crucial and splendid chapters of history of establishing Red China as well as a unique and wonderful ecosystem, which is covered with rich forest, rugged peaks and several memorials to the Red Army. The best time to visit is between April and October, with the most temperature timing April and May when the large azaleas (杜鹃花) bloom.
Open: 8:00-17:00 (Feb. 16-Nov. 15). 8:00-16:30 (Nov. 16-Feb. 15)
Xibaipo
It is an old revolutionary base where the leadership of the Communist Party of China was stationed, drawing up the blueprint for a new country. A memorial hall was built to honor the memory of this site. The lake and the hill here add brilliance and beauty to each other and form pleasant scenery.
Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 9:30-17:00 (Xibaipo Memorial Hall)
The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall
A new exhibition is held with updated display approaches, including phantom imaging (全息影像) and oil painting, which are used to improve visitors' experiences. The exhibition shows four stages of the CPC from its establishment to its achievements.
Open: Tuesdays to Sundays 8:30-18:00 (closed on Mondays)
Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth
New Youth started the New Culture Movement and spread the influence of the May Fourth Movement. The site was briefly based in Beijing but moved back to Shanghai in 1920 and also served as the office for the Communist Party of China Central Committee in the 1920s.
Open: Thursdays to Tuesdays 9:00 - 11:30, 13:30 - 16:30 (closed on Wednesdays)
1. Where would visitors learn more about the history of the Red Army?| A．Jinggangshan. |
| B．Xibaipo. |
| C．The Nanhu Revolutionary Memorial Hall. |
| D．Former Site of the Editorial Department of New Youth. |
| A．It focuses on Chinese achievements in art. |
| B．It mainly advertises the coming anniversary. |
| C．It applies modernized methods to the exhibition. |
| D．It briefly introduces the rise and fall of Nanhu. |
| A．At 1:00 p.m. on Mondays. | B．At 9:00 a.m. on Wednesdays. |
| C．At 2:00 p.m. on Fridays. | D．At 5:00 p.m on Sundays. |
9 . When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else seems blurry(=unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become near—sighted.
People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading ,they must get glasses, too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself, look at an object our of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
1. We should take good care of our eyes ________.| A．only when we can see well |
| B．only when we cannot see perfectly |
| C．even if we can see well |
| D．only when we realize how important our eyes are |
| A．near-sighted | B．far-sighted |
| C．astigmatic | D．suffering from cataracts |
| A．seeing at night | B．seeing objects far away |
| C．looking over a wide area | D．judging distances |
| A．one eye bigger than the other |
| B．eyes that are not exactly the right shape |
| C．a difficulty that can be corrected by an operation |
| D．an eye difficulty that cannot be corrected by glasses |
10 . Michael Evans was standing in line at the Wayne County Treasurer's Office in Detroit last August, waiting to pay his taxes when he heard a disturbing sound ahead of him. The elderly woman at the window was crying and so was the cashier helping her. Then Evans learned why: He heard the cashier inform the woman that her house was headed for auction(拍卖). He also heard the woman tell the cashier that her daughter had recently died.
Evans, a businessman who had just buried his father, couldn't stomach the idea of this woman losing her home right after losing her child. He approached the window. "I don't mean to cut in," he said to the cashier, "but if you can get her house back, I'll pay for her taxes." The amount due: $ 5, 000.
The two women were shocked. Their despair turned to disbelief. The cashier left for a moment to confirm the amount and that it was all right for Evans to pay it. Evans went straight to the bank and came right back with the money. But when he returned to the treasurer's office, he asked someone else waiting in line to hand the $ 5, 000 check to the cashier. Evans was trying to slip away quietly. "I didn't want this attention." he explains.
He is the boss of M2E Investments. The firm owns a variety of businesses, from restaurants to a portable restroom company. His Premium Driving School gives driving lessons to teenagers, often for free. In 2015, when he saw a story on the news about a local boy with an incurable bone disease, Evans held a fund-raiser at his Detroit Shrimp & Fish restaurant to help pay for the boy's wheelchair and van. He also donated much money to the boy's family.
1. Why did the elderly woman cry?| A．Her daughter sold her house. | B．The cashier treated her rudely. |
| C．Her father passed away recently. | D．She was going to lose her house. |
| A．Remember. | B．Forget. |
| C．Tolerate. | D．Ignore. |
| A．To free himself of standing in line. |
| B．To avoid being paid attention to. |
| C．To spare time for his own business. |
| D．To give others a chance to be praised. |
| A．Rich and generous. | B．Determined and creative. |
| C．Considerate and brave. | D．Kind and confident. |
