2 . During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this “open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic (流行病) started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced (测定序列) the DNA of the virus. But they didn’t keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, companies producing drugs across the globe are now able to work at the same time to develop a vaccine (疫苗). “There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,” Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera. “The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more flexible we’ll be when fighting against coronavirus outbreaks in the future.”

Major drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more important in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent,” Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a cooperative approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and treatment very rapidly.”

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming (补偿的) factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1. What does the article mainly talk about?

A．Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic in Africa.

B．Some scientific knowledge we’ve learned from the epidemic.

C．The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

D．What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2. The positive effect of what the research team from Fudan University did is that ________.

A．they alerted the world to the danger of the virus

B．they helped remove people’s fear of the virus

C．they showed the world how to produce a vaccine

D．they invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine

3. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning remdesivir in paragraph 4?

A．To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B．To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

C．To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries.

D．To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

4. Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A．Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to climate change.

B．The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.

C．No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D．The increase in globalization may bring about more epidemics.

3 . The secret of successful response

The novel coronavirus(新冠状病毒)is an uncommon threat. We don't know how bad it will be, nor do we know for how long it will spread. But we do know that it has already infected (感染) more than 18,000 people and killed many around the world. It also caused serious global economic damage. We need to adapt our responses to different countries and different parts of the same country in order to limit damage. Using data well is essential to such a successful response.

Data is key to all successful public health programs. In New York City, we raised tobacco taxes and made all indoor public places smoke free. Smoking rates declined at first but then the decline stopped. Because we had a tracking system in place, we realised that progress had stopped. So, we produced strong and direct no tobacco ads to the public. Our programs quickly reduced adult and teenager smoking, preventing more than 10,0000 deaths.

Every country facing the coronavirus disease needs to strengthen their data systems to track diseases, investigate skillfully and respond fast and successfully. Fast action will save lives and save money. But building the capacity to do this isn't free. It will cost about $1 to $2 per person per year for at least 10 years --- at least 30 billion. That's a lot of money for public health, but it's a tiny part of the amount lost when we don't know what we need to know about health threats.

Getting he data right is hardly quick and never easy, but it is always very important if we want to respond successfully, limit spread, and protect our communities and economy.

1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Novel coronavirus has killed people and damaged economy.

B．New York City succeeded in reducing smoking with data.

C．We need a lot of money to build the capacity of fast action.

D．Using data will cure people infected with novel coronavirus,

2. Why does the author talk about smoking in paragraph 2?

A．To warn us that smoking is harmful.

B．To suggest us how to reduce smoking.

C．To show the significant role of data.

D．To protect people's physical health.

3. What is the author's opinion on the building of the capacity of fast response?

A．It is too expensive and many countries cannot afford it.

B．It is worthwhile and necessary to develop such a capacity.

C．It supports communities and saves lives and saves money.

D．It requires a tiny part of the amount lost by health threats.

4. What is the main idea of this passage?

A．The widespread of novel coronavirus has killed many people.

B．Using Data well is of vital importance to public health programs.

C．The importance of fighting against novel coronavirus.

D．The importance of raising tobacco taxes.

4 . 请听下面一个故事，然后根据故事意思填空，每空一词，录音读两遍。
梗概:Spencer在回家途中以自己的急救知识帮助一个男孩脱离危险。
关键词:bandage (用绷带包扎)             bleeding (流血)             stable (固定的)
wound (伤口)                  first aid (急救)
Spencer’s parents taught him basic first aid when he was young. One day, Spencer saw a boy     1     on the ground. The boy’s     2     was badly injured. Several people had stopped to help. Spencer used a cloth to     3     the bleeding and used his own T-shirt to make the boy s arm stable. Spencer showed someone how to apply pressure to the boy’s wounds and talked to him to keep him     4    . When the ambulance arrived, the medical workers     5     Spencer for his good work. If Spencer had not acted so quickly, the boy would have been in even greater     6    . By the next day, the whole school heard about what had happened. Spencer’s parents were very     7     of their son for his good work in the face of an emergency.

5 . Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship(学徒期) as a union painter and dry waller(筑墙工). On Friday morning, she was thanking God she had it.

On Thursday night, while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter, nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire. When her 4-year-old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying, “We’re going to die,” she knew she had to act. Pina, 39, first sealed the door, and then told all four children to get on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety. “I said, ‘OK, we’re going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing our ABCs and 123s. I was just trying to make it fun.” Pina patiently waited, and a few minutes later, Riverside County sheriff’s deputies (治安官的助手) arrived. Pina, Ilean, 8-year-old Gabriel Parga, 5-year-old Aubreyana Parga and 4-year-old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story. Pina did the only thing she could. She opened the window and dropped the children, one-by-one, into the arms of the sheriff’s deputies about 15 to 20 feet below. “I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be afraid,” Pina said. “I was deathly afraid inside, but I couldn’t let them know that.” Not long after dropping the children out of the window, fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her. Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke, but nobody was seriously injured.

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A．A big fire without serious injury.

B．An urgent call 911.

C．A brave babysitter.

D．A babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．A union painter.	B．A dry waller.
C．The apprenticeship.	D．The fire safety training.

3. What did Lisa Pina do before she called 911，in order to prevent the fire?

A．She let children get on the floor.

B．She opened the windows of the second floor.

C．She had children start singing.

D．She closed the door hard.

4. What do we know according to the passage?

A．The fire didn’t cause any injury.

B．Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued.

C．The children were sent to hospital after the fire.

D．During the fire Lisa Pina wasn’t afraid at all.