1 . Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs.

Talking to your therapist over Zoom is as helpful for anxiety and depression as going to in-person therapy. The virtual session, moreover, can be delivered at lower costs, according to a new study conducted in the U.K.

Online therapy has become more and more prevalent since the COVID pandemic,     1     lockdowns forced lots of therapists online. The new study suggests that one of the biggest benefits of virtual therapy     2     be that it can allow people to get treatment faster, which increases their quality of life and reduces the amount of additional medical care they require.

“The actual cost of mental health care doesn’t come from treating these conditions     3     from not treating them,” says co-author Ana Catarino.

Questions emerge about     4     to deliver mental health interventions online best. Catarino and her team compared ieso’s Internet-delivered CBT, which featured a therapist working one-on-one with patients through a text chat,     5     the other services for anxiety and depression offered by the NHS, which covered a variety of therapies.

The findings showed that online therapy was     6     (effective) than the other forms of care. What was most interesting was why. The researchers found that patients who were offered the therapist-guided CBT program got treatment faster. As a result, their quality of life improved more quickly, and they used fewer other medical services.

The paper is likely to “make a big splash” because the authors showed that the success of the virtual CBT program was linked to the fact that it provided patients with a therapist’s guidance every step of the way.

It’s not surprising that virtual therapy works well, says Haim Weinberg, a licensed psychologist. Studies outside the U.K. have found the same, he says. But there is still some bias     7     virtual therapy as somehow second-best, and there are not yet many     8     (establish) training programs to get mental health professionals comfortable with providing care online.

Virtual care won’t be right for every person, but the new study’s results suggest the need to expand access     9     patients aren’t left waiting for help. These findings stress the importance of developing clinical interventions that     10     (prove) to be effective and that can be used at scale to match the demand we know.

2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Imagine for a moment that your unborn child has a rare genetic disorder. Not     1     at least vaguely familiar, such as sickle-cell anaemia or cystic fibrosis, but rather a condition     2     (bury) deep within the medical dictionary. Adrenoleukodys trophy, maybe. Or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Would you, when your child is born, want to know about it? If effective treatments were available, you probably would. But if not? If the outcome were fatal, would your interest in knowing about it depend on whether your newborn had five years of life    3     (look) forward to, or ten? Or 30?

Today these questions are mostly hypothetical. Precisely because they are rare, such disorders are seldom noticed at birth. They manifest (显现) themselves only gradually, and often with unpredictable severity. But that may soon change. Twenty years after the first human genome     4     (map), the price of whole-genome sequencing has fallen to a point     5     it could, in rich countries at least, be offered routinely to newborns. Parents will then have to decide exactly how much they want to know.

Early diagnosis brings with it the possibility of early treatment. Moreover, sequencing the genomes of newborns could offer a lifetime of returns. A patient’s genome may reveal     6     drugs will work best in his or her particular case for conditions such as ADHD, depression and cancer. Combined with information about someone’s way of life, it could highlight easily neglected health risks such as cancers and cardiovascular disease, leading to better preventive measures. A database of genomes,     7     (match) to living people, would be a benefit to medical research. The fruits of that research, in turn, would make those genomes more useful to their owners as time goes on.

Such a powerful new technology create new dangers. Widespread screening for thousands of potentially harmful genes may be counterproductive: some results may worry parents unnecessarily, because some genetic variations,     8     occasionally indicative of disease, are not strongly so. Parents may not want to unlock all the secrets that their newborn’s genome might reveal. Some may indeed prefer not to know about conditions that cannot be treated. Adult-onset illnesses pose a different dilemma — a reasonable position is that it     9     be up to the children themselves, once grown, to decide whether they want to look at their genomic information. A further concern is that data will not be kept secure, and may be leaked or otherwise misused     10     some point in the future.

4 . Most people would be _______ by the high quality of medicine available to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of _________ to the individual, a vast amount of _________ technical equipment, and intense effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must face in the courts if they _________ things badly.

But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in which health care is organized and financed. _________ public belief, it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined by a large public system, because _________ care was simply not _________ the less fortunate and the elderly.

