1 . The way that others judge you is similar to placing marbles (玻璃弹珠) on a scale (天平盘) as soon as they get any information. We form impressions of people the same way we form an impression of anything: As soon as our scale of marbles starts tipping one way, we start collecting evidence to back that up by picking up the marble that’s easiest to pick up.

Why? Our brains are lazy and our time is limited. As we get more choices, we become more careless about everything. “Basically, we get around choice overload by ignoring most of the choices we have,” says the decision-making researcher Peter Todd.

Think about an employment manager working through a stack of résumés (一摞简历), one of which advertises an applicant’s (申请人的) fluency in French. Does it matter, even if the position is for a web designer? It just might.

“Suppose the manager has a great interest in learning French to talk to her elderly aunt in Montreal. No doubt the applicant would feel excited about being offered the job,” writes Warren Thorngate in Judging Merit. “But how would you feel about such a one-step judgment, especially if you’d spent three days preparing your résumé for the job opening but did not trouble to note in your résumé that you, too, spoke French?”

I called Thorngate to ask how such things manage to continue. “Some very good applicants may be missed, but they don’t care,” the judgment and decision-making researcher replied.

“It’s one of those problems where everybody thinks that they’re a good judge of character,” says the researcher Kristine Kuhn. “But obviously people just are not nearly as good as they think they are. Even if they met someone and judged them as great employees and employed them, and then they turned out to be bad, that doesn’t shake people’s confidence. They can always explain away that it really didn’t have anything to do with them not being a good judge of character.”

1. What does the author say about first impressions in Paragraph 1?

A．They’re lasting.

B．They’re important.

C．They’re hard to make.

D．They’re often unreliable.

2. Why does the author give the example of an employment manager’s judgment?

A．To prove it is not easy to prepare a résumé.

B．To suggest the employment manager is irresponsible.

C．To explain how your résumé makes a first impression.

D．To show first impressions are formed quickly and easily.

3. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．Employment managers.

B．Decision-makers.

C．Researchers.

D．Applicants.

4. What would happen if people made a wrong judgment according to Kristine Kuhn?

A．They would hide it.

B．They would be punished.

C．They would excuse themselves.

D．They would lose their confidence.

2 . “Nobody else knows what they are doing either.” I read this quote about six years ago when I was in college．

I lived through college life without any _________. When professors said it was time to hand in my homework, I handed it in. When I was told that I hadn’t enough _________ to get my degree, I studied hard to _________ examinations to complete several courses．

One day, I was having dinner with some classmates. One said suddenly, “I plan to buy a _________ within three years after graduation.”

I almost _________, “Really? Do you know how _________ it is to buy one house?”

He said leisurely, “Mortgage (抵押贷款).”

Another added, “Great! I _________ to pass the examination of Chartered Financial Analyst and get the certificate within five years after graduation.”

I just seemed to hear something _________.

I _________ like this way. I worked at a bar. Unhappily! Every day, I got up hurriedly and got on the bus to work. After work, I slept, again and again. I didn’t know why I led such a __________ life that I had __________ wanted, and where my life would __________.

Like 90% of my peers, I still had no __________ what I wanted to do with my life or who I wanted to become. At the exact same time Instagram (一款社交软件) was becoming really big. I started __________ bloggers and world travelers who seemed to have it all together. How had they __________ it out? What had they been given that I hadn’t?

We were totally __________; the only thing __________ us was that they had plans or __________, and they had taken action. All of a sudden, I came down to earth, __________ that if I took things into my own hands, I would figure it out. I began to think my __________ and just do something. Then three years later, I became a freelance writer.

1.

A．experiences

B．concerns

C．failures

D．tests

2.

A．grades

B．credits

C．achievements

D．missions

3.

A．prepare

B．sit

C．pass

D．read

4.

A．car

B．school

C．pet

D．house

5.

A．approved

B．denied

C．quieted

D．choked

6.

