1 . When you are communication, you spend nearly 60% of your time listening to other people, but most people only remember 25% of what they hear.
Be more present. When you are listening to someone, put everything else aside and give your full attention to the person. Make sure you keep eye contact with the person at all times.
Ask more questions. Being a good listener doesn't just mean that you sit quietly and let the other person speak.
Train your emotional intelligence. Your emotional intelligence influences your ability to listen to other people.
Make a note of the conversation.
| A．Try to think carefully. |
| B．Be in sympathy with the person. |
| C．The good news is that you can train it. |
| D．So why can't most people be great listeners? |
| E．You also need to inquire about something meaningful. |
| F．So what can you do to listen more and become a great listener? |
| G．When you finish the discussion, don't move on to the next thing immediately. |
2 . Talking to someone on a train, bus, or subway can be risky yet exciting, as you never know when they’re going to get off. Starting a connection can be fun as the costs are fairly low and you can easily start and stop a conversation, or get off if things become awkward.
Make eye contact. Making brief eye contact can show the persons that you’re interested and help you judge whether they are interested in you. Glance at the persons and try to hold your gaze (注视) for just a second or two.
Smile at the persons. If you’ve successfully met their gaze, smile at them.
If you want to start a conversation with the persons, smiling is a great way to get somebody’s attention.
Approach the persons to start talking to them.
| A．Use open body language. |
| B．Mind your manners while talking. |
| C．Notice how they respond to your gaze. |
| D．Don’t worry because you can follow some tips that make you smile. |
| E．Once you’ve read that the persons are interested in chatting, make a move. |
| F．A small but sincere smile makes you appear interested, friendly and approachable. |
| G．Therefore, try to get someone’s attention and start a conversation by following the tips. |
3 . When romantic partners argue over things like finances, jealousy, or other interpersonal issues, they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument. But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts, according to a University of Waterloo study just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh, a doctoral candidate in psychology is the lead author of the study, which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo, and Daniel Yang from Yale University.
Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation (调解) of interpersonal struggles. Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future. Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend. One group of participants were then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future, while another group was asked to describe how they feel in the present.
The team examined participants’ written responses through a text-analysis program for their use of pronouns — such as I, me, she, he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict. Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively, both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies.
The researchers found that envisioning future relationship affected both participants’ focus on their feelings, and their reasoning strategies. As a result, participants reported more positivity about their relationship altogether, especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationship a year into the future.
“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict — reflecting on how one might feel a year from now — may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being,” said Huynh.
1. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements?| A．They lose faith in their future. | B．They focus on their present feelings. |
| C．They look forward to a fierce conflict. | D．They care more about financial problems. |
| A．Caused. | B．Explained. |
| C．Reduced. | D．Improved. |
| A．All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future. |
| B．Study participants described their recent relationship with their romantic partners or friends. |
| C．A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants’ use of negative words. |
| D．The reasoning strategies in participants’ written responses were well worthy of note. |
| A．You have a year to solve your interpersonal problems! |
| B．Thinking about future is essential for relationship maintenance! |
| C．Your current feelings are the real cause of your heated arguments! |
| D．Beneficial reasoning is a positive strategy for reconciliation! |
| A．Mother and son. | B．Fellow workers. | C．Teacher and student. |
5 . Humans, by nature, have always lived in groups and social interaction is fundamental for every part of our health. Lack of it can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness. A strong support network and solid community bonds promote our emotional and physical health, and are critical components of a balanced adult life. However, just as with many other aspects of our lives, there seems to be a limit to how large our personal networks can grow.
Back in 1992, a British scholar named Robin Dunbar came up with a hypothetical (假设的) number defining the maximum sum of meaningful human relationships a person can have. The number, which was later named after him, was discovered accidentally while he was studying the cleaning and brushing tendencies — a social behavior —of non-human primates (灵长类动物). Around that time, researchers had discovered that the large brain of these primates was a result of their socially complex societies. The relevance was that the larger the brain, the larger the animal's social group was likely to be. Scientists could then theoretically use an animal's brain size to calculate how many members could make up this group. Dunbar applied this theory to humans, and the resulting number was roughly 150.