But even with this _________ public part of the system, which this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars-more than 10 per cent of the US Budget-large numbers of Americans are left _________. These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who __________ to meet the strict limits on income fixed by a government.

The basic problem, __________, is that there is no central control __________ the health system. There is no __________ to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate people concerned can do is to pay up.

Two thirds of the population are __________ by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want, knowing that the insurance company will __________ the bill.

The rising cost of medicine in the USA is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country’s health bill climbed 15.9 per cent-about twice as fast as prices in general.

1.

A．depressed

B．impressed

C．frightened

D．pleased

2.

A．money

B．energy

C．attention

D．information

3.

A．advanced

B．absorbed

C．old

D．attractive

4.

A．treat

B．deal

C．meet

D．handle

5.

A．Contrary to

B．According to

C．Compared with

D．Based on

6.

A．public

B．medical

C．private

D．financial

7.

A．looking for

B．looking into

C．looking after

D．looking over

8.

A．profitable

B．little

C．huge

D．worthless

9.

A．over

B．out

C．off

D．away

10.

A．manage

B．bound

C．decide

D．fail

11.

A．however

B．still

C．therefore

D．besides

12.

A．for

B．over

C．of

D．in

13.

A．need

B．doubt

C．limit

D．use

14.

A．charged

B．covered

C．influenced

D．attracted

15.

A．pay

B．take

C．send

D．charge

5 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Hospital of the Future

To most people, hospitals are associated with illnesses, injuries and sometimes, death. Of course, births that deserve     1    (celebrate) take place there too, but with their grey rooms flooded by daylight lamps and still air, hospitals are often not at the top of anyone’s favourite places to visit. Healthcare professionals and patients alike wear anxious faces,     2     hurrying endlessly along the hallways painted an unpleasant green, or stuck in the comfortless wards; the ill health and despair almost sensible in the air. It is no wonder then, that almost everyone is afraid of hospital visits. However, with the rapid advancement of technology nowadays, along with human-centric approaches towards interior design, the hospitals of the future     3     look and feel broadly different, bringing the visitors a more pleasant experience.

A patient’s journey at the hospital always begins at the reception,     4     patients are usually crowded into row upon row of creaky plastic chairs, filling out boring paperwork and awaiting their turn. Instead, fully integrated online systems may turn this process into a breeze,     5    (allow) patients to check in electronically to register themselves smoothly. With waiting times minimised, lobby spaces may be       6    (well) furnished with comfortable sofa chairs and potted plants around to bring clam and relaxation to an otherwise typically distressing situation.

Digital medical devices become increasingly mainstream in the diagnostic(诊断的) process, awkward physical examinations may soon become a thing of the past.     7    (power) by artificial intelligence, machines would become the efficient mode of detecting physical abnormity, as high-tech sensors scan your body, processing data through supercomputers in the hospital’s mainframe, leaving absolutely no margin     8     error. With patient consent, this data may even be stored in the cloud for future reference by different medical facilities if the need arises, especially in emergencies.

6 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。1.

A．30%.

B．24%.

C．96%.

D．50%.

2.

A．He nearly became blind.	B．His vision became even worse.
C．He couldn’t see very well at night.	D．His eyes were dry for several months.

3.

A．Nervous.

B．Regretful.

C．Painful.

D．Relaxed.

4.

A．Laser surgery is safe despite its side effects.

B．Two weeks’ home rest is required after the surgery.

C．The cost of the surgery is too high for ordinary people.

D．People with poor vision are all good candidates for the surgery.

7 .

A．He is studying to be a doctor.

B．More research needs to be carried out.

C．Some new medicine may be available soon.

D．He has already tried the new wonder drug.

8 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. risky   B. solution   C. adaptation D. genetic   E. require F. definitely G. ruined   H. inconvenience   I. occur     J. qualify   K. completely

SEATTLE-For the more than 10 million Americans with colorblindness, there’s never been a treatment, let alone a cure, for the condition that leaves them unable to distinguish curtain colors.