A．hard

B．fantastic

C．realistic

D．important

7.

A．manage

B．expect

C．learn

D．rush

8.

A．funny

B．normal

C．real

D．inspiring

9.

A．moved

B．succeeded

C．graduated

D．dreamed

10.

A．meaningful

B．fruitful

C．economical

D．miserable

11.

A．never

B．formally

C．clearly

D．always

12.

A．end

B．begin

C．change

D．lead

13.

A．direction

B．trip

C．idea

D．effort

14.

A．questioning

B．following

C．understanding

D．contacting

15.

A．figured

B．shown

C．thought

D．printed

16.

A．different

B．calm

C．unique

D．equal

17.

A．separating

B．freeing

C．connecting

D．warning

18.

A．sponsors

B．aims

C．courses

D．faults

19.

A．searching

B．remembering

C．realizing

D．doubting

20.

A．misfortunes

B．friends

C．advantages

D．stories

3 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Why is the speaker giving the speech?

A．To describe her new project.

B．To encourage students.

C．To thank her supporters.

2. How did the speaker mainly support herself after high school?

A．She got some money from her parents.

B．She performed on TV.

C．She worked in a restaurant.

3. Who inspired the speaker the most?

A．Professor Jeffries.

B．Professor McBride.

C．Professor Miranda.

4 . If you make list of the world’s top ten most challenging jobs, chances are that being a teacher will not make the cut. But think about the discouraging task millions of educators face each day as they try to shape group of often bad-tempered, wild kids into intelligent, well-rounded individuals. That surely has to be the toughest job in the world, especially given that there is no promotion or bonus awaiting them even if they are wildly successful!

What if these all-important individuals that we often take for granted disappear from our lives? That was what Project Ed and Participant Media’s Teach campaign asked filmmakers of all ages to imagine in their recently-held competition Entitled “A World Without Teachers”, its purpose was to inspire more young people to become teachers. However, the 62 amazing video submissions also serve as a reminder of how horrible things would be if we didn’t have these selfless individuals guiding us through life. What was interesting is that even the youngest   participants did not appear to be happy at the idea of not having anybody telling them what to do.

High-school student Savannah Wakefield reflected if art as we know it today would have been different without teachers. Would Monet have discovered his talent for impressionism? Los Angeles-based Miles Horst, who won the 1000 USD prize for the best adult submission imagines a world where teachers are replaced by a “brain box” in his fun lively entry.

Youth category winner Marina Barham’s video represents a fact we all know but often forget. Teachers don’t just teach, they inspire-something that no electronic device, no matter how smart, can do! So the next time you think your teacher is being “mean” for trying to channel you in the right direction, imagine life without him/her. We have feeling it will not appear as rosy!

1. From the passage we can learn that ________.

A．teaching naughty kids is a very discouraging task

B．teachers have little influence on kids’ individual development

C．a successful teacher has the greatest chance to be promoted

D．being a teacher is one of the most challenging jobs in the world

2. What is the purpose of the project “A World Without Teachers”?

A．To attract kids to submit more videos of their teachers.

B．To remind students to appreciate teachers’ hard work.

C．To expect teachers to devote themselves to their jobs.

D．To encourage more people to go into teaching career.

3. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggest?

A．A world without teachers will be unimaginable.

B．The future of teachers’ work appears inspiring.

C．Teaching is quite different from other jobs.

D．Many people attach more importance to teaching

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．A survey of people’s views about teachers.

B．The campaign to promote teachers’ status.

C．The significance of teachers.

D．A competition to win the prize for the best teacher.

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I     1     (appoint) as a volcanologist twenty years ago. The job is exciting but    2     (occasional) dangerous. I don’t mind the danger because I help protect ordinary people from the volcanoes.    3     I do is to collect information for a database about Mount Kilauea, an active volcano in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. When    4     (boil) rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes    5     (little) damage than you might imagine. The reason is    6     no one lives near the top of the mount, where the rocks fall. However, the lava can bury everything in     7     (it) path under the molten rock.

