1 . Most new runners assume that the best way to improve is simply to run greater and greater distances. While it’s true that going farther and faster will improve your running skills, most coaches and trainers will advise some level of strength training as well. Focusing on your core (核心) is a common suggestion. A recent study seems to back this up. In the Journal of Biomechanics, researchers investigated a symptom that has long confused runners from beginners to experienced ones. A good number of runners, 14 percent to be exact, experience gradual lower back pain. The results of the new study seem to suggest that weak deep core muscles might be to blame. When these muscles aren’t strong enough, the study found, muscles on other areas of the body kick in to keep the runner up-right, eventually leading to back pain.

To understand the role that these muscles play, the researchers had eight volunteers with minimal running experience run along an indoor track. High-speed cameras and 3D motion detectors analyzed which muscles moved, and how much. Once they created a working computer model for each runner, the scientists imitated what would happen if certain deep muscles were weaker, or shut off completely. As it turns out, when a person can’t use their deep core muscles very well, their bodies still want (and need) to maintain a good running form, and uses surface muscles to do so.

What’s wrong with that? A muscle is a muscle, right? Not exactly. While the surface muscles are often targeted in workouts - they give you a six-pack (六块腹肌), after all - they are pretty useless when it comes to supporting your spine (脊柱). The deeper core muscles, which essentially lie beneath and can’t be seen from the outside, do all the heavy spinal lifting.

It’s important to note that even when you’ve made these muscles super strong, you won’t likely notice visible results. But they will probably help you run better and definitely help prevent potential back pain. Perhaps throwing a nice long plank (平板支撑) may work.

1. Why do most new runners want to run farther and faster?

A．Because they think it can improve running skills.

B．Because some coaches and trainers advise them to do so.

C．Because a recent study proves it to be helpful.

D．Because it’s a kind of useful strength training.

2. What does the new study show us when people do the running?

A．14 percent of the runners have weak muscles.

B．The muscles on other areas lead to back pain.

C．Strong deep core muscles can prevent back pain.

D．The beginning runners usually have weak core muscles.

3. What happens when people do the running?

A．A working computer model can be created.

B．Certain deep muscles become weaker.

C．Surface muscles are the most important for running.

D．Deep core muscles probably function first.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Why are core muscles so important when running?

B．surface muscles play a role.

C．Train the six-pack.

D．Build Super strong muscles.

2 . 阅读下列短文, 根据上下文在空由处填写适当的词语, 或使用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。

The Great North Run is one of the UK’S most popular sporting     1     (event). It is the biggest and best known half-marathon in the world. Around fifty-thousand competitors sign up to compete in the Great North Run every September. Around one hundred thousand friends and family members line the roads     2     (watch) the race and cheer the runners on from the sidelines.

First     3     (hold) in 1981, the Great North Run was to help raise money for charities and other worthy causes. A lot of people enjoy    4     (compete) in the half-marathon, and men and women of all ages take part     5     the race to help raise money for their favourite charity.

Running road races can be    6     (tire). So not all runners manage to go the full     7    (distant) and complete it and there are always some     8     fall by the wayside. Ambulances are kept on standby in case any runners need medical attention and     9     (bottle) water is provided at various stops along the way.     10    (usual), around two hundred and fifty thousand bottles of water are handed out during the race alone.

3 . What activity does the man like?

A．Snowboarding.

B．Snowkiting.

C．Climbing.

4 . 你校网站发起“Let’s take exercise !”主题讨论，请你写一篇英语短文参与话题讨论，内容包括：1.你的运动习惯；2.运动的意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . At the Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia, Halfway in the women’s slalom(障碍滑雪)race, 18-year-old Mikaela Shiffrin took a commanding lead over the greatest women’s slalom skiers in the world. On her final run, she burst from the start house at a breakneck speed, snaking around the poles in crazy rhythm.

Skiing has always been a significant part of Mikaela’s life. Her mom raced and coached skiing and her dad ski raced all through college. The Shiffrins taught Mikaela and her brother, Taylor, to ski at a very young age. At the age of two and a half, Mikaela made her first ski run on plastic skis. From ages 8 to 11, she worked hard, practicing hundreds of training runs on small hills repeatedly to develop the correct techniques of slalom skiing.

When Mikaela was 11, she attended the Burke Mountain Academy, a Vermont boarding school for skiers. She took classes, studied, and practiced her skiing crazily. According to Kirk Dwyer, Burke Mountain Academy headmaster, “It was the degree of Mikaela’s effort to be the best that distinguished her from others. Her commitment to conditioning, having proper sleep, eating correctly, doing the drills, and watching video was unusual for an 11 to 13-year-old. Mikaela practiced more than anyone and believed in herself then and now.”

By the time she was 17, she had already won her first World Cup race.

Working hard is a full-time job for Mikaela. Even her off-season is work time. In the summer, when Mikaela is off the ski slopes and in the gym, her daily training consists of six to seven hours of weight lifting, swimming, and biking to improve her core strength and flexibility. She does all of this so that she can dash down slopes at speeds topping 50 miles per hour while cutting back and forth around gates with astonishing precision.

“If you have passion for your targets, whatever they are,” she says, “the sky is the limit. Give it your all!”

1. What can we learn from paragraph 2?

A．Mikaela came from a skiing family.

B．Mikaela’s mother taught her to ski first.