Now, for the first time, two University of Washington professors have teamed with a California biotech firm to develop what they say may be a     1    : a single shot in the eye that can reveal the world in full color.

Jay and Maureen Neitz, who have studied the vision disorder for years, have found a new way to deliver genes that can replace missing color-producing proteins in certain cells, called cones, in the eyes.

The trouble will     2     when people are born without one or more of the three types of color-sensing proteins normally present in the cones of the retina (视网膜). The most common type is red-green colorblindness, followed by blue-yellow colorblindness. A very small proportion of the population is     3     colorblind, seeing only shades of gray.

Colorblindness is often a/an     4     disorder. It affects mostly men, who can inherit a mutation (变异) on the X chromosome (染色体) that weakens their perception of red and green. A much smaller part of cases are in women, who have two X chromosomes, which gives them a better chance of avoiding effects of any genetic imperfection.

Most people think of colorblindness as a/an     5     or disability, mainly causing problems with unmatched shirts and socks. But the Neitzes say the condition can have profound impacts-limiting choices for education or careers, making driving dangerous, and forcing continual     6     to a world designed for color vision.

“There are an awful lot of people who feel like their life is     7     because they don’t see color,” said Jay Neitz, 61, a professor, who confirmed in 1989 that dogs are colorblind, too.

People may not     8     as commercial pilots, for instance, if they’re colorblind. Other careers that can be restricted include those of chefs, decorators, electricians and house painters, all of which     9    detailed color vision.

Undoubtedly, the Neitzes’ findings have brought great benefits to those who are born unable to distinguish between red and green. But that technique is     10    , requiring surgery, so the Neitzes are looking for another way to do the job.

9 .

A．He may feel better soon.	B．He doesn’t like to take pills.
C．He may not be able to wake up on time.	D．He may want to take the pills without food.

10 . Directions: After reading the passage below. fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use ONE word that best fits each blank.

Conquering the Scientific World, Dr. Roberto Crea

Although the scientists that brought a revolution into human life are no more, there remain a few who are following in their footsteps to find permanent solutions to persistent human life problems and add value, ease, and comfort to people’s lives.     1     fits the context perfectly is worth worshiping. And Dr. Roberto Crea is the one of them.

Born on July 1, 1948, in Italy, Roberto Crea was a genius kid.     2    (graduate) from the University of Pavia in Italy, he moved to the Netherlands for his specialization later on and finally enrolled at the University of Leiden, where he studied the synthesis of nucleorides (核苷酸), the basic units that are required to build a DNA.     3     he was immensely interested in and exceedingly curious about it, he was determined to specialize in the DNA/RNA synthesis by the phosphotriester method. Roberto’s strong chemistry background paved the way for a historical invention. And his marvelous research at the University spoke volumes.

With Genetech funding Dr. Crea’s on-going research on gene synthesis, Crea invented a new procedure that streamlined the chemical synthesis of oligonucleotides and synthetic genes. His profound knowledge, along with the collaboration of the excellent Genetech team, utilized this discovery to produce the human insulin genes. It was his invention that allowed Genentech     4    (label) as the first producer of human protein. This was made from therapeutic interest in bacteria for the benefit of hundreds of millions of people     5    (suffer) from diabetes all over the world.

His efforts did not cease     6     discovering the synthetic insulin(胰岛素); in fact, he was more than driven and strived to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. In 1982, Roberto switched roles slightly to become a scientist entrepreneur and launched his company, Creative BioMolecules. This venture     7    (initial) functioned as a service company but later began producing therapeutic protein substances.

Another notable contribution to the medicine industry was the life-changing discovery of ziconotide, which     8    (take) place when Roberto served as the scientific director at Neurex. His team of experts in neuroscience discovered this drug under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine, a powerful drug used to reduce pain, and     9    (good) part of this is that it has zero side-effects.

Established as one of the greatest researchers and scientists America has ever known, Dr. Roberto Crea can be looked up to as an idol in Biotechnology and an inspiration for many individuals     10     dream of adding value to humanity with the help of science is deeply rooted.