Before we     1     the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to     2     our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and     3    . This was no time to     4    .

There is strong and     1     evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an     2     in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only     3     serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have     4     that if we do not take     5     actions, this warming     6     will probably continue and there will be a higher     7     to pay.

To     1     a positive change in our bad habits, we must first     2     our bad habit cycles and then try to     3     them. We can do this by     4     the information from our habit cycles with our own     5     ideas. For example, we could try to replace a     6     routine with something more positive.

5 . In a world where nearly 6 million fingerprint records of government employees are stolen in one computer hack, and where millions of people are victims of identity theft every year, the next step in cyber-security may well be mapping your brain.

Researchers at Binghamton University are working on a biometric (生物特征的) system that records how your brain reacts to certain images. With a little more polishing, the scientists’ brainchild could become the way you get into a safe deposit box, your office or past scanners at the airport. It could replace the password for your online banking, your e-mail or your social media accounts.

They started their project by measuring the brain waves of 30 subjects. The subjects were fitted with a cap that had 30 electrodes attached to it, and then shown various images and symbols — celebrity faces, words, pictures of food — on a computer screen in 200-millisecond bursts. The brain’s reaction was recorded.

The idea is that every time a person needs to use a “password”, he or she goes through the same procedure, and the results are matched to their first-time reaction. If the “brainprint” is cracked — like what happened to the fingerprint records — then the system is merely reset by running another set of images and collecting a different set of brain waves.“Even if that was stolen, you could just cancel it and record one to something else”, says professor Laszlo.

Laszlo and her team have shown that their system can be 100 per cent accurate. So one of the most difficult parts of making the system practical already has been overcome. Now, they’re spending much time recording accurate brainprints with as few as three electrodes, which could make recording in the future as easy as wearing a pair of special glasses. They’re also working with cheaper materials and different methods to see if they can bring the cost down.

6 . The food we eat every day keeps us alive, but it can also increase health and environmental costs-heart disease, carbon emissions, and more. For years, health researchers focused on their priorities while environmental scientists were on theirs. And it became increasingly obvious that what we eat is closely connected with planet’s health.

So the researchers of a recent study at the University of Michigan built a system that combined both concerns, looking at health and environmental impacts of specific foods.

The researchers looked at the nutritional makeup of nearly 6000 foods. A hot dog would probably cost someone about 35 minutes of living; but eating most fruits might help someone gain a few extra minutes. In the calculations, apple pie is just about neutral — some boost from the apples, some losses from butter, flour, and sugar.

At the same time, the researchers evaluated the environmental effects of those thousands of food items. They studied different ways the environment absorbed food production’s impact as well.

When researchers looked at both issues at once, an exciting pattern emerged. Many foods good for people’s health were also relatively gentle on the environment. Not surprisingly, beans, vegetables-not those grown in greenhouses, though-and some sustainably farmed seafood like catfish fell in what they termed the “green” zone. “Amber” zone foods, like milk, egg-based foods and greenhouse-grown vegetables balanced health and environmental costs. “Red” zone foods, which included beef, pork, lamb and processed meats, had high health and environmental costs.

There’s no replacement for food, but shifting what we eat is possible. Food choices are personal, deeply connected to culture, religion, emotion, economic concerns, and so much more. “We aim to inform people so that they can make choices that fit with their needs and values.” says Olivier Jolliet one of the researchers. “We don’t all have to adopt a vegetarian diet overnight.” he says. “Small changes can make big impacts.”

10 . “Nothing will ever be the same again,” Ally said to herself.

Ally’s father _______ last summer. It wasn’t fair, Ally thought. Dad was young and had never been sick. Why had his heart _______ stopped? Ally sank slowly into her father’s favorite chair and looked at his picture on the bookcase. “I miss you, Dad,” she said _______.

She felt a hand smoothing her hair and _______. “Why don’t you come outside with me , Ally?” her mother asked. “By this time last year you’d already taken dozens of pictures of birds.”

But her mother must know bird watching wouldn’t be the _______ this year. How could it be? Ally wondered. Ever since she could remember, she and Dad had been a team, _______ the woods for the special wood warbler (林莺). “I’ll be out in a while, I promise,” she answered.

After her mother left, Ally _______ the photo album. On the cover was a photo of a tiny yellow bird with blue-gray wings and black eyes. Dad _______ it from a local newspaper. Ally smiled, remembering the _______ look on Dad’s face when he showed her the pretty bird.

“I can’t ________ someone spotted this little guy way up here in New Jersey,” he said. “Wood warblers are usually ________ in the south not this far north. I bet ________ we search real hard, Ally, we’ll see this little guy together someday.”

Ally closed her eyes. She loved ________ about the times she and Dad had spent searching the woods for the little bird. They’d never spotted the warbler ________ her father had an amazing way of making each outing seem ________. If only I could get that good feeling back, she thought, sighing.