Dunbar's Number, however, only refers to the limit of meaningful contacts within our social network. It does not account for other relationships. Human social relationships tend to have numerous layers, and extend outward from the individual in circles with the same centre. The innermost circle contains five people: our loved ones. The next circle holds of our good friends. The third circle is reserved for people we consider friends, and the fourth is where the limit of 150 can be found. Nowadays, with various forms of electronic communication, such as websites for social networking and microblogging people find it very convenient to create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other contents. Consequently, it is possible for a human to get into the fifth (500acquainitances) circle, an impressive breakthrough that was difficult to achieve in the past.
1. What can be learned about Dunbar's Number in Paragraph 2?| A．It is confirmed by the social reality. |
| B．It serves as an accurate measurement. |
| C．It is backed by a certain theoretical basis. |
| D．It establishes links between health and network. |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．Human brains are becoming bigger and bigger. |
| B．Social media have contributed to the phenomenon. |
| C．Meaningful contacts grow significantly with age. |
| D．People are eager to improve every aspect of their lives. |
| A．Group Living: A Solution to Health Problems |
| B．Dunbar's Theory: A Ladder to Career Success |
| C．Social Network: A Soured of Endless Pleasure |
| D．Dunbar's Number: A Measure of Social Relations |
6 . Social events can be frightening for a woman because they usually involve huge crowds. Some manage to become the life of the party like a natural.
Being the life of the party means you have to turn heads as soon as you enter the room.
Keep yourself active at the party. Don’t sit in a corner and wait for people to talk to you.
There will be friendly strangers looking to start a conversation with you during the party. If someone approaches you with kind intentions, you may act in return for their effort. Getting to know other people in social events will help improve your confidence.
Some people turn out to be the centre of attention, even if they don’t follow the steps above. The important thing is that you’re having fun, which is better than becoming the life of the party.
| A．Pick the perfect dress for a party |
| B．When you recognise someone inside the party |
| C．When you are within steps away from the front door |
| D．Before you go to a party, take your time in preparation |
| E．When you decide to do something fun and eye-catching |
| F．However, be cautious of strangers who are too aggressive |
| G．A lot of people end up making a fool of themselves, though |
7 . Being a leader in any environment earns you trust among peers and helps you get things done, whatever the task is. Let us show you how to develop leadership skills.
Assess yourself.
Address areas of improvement. Be open to testing new ideas and trying new ways of doing things, especially if it seems your old ways of doing things don’t work.
Be a good problem-solver.
Encourage others. Building leadership skills requires knowing how to work well with people. Staying in the know about what goes on in your community is important, but responding to that information with enthusiasm is equally critical.
| A．Accept responsibility. |
| B．Be open to the opinions of others. |
| C．Building leadership skills requires plenty of self-awareness. |
| D．Unexpected challenges will arise often and at lightning speed. |
| E．Let go of the need to stick to your plan and be flexible instead. |
| F．Recognizing the past can't be changed helps you make wiser choices in the future. |
| G．So be a source of positivity and support others in working toward their own goals. |
1. What is probably happening according to the woman?
| A．A factory fire. | B．A barbecue. | C．A house fire. |
| A．She has more accurate news than radio. |
| B．She can’t tolerate the speakers’ children. |
| C．She knows a lot of neighborhood information. |
| A．For 20 minutes. | B．For 40 minutes. | C．For an hour. |
9 . Most of us are already aware of the direct effect we have on our friends and family. But we rarely consider that everything we think, feel, do, or say can spread far beyond the people we know. Conversely(相反地), our friends and family serve as conduits(渠道) for us to be influenced by hundreds or even thousands of other people. In a kind of social chain reaction, we can be deeply affected by events we do not witness that happen to people we do not know. As part of a social network, we go beyond ourselves, for good or ill, and become a part of something much larger.
Our connectedness carries with it fundamental implications(影响) for the way we understand the human condition. Social networks have value precisely because they can help us to achieve what we could not achieve on our own. Yet, socialnetwork effects are not always positive. Depression, obesity, financial panic, and violence also spread. Social networks, it turns out, tend to magnify(放大) whatever they are seeded with.