C．Mikaela trained harder than her brother.

D．Mikaela’s father coached skiing in colleges.

2. Why were headmaster Kirk Dwyer’s words cited?

A．To stress Mikaela was a crazy teen.

B．To show Mikaela’s distinct personality.

C．To praise the good students in his school.

D．To highlight Mikaela’s great devotion to training.

3. Which of the following words can best describe Mikaela?

A．Competent and wise.	B．Creative and determined.
C．Aggressive and brave.	D．Committed and self-disciplined.

4. What does Mikaela Shiffrin’s story convey?

A．Practice makes perfect.

B．Not to advance is to go back.

C．He who laughs last laughs best.

D．Actions speak louder than words.

6 . I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. I worried about my _______ and tried every new diet I read about online. I tried low-fat, no-fat, only bananas, no bananas — I almost went bananas, too.

Then I read an article that said _______ asking “Am I fat?”, I should be asking “Am I _______?” I had no _______ a letter could make such a _______! Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to _______. Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”, I would say “I want to _______ two kilometers in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”. Rather than _______ the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. I could _______ have a burger now and then, but I would ________ a salad or an apple.

Finally, I stopped ________ myself with actresses and models and ________ things that were wrong with my face or body. Instead, I made a list of the things I ________ about myself. By being ________ about myself and my body, I became both happier and ________.

1.

A．face

B．weight

C．future

D．comfort

2.

A．because of

B．except for

C．instead of

D．in case of

3.

A．tall

B．brave

C．beautiful

D．fit

4.

A．source

B．idea

C．way

D．experience

5.

A．summary

B．fortune

C．difference

D．chance

6.

A．lose

B．change

C．survive

D．fit

7.

A．suffer

B．find

C．run

D．get

8.

A．taking in

B．cutting out

C．putting off

D．making up

9.

A．still

B．never

C．hardly

D．seldom

10.

A．throw

B．add

C．forget

D．buy

11.

A．thinking about

B．dreaming of

C．warning

D．comparing

12.

A．looking for

B．getting rid of

C．passing down

D．looking after

13.

A．maintained

B．liked

C．refused

D．realized

14.

A．anxious

B．curious

C．certain

D．positive

15.

A．wiser

B．slimmer

C．healthier

D．calmer

7 . 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Football is the most popular outdoor game all over the world. It is one of the oldest games and is played in many    1    (country).

Football helps improve concentration and creates team spirits,    2    requires a lot of physical strength. This game started from Italy where there was a village    3    (call) Rugby and according to some sources, the game originated from China.

The game can be used    4    (reduce) stress and can be played by people of all ages. The game is played by    5    (hit) the ball with a foot so it is called football. So far, it    6    (become) a very popular game in many parts of the world. People are    7     (excite) to see their favorite team win.

There are different kinds of football rules known as “Football Codes”. However, the way that football is played is    8    (actual) similar everywhere. It is played by two teams with eleven players in each team and two judges and each game lasts for 90 minutes, with    9    break of 15 minutes. The aim of the players is to score and prevent the opposite team     10    making a goal.

8 . Sobhi from Egypt, who has worked as a bodybuilder for almost 60 years, often says that age is just a number. Whenever people ask him when he is going to retire, his only answer is “never”.

It is generally accepted that people grow less active and lose passion for life as they age. However Sobhi believes that age can never block ambitions if people still have strong wills.

Sobhi’s love for sports started when he joined his school gymnastics team. He once won the third place in Cairo’s Gymnastics Championship. In university, he started to pay more attention to bodybuilding, not only for a better shape, but also for a better health.

His body is so well-shaped that it even helped him appear in a famous film. Sobhi played a minor role of a muscleman in the film, which was filmed in Egypt and tells the story of an Ancient Roman soldier who was sent to Egypt by Julius Caesar to monitor one of his commanders.

As an 80-year-old man, Sobhi said training hard and having a good exercise schedule as well as a healthy diet are the real foundations of bodybuilding. He warned young people that taking bodybuilding supplements (补充剂) can lead to health risks. He recommended them to go for vitamins and other all-natural supplements that do not cause harm.

“Sobhi is 40 years older than me, but he does his exercises as if he is much younger than me,” Gabr, an athlete, said. He also said Sobhi is a great example for all athletes at the club, where Sobhi has been working out for the past 40 years. They are lucky to do sports with such a “hero” “We watch him working out in shock. We wish we could just be like him when we are at his age,” Gabr added.

1. What does the underlined word “passion” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Production.	B．Encouragement
C．Love.	D．Dislike.

2. What did Sobhi once work as?

A．An advisor.	B．An actor.
C．A teacher.	D．A fitness trainer.

3. What did Sobhi advise young people to do?

A．Train as hard as they can.	B．Exercise whenever they like.
C．Pay more attention to body shape.	D．Take all-natural supplements.

4. What did Gabr show for Sobhi in the last paragraph?

A．Admiration.	B．Indifference.
C．Dissatisfaction.	D．Disagreement.

9 .     1       However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses（球场）in good condition.     2     For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

    3     Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit.     4     Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements（代替物）for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces.     5     And best of all, it’s free.

A．It will cost you a lot.

B．This causes major environmental effects.

C．There are many environment-friendly sports.

D．Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.

E．If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones.

F．There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.

G．More and more people are concerned about environmental protection.