1 . Healthy Habits, Healthy Body

Feel tired lately? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong with you.

Then, consider this: you might be in a state of subhealth(亚健康).

Subhealth, also called the third state or gray state, is explained as a borderline state between health and disease.

According to the investigation by the National Health Organization, over 45 percent of subhealthy people are middle-aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-weeks.

Symptoms include a lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia(失眠), agitation(兴奋), and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs.

The key to preventing and recovering from subhealth, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open air activities.

As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruit and fish because they are rich in nutritional elements — vitamins and trace elements that are important to the body.

Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化系统). They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding subhealth.

1. According to this passage, which of the following is RIGHT?

A．When you are in a state of subhealth, you should stay home and keep silent.

B．When you are in a state of subhealth, you should go to see a doctor and buy some medicine.

C．When you are in a state of subhealth, you should have yourself examined in foreign countries.

D．When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself.

2. It may be easy for middle-aged people to be in a state of subhealth because ____________.

A．they have used up their energy

B．they have lost their living hopes

C．they have more pressure in life and work

D．they begin to get older

3. The key to preventing you from falling into a state of subhealth is that you should ____________.

A．work hard	B．sleep more
C．form good living habits	D．take more medicine

4. As for food, experts suggest that ____________.

A．we should never eat meat

B．we should have a variety of food

C．we should eat less than usual

D．we should have meals without salt and sugar

5. The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to ____________.

A．arrange by turns	B．cause to take place
C．keep up	D．take up

2 . Girls should take part in competitive sport to build confidence, the leader of a group of girls’schools will argue this week. Helen Fraser, director of the Girls Day School Trust (GDST), will tell the group that sport can help girls cope with failure.

“All girls and not just the sporty ones should take physical exercise”, Ms Fraser will say. Research that girls are far less active than boys is worrying, she argues. Ms Fraser will tell the group that she backs “sport for all”. “That’s why I love it when our schools have A, B, C and D teams and beyond”, she will say.

The GDST draws on research from the Women’s Sport and Fitness Foundation which suggests only a quarter of girls in England meet basic levels(水平)of activity each week. One in five girls do no activity at all, twice the proportion (比例)of boys, the research suggests.

Ms Fraser says other research suggests that more than 80% of women business leaders played sports while growing up. She uses the examples of US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, once a skater and tennis player, while the head of the International Monetary Fund, Christine Lagarde, was in the French national swimming team. Ms Fraser says Olympic medallists like Jessica Ennis, Katherine Grainger and Nicola Adams are excellent role models for young women but says women’s sport needs more money and more news reports.

Valerie Dunsford, head of Sheffield High School, part of GDST, said it was important to offer a large number of sports to attract different types of girls. “Not everyone wants to be out playing the hockey (曲棍球)”, said Ms Dunsford.

1. Which of the following ideas would Ms Fraser agree with?

A．Those taking part in the sport are always failures.

B．More should be done to make girls do sports.

C．Girls are less confident than boys.

D．Boys are born to be sport lovers.

2. What’s the proportion of boys who never take exercise?

A．1/10.	B．1/4.
C．1/5.	D．2/5.

3. Ms Fraser mentions those famous women to show ________

A．hard work will pay off.

B．it’s not easy to be great.

C．sport can help girls to succeed.

D．it’s necessary to balance work and sport.

4. What’s the purpose of the text?

A．To explain the key to success.

B．To show the importance of sport.

C．To introduce more games to girls.

D．To encourage more girls to do sports.

3 . For generations, students were taught to stretch before playing games. Then the practice fell out of favor. Studies seemed to show that such stretching temporarily reduces muscular power, weakens athletic performance and increases the risk of injury. So most fitness experts currently advise against stretches before exercise. But now a new research indicates that they might not be such a bad idea after all.

This month, the journal, Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism (APNM), published a study by four distinguished exercise scientists who analyzed more than 200 studies of how stretching affects the following exercise. In broad terms, they found that stretching can briefly prevent the ability to generate power. So if you reach for your toes and hold that position, tightening your hamstrings (腿筋), you might not then be able to leap as high or start a dash as forcefully as you don’t stretch.

