1 . Every year from March to October, Christian Moullec, also known as “Birdman,” takes to the skies aboard his adapted light aircraft. However, the 58-year-old Frenchman’s daily 30-minute flight is not just to enjoy the impressive views, but to guide flocks (鸟群) of lesser white-fronted geese (小白额雁) through safe migration paths which the birds can teach future generations.

His deed began in 1995 when he noticed their declining population in the wilds of Lapland, Sweden. To prevent their numbers from dropping further, Moullec tried to get the threatened species to follow him along migration routes that would protect them from bird hunters.

However, getting grown geese to follow his lead proved challenging. As young geese imitate and follow whomever they view as their parent, Moullec decided to raise the geese from birth.

To help raise funds and awareness of his job to protect not just the geese but birds worldwide, Moullec often allows paying tourists to join him on the 30-minute-long flights aboard his aircraft. In addition to the trained birds flying alongside them, visitors, who come from as far as a 15-hour plane flight away, are treated to a variety of crane and geese species as well as breathtaking views of castles and cities.

He often brings his camera along for the flights, capturing photos not just for their beauty, but for what they describe. Moullec believes the use of agricultural chemicals has done harm to wild European birds, with more than a third disappearing in the last 30 years. “It's a disaster,” he said. “My beautiful images with flying birds should be used to tell this story. ”

1. Why does “Birdman” always fly to the sky on his aircraft?

A．To observe geese along their migration routes.

B．To follow geese through safe migration paths.

C．To take visitors to operate his adapted aircraft.

D．To guide geese fly safely during the migration.

2. What do we know about “Birdman”？

A．He is a nature lover.	B．He is a bird watcher.
C．He is a volunteer pilot.	D．He is a bird hunter.

3. What does Moullec often take photos in his flights for?

A．Recording the use of agricultural chemicals.

B．Showing serious damage caused by chemicals.

C．Describing his experiences with flying birds.

D．Capturing the beautiful views of birds and cities.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Birdman Guides Flocks to Learn to Fly.

B．Birdman Finds Birds Disappearing.

C．Birdman Helps Flocks Safely Migrate.

D．Birdman Protects Birds From Hunters.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Litter is everywhere，doing great harm     1     the environment and life on our planet.Jeff Kirschner，who wants to build a litter-free world，started a global community named Litterati     2       (settle)this problem.

The story began with his 6-year-old daughter.One day they were going on a hike when the girl noticed a     3     (break)plastic tub(浴盆)in a river.She said，“Daddy，that doesn’t go there.”That took Kirschner by surprise.He，like many adults，had become so used to the rubbish around them that he hadn’t given it a second look.    4     his daughter said reminded him of the serious problem our planet faces.

Jeff started to take       5    (act).He created Litterati，an app that makes it fun to pick up litter.The idea is       6    (fair) simple:Spot a piece of trash，take a photo，post the photo online and then put the litter into dustbins.

    7     (see)that Jeff was keeping a record of the positive impact he was having on the planet，people worldwide started participating.Up to now，over 2，500，000 photos posted by 3,500 people from over 40 countries     8     (find)their way to Litterati’s digital landfill.

Litterati is more than an app.It is a highly     9     (effect)solution to a pressing issue.Wherever you live，whatever you do and       10     you are，join Litterati to make the world a cleaner and healthier place to live in.

3 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

There is a small but growing movement in America of many     1     ( family) that want to reduce waste to zero.     2       (they) goal of producing no trash is probably impossible to reach. Some come close, reducing a year’s worth of trash to only a few things     3     can fit into a small container. All other things, they say, can be recycled or composted.

Zero Wasters, as they are called, help each other by sharing advice on blogs and social media. A lot of people have given     4     (value) advice on the subject recently. Some of the advice includes where to buy things     5     (avoid) unwanted packaging and how to recycle things that most people throw away.

Bea Johnson, a housewife, says that reducing shopping means her family has more money for fun vacations     6     ever before. She, who is     7     (satisfy) with the fact, says all their clothing comes from used clothing stores. She says that has reduced her household spending     8     40 percent.

Zero Wasters advocate     9     (talk) about five “r’s” that describe want they do: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Rot. They request that things like remaining food not     10     (throw) away randomly and refuse containers at restaurants.

4 . If you travel, you will leave a carbon footprint in your wake. You can’t help it. But eco-friendly travel practices can lighten the harm on Mother Earth. Green travel is not a passing trend but a lifestyle choice.     1    .

