1 . According to political Hannah Arendt, “If we do not know our own history, we are doomed (注定) to live it as though it were our private fate (命运).” Historians proudly claim that their subject has played a role in sweeping social and political movements, and I agree. But more than that, I believe that the study of history holds the power to help people understand themselves.

I’m a history professor. At a course on women’s history, one of my students, angry about the reduced funds available for men’s wrestling, announced the topic of his research paper: a criticism of the laws guaranteeing women equal access to sports. Later, I told the class about my recent junior high school reunion. A former classmate said her daughters asked about her own sports’ history, “Were you on the basketball team, Mom?” When told that there were no such teams for girls at that time, they asked, “Well, what did you do?” She replied, shamefully, “We cheered for the boys.”

The angry student told me after the class that the realities and impact of the old days of unequal access to sports had never occurred to him. Through an understanding of the past, he saw women’s sports — in fact women’s rights and women in general-in a new and far more favorable light.

History can offer personal freedom. My female students are ashamed of their doubt about their appearance. They know they shouldn’t starve themselves, and shouldn’t force themselves to look like the models in the magazines. The study of history shows that they have these wrong thoughts not because they are weak individuals, but because, like the generations of women and men before them, they are the targets of powerful social practices.

They send me notes, “I’m not treating myself unkindly anymore.” “This class changed my life.” “I understand my wife better now.” Every day I see the power of history to transform lives.

1. Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with?

A．Learning history makes people powerful.

B．Learning history can change our private fate.

C．Learning history is part of social movements.

D．Learning history helps to keep our society stable.

2. According to Paragraph 2, what is the student’s attitude towards women’s right?

A．Ashamed.

B．Favorable.

C．Defensive.

D．Prejudiced.

3. Why did the mother feel shameful?

A．She didn’t cheer for the boys.	B．She failed to answer the question.
C．She was unable to play basketball.	D．She didn’t receive equal treatment.

4. What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To show the importance of history.

B．To explain how to learn history well.

C．To persuade people to learn knowledge.

D．To discuss about women’s rights in history.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Delicate, bright, and soft to the touch, the silk has passed the way throughout China’s history. No one can be     1     (exact) certain of its origin. But the humble ancient Chinese people credited their own wisdom to Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor (the legendary ancestor of Chinese people), as     2     inventor of sericulture (养蚕).

Like all kinds of art on the vast land of China, the style and texture (质地) of silk are also various. Hangluo from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is known     3     its airy and thin texture, while Yunjin from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, an expensive cloth,     4     (represent) China’s silk technique at its peak.

Yunjin is best made by hand on large machines, in a complex procedure     5     contains more than a hundred steps. Even the most     6     (experience) workers can only make a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and skill all play an important role in its beauty.

In the Western Han Dynasty, with Zhang Qian     7     (open) up the routes to the western regions, silk was highly praised in countries of Central Asia, later extending     8     (it) reach to other parts.

In the hands of Chinese artists, the thinnest string can make pictures of great possibilities and the     9     (soft) material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many     10     (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not only a type of cloth, but also a cultural symbol and a representation of elegance and grace.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is special about The Brearley School?

A．It is just for girls.

B．It has a convenient location.

C．It is a good public school.

2. When did the school have its first female head?

A．In 1915.

B．In 1926.

C．In 1931.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In China, the use and cultivation (种植) of green tea goes back thousands of years. While there is no precise way to know     1    (exact) when green tea was first cultivated, the following is     2    we know from historical records.

Legend assigns the discovery of tea to mythological emperor Shennong, who is said     3    (discover) tea in the 28th century BC. Shennong was sitting under a tea tree boiling a pot of water to drink. Some     4    (leaf) fell from the tree into the boiling water, creating the first ever pot of tea. During the Han Dynasty, written records referred     5    the cultivation of green tea. However, this wasn`t green tea for drinking     6    for medical purposes. The Tang Dynasty     7    (consider) by most to be the golden age of Chinese arts and culture. It was during this time that green tea became a popular drink and an important part of     8    (tradition) Chinese culture.

    9    first written account of tea culture, Cha jing or The Classic of Tea, was published by Lu Yu. This short but comprehensive work,     10    (cover) ten chapters, discusses everything from the mythological of tea, history, cultivation, preparation to tea culture.

5 . The Masai(马赛人) are continually trying to keep their own ways in an increasingly modern world. They live along the border of Kenya and Tanzania in East Africa, moving their homes from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their livelihood. They rely on their cattle in many parts of their life. They like drinking the cows’ milk.

They don’t kill their cattle for food. But if a cow is killed, the parts of its body are used to make containers, shoes, clothin,   ropes, bed coverings and so on. Not all of the men have cows. The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be. A man who owns 50 or fewer cattle is considered poor. Rich men have a thousand or more. The cattle, though owned by the man, are considered to belong to the man’s entire family. The family names the cattle and can recognize each animal’s special voice.