Those undesirable effects were generally found, however, only if each stretch was held for more than 60 seconds and the subject then immediately became fully active, with no further warm-up. “Outside the lab, most people are unlikely to hold a warm-up stretch for longer than about 30 seconds.” Dr. McHugh, the co-author of the study says. The review found few lasting negative impacts from these short stretches, especially if the volunteers followed that stretching with several minutes of jogging or other basic warm-up movements. In fact, these short stretches turned out to have a positive effect.

Do these findings mean that all the athletes should stretch in advance before a match? “Not necessarily,” Dr. McHugh says, “Runners and cyclists don’t have much risk for acute muscle injuries.” Stretching before these activities is unlikely to protect against injury. Runners and cyclists can adequately warm up by jogging or pedaling lightly. But he suggests that people who play basketball and other ball sports should stretch in advance. Those who haven’t stretched since childhood gym class might want to consider consulting an athletic trainer about the best upper and lower body stretches, particularly for the shoulders and hamstrings.

1. Which of the following statements agrees with most fitness experts?

A．Before playing a game you should stretch your legs and arms.

B．After attending a match you should stretch your legs and arms.

C．It’s harmful to stretch your legs and arms before playing games.

D．It doesn’t matter whether you stretch or not before playing games.

2. According to the new research, people may suffer negative impacts when _______.

A．they do stretches after attending a game

B．they reach for toes and hold that position

C．following a stretch with several minutes’ jogging

D．dashing immediately after one 60-second plus stretch

3. We can learn from the passage that _______.

A．all athletes should not stretch in advance

B．the four scientists published the journal APNM

C．it’s unnecessary for a tennis player to do warm-up stretches

D．players ought to have done warm-up stretches since childhood

4. What’s Dr. McHugh’s attitude toward stretches?

A．Concerned.	B．Doubtful.
C．Disapproving.	D．Objective.

4 . Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are careless about our diets, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slow moving.

    1    I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.

For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports—    2    —there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.

Even after you have found a way for keeping in shape, through sport or gymnastics,    3    , because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation.     4    Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. It seems ironical (讽刺性的), though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity—    5    —which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.

A．be active and practise Yoga

B．There are some aspects of our unhealthy lives that we cannot avoid.

C．and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at them

D．physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the other

E．they spent most of the time out of doors

F．you are still only half way to good health

G．It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all thoughts, meditation, and so on.

5 . Reasons Why Physical Education is Important in School

Are you looking for information about the importance of physical education in schools and why it should be emphasized? Do you want a healthy active lifestyle for your kids? Then this article can help you convince your kids that exercising and participation especially in school PE classes are important.

● It's a link to good health.

    1     It's only in physical education classrooms that students learn the value of taking care of themselves through proper healthy eating and regular exercise.

●It's preventive measure against diseases.

    2     Without any forms of diet management and control with the numerous processed foods students intake every day, a student's health can easily be at risk of many diseases. Physical education in schools is a preventive measure to teach students the value of regular exercise.

●    3    

Physical health allows students to function even better in classrooms. A good cardiovascular(心血管的) system developing from regular exercise promotes excellent blood and oxygen circulation. This means more nutrients circulate throughout the body which includes the brain. This circulation produces longer attention time during classes allowing longer concentration and better absorption.

● It builds self-esteem

Students who are active in physical activities like basketball, volleyball and running are more confident with themselves according to most social school studies.     4     In school, the physical education program introduces these sport activities to students allowing them to make choices of which sport areas they want to get involved in.

●    5    

Most physical education programs are holistic. The program allows students to interact together to a common goal, that is, to win and excel physically. It not only brings out the competitive sides of students working with both body and mind but also promotes sportsmanship.

●It promotes a physically active lifestyle.

The purpose of physical education is to instill(逐渐灌输) in students, at an early age, the value of self-preservation and choosing a lifestyle that is good for both the mind and body.

A．Physical education plays a vital role in students' development and growth.

B．It's a program for muscle strength and fitness.

C．It's probably because of the dedication made to a sport that brings out the best in students.