Choosing a green destination

No destination is a Green Giant.     2    . However, some countries and cities show a deep commitment to Earth-friendly policies and practices. When researching a vacation spot, look for places that naturally embrace the green lifestyle.

Choosing green transportation

What makes Mother Earth proud? Seeing you use your own power to get around. Many adventure tour operators arrange cycling, hiking and walking holidays.     3    . The greenest rides typically run on electric power. Switzerland is taking the lead with its hybrid buses and trains powered by hydroelectricity; Japan is running close behind.

Choosing a green hotel

Once you are at your destination, if you can get the hotel right, you can make the greatest impact.     4    . Look for a fact sheet online, or call the front desk. You can also search for hotels approved by respected certification programs, such as Green Key and the Global Sustainable Tourism Council.

    5    

The Earth-friendly choices are numerous: You can sail, bike, kayak, bike, swim, bird-watch and play I-spy-a-monkey in a tree. Visit a local food market, and don’t forget to bring a reusable bag for purchases. You can also lend a hand during your holiday. The green movement has changed from how to preserve and protect to how to use less and do good when you’re there.

A．Choosing green travel

B．Choosing green activities

C．Next in line are trains and buses

D．They all make environmental missteps

E．Most major chains operate in-house green program

F．If you plan to drive, consider a fuel-efficient vehicle

G．Follow the tips and watch your footprints turn greener

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A．Cartoon characters.

B．Climate change.

C．Pollution control agreements.

2. What encouraged the man to create Mr. Carbon?

A．His dream of making a movie.

B．His concern about industrial pollution.

C．His disappointment at some governments’ inactivity.

3. What has Mr. Carbon done?

A．He has aroused people’s concern about climate change.

B．He has played a role in a disaster movie.

C．He has made a box office success.

4. What kind of person is Mrs. Green?

A．She is climate-ignorant.

B．She is an energy saver.

C．She is wealthy.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Crows(乌鸦) are remarkably intelligent birds. Now these feathered geniuses are given a job: Six crows have been trained to pick up rubbish in the Puy du Fou historical theme park in western France. Whenever the six crows put cigarette ends or other small     1     (piece) of trash in a special container, it offers a treat to reward the crows     2     their efforts.

The idea came from one of the park’s employees, Christophe. In 2012, the theme park held a show during which the crows picked up roses and brought them to a “princess”. It was the show     3     inspired him. Since then, six crows     4    (raise) and trained to do the same with rubbish. The training system is similar to the one for testing crows’ intelligence,     5     a food dispenser(分发器) gives away a food reward when a crow     6     (correct) performs a task. Christophe also introduced other species of birds to go through the training.     7     (compare) with other birds, crows are much cleverer.

The purpose of     8     (train) the crows is to educate the people to reflect on themselves. Since the birds are able to protect the environment, we need to care about it too. “It is     9     funny way to remind people not     10    (throw) the rubbish everywhere,” said Christophe.

7 . To help the environment, many Americans have made the change from paper and plastic(塑料的) bags to reusable shopping bags. But a report by a Florida newspaper says that reusable shopping bags sold by some supermarkets have high levels of lead (铅), which can be dangerous to humans, especially young children. Now, there's a call for a rethink about the use of reusable shopping bags.

“When our families go to the store looking for safe and healthy foods, the last thing they should be worrying about is a bag,” Charles Schumer, a government official said.“Quick and complete research will allow everyone to make right decisions.”

The newspaper bought more than a dozen bags sold at Publix supermarkets from Florida supermarkets to test them for lead. The results showed that certain bags had lead levels that worried health officials. Some bags had enough lead in them to be considered dangerous waste if people were to throw the bags out with other rubbish. Lead in the bags may not move onto food. But over time, paint on the bags can break off and the bags can wear out. When this happens, lead can be freed.

The bags with the highest levels of lead had beautiful designs and many pictures. Plain（朴实无华的） reusable bags without them are found to have little lead. People worried about lead levels in reusable bags can turn to cloth. Paper bags are also a good choice, since paper can be reused.

1. What worries people now is that reusable shopping bags ________.

A．can't be reused.	B．can be a danger to people.
C．are a waste of money.	D．are as bad as paper bags.