The Masai men have become known as warriors(勇士), protecting their cattle against other wild animals. They wear their red long hair. Most women often take care of their children, cook food, clean clothes and make clothing at home. They also make necklaces dresses and headdresses. A few women can also become authorities once they are powerful enough. They speak a language called Maa.

The houses of Masai made from sticks and grass, which are held together with a mixture of mud, are not very firm or safe. These plain houses with some basic supplies are built in a circle and make up a Masai village. They are not meant to last long since the migration(迁徙) of the cow population means that the Masai move as well. In the meantime, in order to prevent animals from entering, they also form a wall of branches. The whole setup is to protect the cattle, which sleep at night in the middle of the village. They seem to live a natural and self-sufficient life but lack modern civilisation.

1. What do we know about the Masai?

A．They don’t move in their lives.

B．They each have their own cows.

C．They don’t kill their cattle at all.

D．They are heavily dependent on cattle.

2. What do most of the Masai women work as?

A．Designers.	B．Authorities.
C．Housewives.	D．Warriors.

3. Which word best describes Masai houses?

A．Modern.

B．Lasting

C．Simple.

D．Safe.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Africans: Living a Moving life

B．Africans: Brave People in the World

C．The Masai: Rich People in East Africa

D．The Masai: Maintaining a Traditional Lifestyle

6 . Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the most important people in America’s fight for racial equality.

Born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, King, like many others, experienced racial discrimination (种族歧视) from a young age. Under America’s so-called “Jim Crow” laws, segregation was carried out in Southern states, meaning Black people couldn’t attend the same schools as white people, go to the same restaurants, and more. In his autobiography, King wrote that at the age of six his white friend wasn’t allowed to play with him because he was Black. This may be where his anger of racial injustice began.

In 1954, King, whose father and grandfather were pastors (牧师), moved to Montgomery to become pastor at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. A year later, Rosa Parks was arrested in Montgomery for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white person. This led to the 13-month Montgomery Bus Boycott. King was chosen to lead the Montgomery Improvement Association, which directed the boycott. He quickly became famous in America’s civil rights movement — which also made him a target. His home was bombed and his family was threatened. Worse still, he was stabbed (刺) while signing copies of his first book. But, inspired by the nonviolent activism of Mahatma Gandhi in India, King continued his peaceful fight for justice. After Montgomery, King and others founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to work with more protests. One of the most famous was the 1963 March on Washington. It was here, in front of over 200,000 people, that King gave his famous “I have a dream” speech.

In 1964, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act, legally ending segregation in the US. That year, King won the Nobel Peace Prize. But in 1968, at age 39, he was shot and killed while standing on his hotel balcony in Memphis, Tennessee. King was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977, and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2014. Since 1986, he has been honored on the third Monday of January, on what is known as Martin Luther King Jr. Day.

1. W hat does the underlined word “segregation” mean in paragraph 2?

A．Interaction.

B．Deletion.

C．Separation.

D．Correction.

2. What is the root contributing to the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

A．“Jim Crow” laws was put forward.

B．Black people suffered racial discrimination for a long time.

C．Rosa Parks refused to give her seat to a white person on a bus.

D．King became the leader of the Montgomery Improvement Association

3. According to the passage, which words can best describe King?

A．Energetic and brave.	B．Determined and powerful.
C．Wise and warm-hearted.	D．Modest and knowledgeable.

4. What do we know about the speech “I have a dream”?

A．He got inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi in India.

B．He has won awards and honor because of this speech.

C．He delivered this speech in front of 200,000 people in D. C. in 1963.

D．He made this speech because he and his family got attacked violently.

7 . If you’ve ever eaten a free doughnut (甜甜圈) on the first Friday in June, you’ve celebrated the Doughnut Lassies- whether you realized it or not, National Doughnut Day was established to honor the Salvation Army volunteers who fried sugary snacks for World War I soldiers on the front line.

When the US entered World War I in 1917, the Salvation Army, a charity organization, sent about 250 volunteers (who were mostly women) to France, where the American army was stationed. The plan was to bring treats and supplies as close to the front line as possible. But the closer the volunteers got to the action, the fewer resources they could access.

Margaret Sheldon and Helen Purviance were credited with bringing doughnuts to the Wester Front. They had a handful of ingredients, including flour, sugar, animal fats, baking powder and canned milk. Doughnuts were one of the few sweet foods they could make without an oven, and once they had a fire hot enough to heat the oil, they could fry them up fast. The women had the pan to cook them in, but for other parts, they had to get creative. For example, grape juice bottles became rolling pins (擀面杖) when necessary.

Sheldon and Purviance’s pan could fit seven doughnuts at a time, and on day one, they made just 150 doughnuts for the group of 800 men. The soldiers even fought over a doughnut. Then they made some changes to their operation, and eventually made 5,000 doughnuts a day. The snacks were so popular that the volunteers earned the nickname “ Doughnut Lassies”, while the soldiers they served were nicknamed “Doughboys”.