D．It develops cooperation, teamwork and sportsmanship.

E．The value of physical fitness cannot be overstated too much.

F．It promotes academic learning.

G．Many doctors today agree that obesity is a serious health risk.

6 . Advantages of playing badminton

Playing badminton can be a fantastic sport.    1    .What's more.Playing badminton has many health benefits for your entire body.

Build a strong body

You get to run up and down the court.You jump up high and bend down low when playing.Your movement has to be flexible,with good hand-eye coordination（协调）.The movements give your legs good exercise.At the same time,swinging the racket exercises your arms,shoulders,stomach and back.Before you know it,your entire body will benefit from better coordination.    2    .

Have a good heart

Playing badminton can actually lower your blood pressure,and reduce your chances of heart disease.    3    .Your body will be better defended against enlarged arteries（动脉）that can cause deadly heart attacks.Whether you are suffering from high blood pressure or simply trying it,playing badminton is a great sport.

Enjoy a colorful social life

Gyms often host leagues,tournaments,and parties.    4    .So don't just watch a television program about losing fat. Get out there and socialize in an organized badminton league.

Make a Slim figure

    5    .Hundreds of unwanted fat can be burned off with all of the physical movements involved with the sport. Whether you are on the sand at the local beach,or inside a gym,playing badminton can be an enjoyable weight loss exercise.

A．You can even grow stronger and more attractive

B．Playing the game,you can make your heart stronger

C．To people of different ages it is also an easy light exercise

D．It is important to drink plenty of water when playing the sport

E．You can find a badminton court in public parks or some gyms

F．They provide chances for you to meet friends,or other people with similar interests

G．Of course,one of the most welcome benefits of playing badminton is always quick weight loss

7 . A new study, a project of the researchers from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania, finds the fitness tracker probably does not help with weight loss.

The devices are designed to record your physical activity. They are usually worn around the wrist, where they measure a person’s heart rate. The research team looked at two groups of individuals. The first wore a fitness tracker and took part in health counseling (咨询) with experts to consider the best weight-loss plan. The researchers compared this group with people who only got health counseling.

The study found that those only speaking with the health experts lost nearly 6 kilograms, but those using a fitness tracker lost only 3.5 kilograms. John Jakicic, the lead researcher, questioned the use of electronic devices for weight control in place of “effective behavioral counseling for physical activity and diet. ”

The study involved 470 subjects aged between 18 and 35. Some of them were overweight, while others were considered obese (肥胖的). Over three fourths of the subjects were women. All the subjects were told to increase physical activity and start on a low-calorie diet. They had their weight measured once every six months. After six months, researchers divided the group into two parts: one continued with monthly counseling, while members of the other group were given a fitness tracker. Eighteen months later, both groups “showed significant improvements in fitness, physical activity, and diet,” with no major difference between groups. However, when it came to losing weight, the people who only spoke with experts lost nearly twice as much weight.

Jakicic said, “the study’s findings are important because effective long-term treatments are needed to address America’s obesity. ” More information is needed, he added, to learn how to best use these devices to change “physical activity and diet behaviors” in adults who want to lose weight.

1. All the subjects in the study were asked to ________.

A．start on a high-calorie diet	B．wear a fitness tracker
C．increase physical activities	D．record their heart rates

2. Why does Jakicic think the findings are important?

A．Wearing fitness trackers hardly helps people lose weight.

B．Physical activity and diet have no effect on weight loss.

C．Handling obesity requires effective long-term treatments.

D．There are great differences in fitness between both groups.

3. What can we infer about the study mentioned in the text?

A．The study went on for about two years.

B．More than 120 men took part in the study.

C．Health counseling helps lose almost 6 kilograms.

D．Wearing a fitness tracker is useful for keeping slim.

4. The purpose of the text is to ________.

A．describe how the researchers were conducting the study

B．indicate regular counseling for weight control is necessary

C．convince readers to wear fitness trackers for weight control

D．warn women are more likely to suffer from weight problems

8 . Summer is the season to dive into new activities and relax. And right now is the time to make sure that you’re ready for the great outdoors, the holiday planning and travel, and the bathing suit beach days.