2. Lead in shopping bags will probably come out when ________.

A．the paint is separated from them	B．they are thrown away
C．food is put in them	D．they are put with other rubbish

3. What's the best title for the text?

A．The return of paper bags

B．Time to invent greener shopping bags

C．The harm of lead

D．Be careful with reusable shopping bags

8 . Downing the last drop of an expensive famous brand H₂O as well as remembering to throw the empty bottle in the recycling bin, makes you feel pretty good about yourself, right? It shouldn’t. Even when the bottles are recycled, there are all kinds of other consequences of swallowing bottled water, says Melissa Peffers, the air-quality program manager for Environmental Defense.

The containers are often filled in faraway lands, then shipped from abroad, and stored in refrigerators at your local store. Compare that with the influence on environment of turning on your tap, filling a glass, and drinking up!

Anyone who is choosing bottled water for health reasons is misguided, says Peffers, “Most bottled water is just tap water.” And what comes out of your tap is carefully monitored to follow the strict rules. Consider another fact that bottled water is surprisingly expensive, especially when compared with the alternative, which is almost free, and it is astonishing that America’s desire for bottled water seems impossible to satisfy, reaching nearly 30 billion bottles a year.

“My parents’ generation never had bottled water,” says Isabelle Silverman, an Environmental Defense legal adviser. She has made a commitment to going bottle free. “You don’t need to fetch it home from the store, and it’s cheaper,” she adds.

Bottled water’s role as a status symbol needs to change, Peffers points out. So when a waiter at an expensive restaurant offers “And what’s your drink?” that’s no reason to forget your conviction(信念). “Don’t be afraid to say, ‘I’ll have tap.’ Say it loud enough that the other tables nearby can hear you,” Peffers says. “And then spend that money on a dessert.”

1. In the first paragraph, the underlined sentence “It shouldn’t.” suggest that people _______.

A．shouldn’t feel pleased with finishing the water in the bottle

B．shouldn’t feel good about drinking an expensive brand H2O

C．shouldn’t be content with just recycling empty bottles

D．shouldn’t be satisfied with drinking only bottled water

2. According to the author, tap water is _______.

A．as safe as bottled water

B．morel likely to be polluted

C．healthier than bottle water

D．less convenient than bottled water

3. The underlined part “going bottle free” (in Para. 4) means “_______”.

A．making bottled water free

B．abandoning bottled water

C．recycling use water bottles

D．providing free water containers

4. Why does Peffers ask people to say “I’ll have tap.” loudly?

A．To encourage them to set an example for others to follow.

B．To advise them to save the money for one more dessert.

C．To remind them to be aware of their social status.

D．To persuade them to speak confidently in public.

9 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses （球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.

1. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?

A．Cycling around a lake.

B．Motor racing in the desert.

C．Playing basketball in a gym.

D．Swimming in a sports center.

2. What do we know about golf from the passage?

A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain.

B．It causes water shortages around the world.

C．It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.

D．It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.

3. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because _________.

A．it is an outdoor sport

B．it improves our health

C．it uses fewer resources

D．it is recommended by experts

4. The author writes the passage to _________.

A．show us the function of major sports

B．encourage us to go in for green sports

C．discuss the major influence of popular sports

D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports

10 . Main Types of Water Pollution

When we think of Earth’s water resources, we think of huge oceans, lakes, and rivers.     1     The most obvious type of water pollution affects surface water. For example, a spill from an oil tanker creates an oil layer that can affect a vast area of an ocean.

    2     A great deal of water is held in underground rock structures known as aquifers(含水层). Water stored underground in aquifers is known as groundwater. Aquifers feed our rivers and supply much of our drinking water. They can also become polluted, for example, when weedkillers used in people’s gardens drain into the ground.

Surface water and groundwater are the two types of water resources that pollution affects.     3     If pollution comes from a single location, such as a pipe attached to a factory, it is known as point source pollution.     4     A great deal of water pollution happens not from one single source but from many different sources. This is called nonpoint source pollution.

Sometimes pollution that enters the environment in one place has an effect hundreds or even thousands of miles away.     5     One example is the way radioactive waste travels through the oceans from unclear reprocessing plants in England and France to nearby countries such as Ireland and Norway.

A．Besides, we think of bottled water.

B．This is known as transboundary (跨界的) pollution.

C．Not all of Earth’s water sits on its surface, however.

D．Water resources like these are called surface water.

E．There are also two different ways in which pollution can occur.

F．Pouring oil from your car down a drain can lead to water pollution.

G．Another example of point source pollution is an oil spill from a tanker.