The Doughnut Lassies’ impact didn’t end with World War I. The American soldiers’ experiences overseas made doughnuts a commonly eaten food for them back home.

1. What is the purpose of the Salvation Army in sending the volunteers?

A．To learn about life on the front line.

B．To provide French soldiers with food.

C．To bring food and supplies to the front line.

D．To increase the number of soldiers on the front line.

2. Why did the volunteers decide to make doughnuts rather than other foods?

A．Soldiers preferred doughnuts.

B．They were best at making doughnuts.

C．Doughnuts were their best choice then.

D．Doughnuts allowed them to be creative.

3. How did Sheldon and Purviance probably react on day one?

A．They were hopeless.

B．They were confused.

C．They became a bit angry.

D．They were greatly encouraged.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Doughnuts were more popular out of the US.

B．The American soldiers got tired of doughnuts.

C．The Doughnut Lassies’ impact didn’t last long.

D．Doughnuts became popular in the US after the war.

8 . Human history has a few common themes, one of which is the written word. Humans have been printing as well as writing since 3, 000BC-the Ancient Egyptians as well as the Chinese used stamps like those available today to imprint images onto cloth. When the Chinese scholar Ts’ai Lun allegedly made the first piece of paper in 750 AD, printing boosted as well.

In Europe, books were literally hand written until around the 11th century. Producing books was a time consuming process at that period. Then, in the 11th century, Chinese provided the next innovation in printing. Pi Sheng, one of the most important men in the history of printing, created clay characters which formed the first moveable type. By the 12th century Europe was making its own paper, and by the 13th century bronze typefaces are being created. Books were being printed using these early techniques by 1397 AD.

As printing was expensive, most books were still written by hand. By 1507 people were exploring the world of colour printing. The printing press became cheaper to manufacture and quicker to use, meaning that more books were being printed. People became more educated as material was more widely available. In1837 colour printing began to resemble what we see today, with full colour adverts appearing for the first time. Offset printing(胶印)arrived in 1903 - this method is still widely used today for printing newspapers and magazines.

Today, digital technology has completely changed how we print. 3D printing was invented by Chuck Hull-the process is not printing as we traditionally think of it; it works by building up layers of plastic in order to form an object. It is thought that at some point it will be possible to “print” human organs, potentially saving thousands of lives; while it may seem impossible right now, the way printing has advanced, there’s no saying that it won’t eventually become a reality. Only time will tell where the printing industry will go.

1. How does the author lead in the topic?

A．By telling a story.

B．By listing figures.

C．By presenting facts.

D．By giving examples.

2. What can we learn about books in Europe before 11th century?

A．They were hand written.

B．They were widely available.

C．They were printed by Pi Sheng.

D．They were printed with colors.

3. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Master.

B．Make.

C．Operate.

D．Spread.

4. Where would this passage most probably appear?

A．A guidebook.

B．A campus survey.

C．A news report.

D．A science magazine.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Great Wall of the ancient Qi State,the oldest    1    (exist) Great Wall in China, stretches across Shandong for more than 600 kilometers. It    2    (build) during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

“Historical records say the Qi State built the wall here to defend itself    3    its enemies, as well as to stop flooding    4    (effective),” says An Xingzhu, who worked at the town’s culture station for more than three decades. A key task of the station is    5    (protect) cultural relics.

In the 1970s，parts of the rammed earth wall(夯土墙)were dug out and used by farmers for their land, but since the early 1990s, the local government    6    (start) to take measures to protect the wall.

Rapid development and    7    (construct) have brought many new problems and challenges in protecting the wall.    8    is necessary to provide a solid legal guarantee for its conservation. To tackle the challenges, Shandong Province has passed a regulation protecting the structure    9    will take effect on Jan. 1.

It states that local governments will establish a dynamic conservation system using remote sensing satellites, drones, information platforms and other technological    10    (mean) to monitor the Great Wall.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It’s said that the Chinese characters were invented by Cangjie. They were deciphered (破译) in the Song Dynasty     1     whether these are the correct answers is still debatable.

In his life Cangjie observed mountains and rivers, footprints of birds and beasts, as well as shapes of plants and objects. Inspired by these, Cangjie invented various symbols     2     (base) on the shapes and     3     (appear) of different things and named them zi (character). These most ancient Chinese pictographs (象形文字) have ended the time     4     people tied knots to record their lives.

According to the Han Dynasty’s Chinese dictionary Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Cangjie wrote two scrolls, which     5     (lose) during wars in the Sui Dynasty.

Scholars in contemporary times tend     6     (believe) it is probably a beautiful tale that Cangjie invented the Chinese characters alone. Many Chinese characters actually came into being before Cangjie. He is more like the one who     7     (collect) Chinese characters. Chinese ancestors accumulated and developed the Chinese characters, updating them through hundreds of years, during which time the Chinese characters evolved from oracle bone script     8     bronze script, seal script, clerical script, and     9     (final) to standard script. Nowadays Chinese people commonly use the standard script, whose     10     (tradition) version was gradually simplified and modernized.