Once I was lucky enough     8     (have) a much closer look at the volcano the day after its    9     (erupt) with two other scientists. We had to wear protective suits that covered our whole body. We made our way     10     the edge of the crater and collected some lava for later study. That was my first experience.

6 . It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War III. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.

“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?” she bemoans all the time. Her co-worker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I’m the type of person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of fame (名声) or salary.

I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6 pm. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.

1. Which of the following topics does the writer’ mother mainly want to talk about?

A．The writer’s studies.	B．The writer’s future job.
C．Dinner plans.	D．Wars around the world.

2. We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother ____________.

A．doesn’t want the writer to major in English.

B．doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor.

C．gets along very well with the writer.

D．doesn’t think working in the science field is a good idea.

3. The underlined word “salary” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____________.

A．scholarship.	B．reputation.
C．money.	D．power.

4. Which of following statements is probable TRUE about the writer?

A．He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.

B．He wants to find a job in his community in the future.

C．He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.

D．He wants to do something he really likes in the future.

7 . British people work some of the longest hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.

Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day week at his PR company. In fact, his entire company has Friday off, because his firm has adopted a four-day week. It is one of several UK businesses that now operate like this: staff still get paid their previous five-day salary, but they work a day less. The company found that they achieved just as much-and there were even signs of growth. “The key to the scheme’s success,” Leigh says, “is how happy our employees now are.”

The average British worker takes only a 34 minute lunch break and works 10 hours overtime each week (more often than not this is unpaid). Yet UK productivity falls seriously behind their European neighbors, who tend to work fewer hours.

British working practices have caused loss and damage to the nation’s health and happiness. More than half a million workers in the UK were signed off with work-related stress or anxiety last year. Moreover, the work landscape itself is changing. Automation and AI will have a significant impact on the labor market, where unsteady work becomes more common.

Britain is the only EU member that allows workers to ignore the EU working time limit and work longer hours. For campaigners, now is the time for a change. O’Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses have increased their profits (利润)as a result of automation, success should be shared with workers in the form of reduced hours. “It’s time to share the benefits from new technology, not allowing those at the top to grab them for themselves.” she says.

1. We can learn from the passage that ________.

A．British people are the least productive in the world

B．Most companies in Britain have conducted a four-day week

C．PR company has witnessed a rise in employees’ happiness

D．British people work longer and get more payment than other countries

2. Which is the proper description of British working practices?

A．The working time of British workers is within the EU limit.

B．In productivity, Britain is beaten by the United States.

C．Profits gained from new technology are on the decrease.

D．Automation and AI are likely to cause an unsteady work market.

3. Which can be inferred from O’Grady’ s words in the last paragraph?

A．It’s time for employers to share the increased profits created by automation.

B．Workers should benefit from automation in the form of less working hours.

C．New technology should belong to both businesses and workers.

D．Businesses can’t make more profits without new technology.

4. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

A．To introduce some British firms’ switch to a four-day working week.

B．To explain the reasons why British workers suffer stress and anxiety.

C．To appeal for more reasonable working conditions.

D．To show the present productivity problem in Britain.

8 . If you've started thinking about your career(职业), you'll probably have noticed that there are certain jobs you're just not supposed to do if you're a girl. However, a lot is happening today to get women into male—dominated(男性主导的)areas of work. This International Women's Day, we look at three areas of work where things are tough for women right now-but where change is happening.

Science and research

The situation today

Have you heard of STEM? STEM means science, technology, engineering and maths. It covers a whole range of jobs, from scientists who research cures for diseases, to engineers who design things like buildings, roads and bridges. These jobs are highly skilled. But of every eight people in a STEM job, only one is a woman.