If you want to lose weight before summer, concentrate on dropping no more than a pound or two a week.     1    And when you trouble yourself, sooner or later you’re going to gain it back. Operate on a 500-calorie-a-day deficit (亏损).     2     So if you cut 500 calories a day for seven days straight, you’ll lose a pound a week right there.

Operating at a decrease of 500 calories a day should involve both eating less and moving more. For example, you could consume 300 fewer calories and bum 50 extra per day.

Include both healthy eating and exercise in your weight-loss plan, and break the 500-calorie goal into small groups to make it more reachable.     3    

To cut 100 calories:     4     Have vegetable pizza instead of pepperoni (意大利辣香肠). Use our Nutritional Needs Calculator to determine how many daily calories you should consume in order to lose, gain, or maintain your healthy goal weight. Once you’ve reached your goal, recalculate your nutritional needs for keeping extra weight off all summer long.

To burn 100 calories: spend 15 minutes biking.     5     Spend 5 minutes gardening. Keep on exercising at least 30 minutes daily a week. Reading food labels and counting calories or writing down what and when you eat can give you more control as well.

A．Here are some simple ways to get there.

B．Walk or run one mile.

C．A pound is 3,500 calories.

D．It is okay to have some snacks between your meals.

E．You should always make sure you get a lot of sleep.

F．Anything more than that usually means you’re troubling yourself.

G．Eat a chicken breast without the skin.

9 . Swimming, cycling, jogging, skiing, dancing, walking or any of dozens of other activities can help your heart.    1     Whether it is a structured exercise program or just part of your daily routine, all exercise adds up to having a healthier heart. Here are some tips for exercise success.

●Choose activities that are fun and add variety. Develop several activities that you can enjoy.    2    

●Wear comfortable, properly fitted shoes and comfortable, loose-fitting clothing appropriate for the weather and the activity.

●Find a convenient time and place to do activities.    3     If you miss an exercise opportunity, work activity into your day another way.

●Use music to keep yourself entertained.

●    4     Decide what kind of support you need. Do you want them to remind you to exercise? Exercise with you regularly or occasionally? Be understanding when you get up early to exercise? Spend time with the children while you exercise? Try not to ask you to change your exercise routine? Share your activity time with others. Ask your family members, friends or co-workers for help.

●Don’t overdo it, especially at first. You can slowly increase the time and intensity (强度) of your activities as you become more fit.    5    

●Keep a record of your activities. Reward yourself at times. Nothing will inspire you more than success!

A．Try to make it a habit, but be flexible.

B．They all cause you to feel warm and breathe heavily without being out of breath.

C．Be an active role model for your children.

D．That way, exercise will never seem boring.

E．If you are overweight or have a high risk of heart disease, see your doctor for medical advice before exercising.

F．Surround yourself with supportive people.

G．Gradually, work up to exercising on most days of the week for 30-60 minutes.

10 . In the world today, all of the people need recreation (消遣). We cannot work all the time if we are going to keep healthy and enjoy life.
Everyone has his own way of relaxing. Perhaps the most popular form is to take part in sports. There are team sports, such as basketball and football; There are also individual (个人的) sports, such as swimming and running. Skating and mountain climbing are the most popular recreation for people who like to be outdoor.
Not everyone who enjoys sports likes to take part in them. Many people like watching them on TV or listening to them on the radio. So many people like some forms of indoor recreation, such as watching TV, singing and dancing.
It doesn’t matter whether we like indoor recreation or take part in outdoor sports. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time, and enjoy some forms of recreation.
1. Which is the most popular form of recreation?

A．Sports.	B．Watching TV.
C．Sleeping.	D．Singing and dancing.

2. People want to take part in sports in order to ____.

A．keep healthy and enjoy life	B．make friends
C．find a good job	D．make more money

3. Outdoor sports include ____.

A．watching TV	B．singing and dancing
C．listening to the radio	D．skating and mountain climbing

4. The page mainly tells us that ____.

A．basketball is a kind of team sport

B．everyone who enjoys sports should take part in them

C．different people have different ways of relaxing

D．indoor recreation is not as important as outdoor sports