Partly for this reason, social networks are creative. And what these networks create does not belong to any one individual—it is shared by all those in the network. In this way, a social network is like a commonly owned forest: We all stand to benefit from it, but we also must work together to ensure it remains healthy and productive. While social networks are fundamentally and distinctively human, and can be seen everywhere, they should not be taken for granted.
If you are happier or richer or healthier than others, it may have a lot to do with where you happen to be in the network, even if you cannot recognize your own location. And it may have a lot to do with the overall structure of the network, even if you cannot control that structure at all. And in some cases, the process feeds back to the network itself. A person with many friends may become rich and then attract even more friends. This richgetricher dynamic means social networks can dramatically reinforce two different kinds of inequality in our society: situational inequality and positional inequality.
Lawmakers have not yet considered the consequences of positional inequality. Still, understanding the way we are connected is an essential step in creating a more just society and in carrying out public policies affecting everything from public health to the economy. We might be better off vaccinating(接种疫苗) centrally located individuals rather than weak individuals. We might be better off helping interconnected groups of people to avoid criminal behaviour rather than preventing or punishing crimes one at a time.
If we want to understand how society works, we need to fill in the missing links between individuals. We need to understand how interconnections and interactions between people give rise to wholly new aspects of human experience that are not present in the individuals themselves. If we do not understand social networks, we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit.
1. Why is a social network like a commonly owned forest?| A．It remains healthy and productive. |
| B．What it creates can be enjoyed by everyone in the network. |
| C．It is creative and shared by people in the whole society. |
| D．It tends to magnify negative things. |
| A．whether we are richer depends on the number of friends we make |
| B．the wealth we possess has nothing to do with individual continuous efforts |
| C．sometimes our success may be largely due to our position in social networks |
| D．we won't succeed unless we fully control the overall structure of the network |
| A．To introduce the characteristics of social networks. |
| B．To urge people to understand how our society works. |
| C．To show the significance of understanding social networks. |
| D．To explain the possible consequences of ignoring social networks. |
| A．We can't be easily affected by strangers. |
| B．We have negative effects on other social members. |
| C．We are connected and form a social network. |
| D．We will not make a difference in a specific group. |
10 . We all know how important personal interaction is in family and friends. It is also crucial at work. It is the foundation on which happiness and successful results are built.
A study found a correlation (相关性) of 0.92 between employee happiness and their relationships with colleagues. The correlation between their happiness and relationships to directors was only 0.74.Since you may spend more time with coworkers than with your directors, personal interaction in a group, especially a new one, deserves much attention. Whenever people involve in a new company or organization, they need to get to know each other to be comfortable in working together. This does not mean just memorizing names, and team icebreakers are the way to begin.
To everyone, except the most eager and outgoing few, icebreakers are a necessary evil. They are supposed to make awkwardness disappear, but forced icebreakers often make events even more tense. However, the benefits of icebreakers far outweigh(超过) any negatives. They can take care of introductions in a much more fun way than just simply going around the room and stating what's on your business card. When done right, icebreakers can quickly build a sense of community, set the tone for the upcoming session and share participants’ expectations of the days ahead. It helps participants to get involved, understand each other more and enable better cooperation and networking. Last but not least, it is a practical way to cheer the group up and have everyone focused and ready to go.
The best icebreakers should be tailored for a particular situation: icebreakers for a private company often have a different design from a non-profit organization and finding the right one for your purpose can help them be successful.
1. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?| A．Happiness is affected more by those closer to us. |
| B．Directors should care more about workers’ happiness. |
| C．Memorizing colleagues’ names is of great importance. |
| D．Finding the coworkers you are comfortable with is hard. |
| A．Something that is needed though people may not like it |
| B．Something that must be involved in the new companies. |
| C．Something that creates a strange atmosphere among people. |
| D．Something that does great harm to companies in the long run. |
| A．Objective. | B．Opposed. |
| C．Favorable. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．The characteristics of icebreakers. |
| B．The general introduction of icebreakers. |
| C．The common application of icebreakers. |
| D．The methods to choose proper icebreakers. |