Why we need more women in science

The lack of women in STEM jobs is becoming a national problem. The government is worried there simply won't be enough scientists and engineers in the future. This could affect the whole economy because, as a country, we can sell our technology and skills to other countries. STEM jobs also create more work further down the line, such as for construction workers who build roads and bridge.

The police

The situation today

In March 2015, the percentage of female police officers stood at 28%. This compares with 22% nine years earlier in 2006. And the percentage has not always risen over this period. In fact, it peaked(顶峰)in 2010 before falling, before flatlining over the next three years.

Why we need more women in the police force

The police are there for the whole community and that includes women! Because crime is often to do with sex, or violence by men against women, a woman police officer might be more understanding or more approachable. Studies also suggest that women tend to trust other women more than men. Women can also be more understanding. Often, when a person comes forward to report an incident, such as a problem at home or with neighbours, women are often better at listening and at understanding other people's problems, while men are more likely to be dismissive.

1. What do we learn about women in Paragraph 1?

A．They are hard to find jobs.	B．They have a wider choice of jobs.
C．They change jobs at times.	D．They act better in doing man's jobs.

2. What could be the consequence of the lack of women in science?

A．It creates more jobs.

B．It leads to national chaos.

C．It influences the economic development.

D．It brings about the technological revolution.

3. What can be inferred from the studies on female police?

A．Male police are not so trustworthy as female police.

B．Female police hardly care about common incidents.

C．Female police officers are easier to communicate with.

D．The percentage of female police is always on the increase.

4. What is most likely to be discussed following the last paragraph?

A．Occupation guidance.	B．Women's advantages.
C．Man-dominated careers.	D．Another area of work.

9 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is William’s job?

A．A teacher.

B．A guide.

C．A designer.

2. Where is Bob from?

A．Italy.

B．England.

C．France .

3. Whom did the woman go to Italy with ?

A．William.

B．Her son.

C．Her husband.

4. What will the speakers do next?

A．The woman will show William around.

B．William will teach the woman Italian .

C．They will have lunch together.

10 . One piece of advice I give young people is that they don't have to decide what they want to do for the rest of their life at age 22. Just think of all the jobs that didn’t exist 10 years ago and what might exist 10 years from now.

My daughter is a nurse practitioner(从业者). But she didn’t start there when she went to college. She got her undergraduate degree in hotel and restaurant management with a minor(辅修课程) in business. She wanted to find a job in travel and tourism and see the world. On graduation day she looked at me and said, “Mom, I don’t know what I’m going to do with my life that’s meaningful, but I don’t think it' s travel and tourism”. I looked at her and said, “Just get a job and then figure it out.”

She struggled for a year or two after college with a couple of different jobs including work in the travel industry for a short time. But she started thinking early on after graduation about becoming a nurse. Whenever she talked to me about it, I told her she’d be a great nurse-super organized, able to multitask better than anyone I knew, with amazing people skills. But I also told her that she’d have to work hard and study the sciences if she wanted to be a nurse.

She considered her choices and decided to enter a combined nursing/nurse practitioner program getting her second bachelor’s degree then her master’s. She had found her passion(热衷的爱好)!Her nursing career since 2005 has progressed. She now has a mix of leadership, administrative, and clinical work.

Do you know what your passion is? Have you found it in your work or are you still searching for it?

1. How did the author react to her daughter’s words on graduation day?

A．She recommended a job to her daughter.

B．She was worried about her daughter’s future.

C．She was angry about her daughter’s uncertainty.

D．She advised her daughter to find answers in practice.

2. What was the author’s attitude toward her daughter’s decision to become a nurse?

A．Cautious.	B．Favorable.
C．Unconcerned.	D．Disappointed.

3. What do we know about the author’s daughter?

A．She has traveled around the world.

B．She has figured out what she loves to do.

C．She was unsuccessful in her nursing career.

D．She was unwilling to follow her mother’s suggestion.

4. How does the author support her main idea?

A．By listing facts.	B．By analyzing causes.
C．By making a comparison.	D．By providing a typical example.