1 . 英语课上，老师要求就 “Protecting wild animals” 进行分组讨论，请你写一篇小组发言稿，内容包括：
1. 保护野生动物的必要性；
2. 保护措施；
3. 发出呼吁。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Located in Erdos, North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Kubuqi Desert is the     1     (close) desert to China’s capital Beijing.

It was once known     2     “the sea of death”. However, in the past 30 years, the government, social organizations and local farmers and herdsmen     3     (work) together to control the desertification in Kubuqi desert.

Historically. Kubuqi was a rich city filled with water and grass. But due to climate change and over-exploitation from humans, the farmlands     4     (final) turned to desert over 2.000 years.

Controlling desertification was the only way out for people still living in Kubuqi. With the first highway going through the desert     5     (build) in 1999. People started planting trees in the whole desert. It was common for planted trees to die. But the next year, people just continued to plant more trees. Their hard work inspired the term “ Kubuqi spirit ”,     6     （ encourage）local people to move forward with great efforts.

Over three decades, tree planting technology saw continuous     7     (develop) in Kubuqi. Now workers can plant a tree in just ten     8     （ second）, and their survival rate is over 80 percent.

The 102,000 residents in the desert have enjoyed the benefits of managing desertification. Meng Keda,     9     family has lived deep in the Kubuqi Desert for generations, began a tourism business in 2006. He had     10     income of 300.000 yuan last year.

3 . Smaller, Greener, Better

During my 15 years as an administrator, I was a no﹣show at scientific conferences. Before that, my go﹣to conferences included Metals in Biology in Ventura, California. This past January, I went back to Ventura after a 15﹣year _______. A lot of things struck me about how things have changed and how some things have stayed the same. One thing that is increasingly on people's minds is the future of scientific meetings.

What has stayed _______ is that a conference of that style, with 200 scientists from around the world, is a vital form for scientific exchange. The participants ranged from graduate students to the pioneers in the field of bioinorganic chemistry. It was interesting to see how far a lot of the science has come. Some fields still have great _______: Even though we know much more about the structures, we still wonder how the O﹣O bond forms in photosystem II(光合体系II).

One thing that has started to change _______ is the increasing number of women and people of color among conference speakers and participants. We are _______ close to solving the equity(公平) problems in science or science meetings, but the change in the _______ and atmosphere of meetings overall after 15 years is encouraging. This trend should continue, and more members should have speaking roles to showcase their science, and maybe small meetings could also require that a few talks be given by postdocs and early career faculty.

When it comes to big meetings, the interchange among scientists _______ is still essential. But it's time for the scientific community to engage in frank talk about the _______ of meetings on the climate. Some conferences have been supporting digital poster sessions to _______ waste, but thousands of folks flying to these meetings is the real problem to focus on. It's time to think creatively about how to reduce the carbon footprint of meetings while ________ ﹣even improving﹣their value.

What if we broke the large meetings into smaller, concurrent(同时发生的) ones at ________ sites where people could gather, sharing the drive or taking the train? Despite the big draw of large meetings, unless you're in the front rows of the big ballrooms where these are held, you're watching the speaker on a screen from the back or even in an overflow room. But in a concurrent sites model,________ conferences could be spread across different sites. This approach would lower the cost of ________ conferences and thereby potentially increase the number and diversity of attendees. A group of graduate students piling into a ________ is much more democratic than having to decide who gets to fly.

Scientific conferences are vital to scientists' collaboration. Continuing to improve them in terms of equity for both the participants and the climate is something we can't stop ________ to do. I volunteer to drive the first van.

1.

A．pause

B．persistence

C．research

D．administration

2.

A．unbelievable

B．unusual

C．unreasonable

D．unchanged

3.

A．breakthroughs

B．mysteries

C．theories

D．pioneers

4.

A．to the contrary

B．in the long run

C．for the better

D．beyond control

5.

A．somewhat

B．rather

C．further

D．nowhere

6.

A．composition

B．style

C．interaction

D．management

7.

A．on the Internet

B．on the surface

C．in person

D．in particular

8.

A．importance

B．focus

C．findings

D．impact

9.

A．end up with

B．cut down on

C．give publicity to

D．lay emphasis on

10.

A．presenting

B．documenting

C．preserving

D．processing

11.

A．academic

B．regional

C．significant

D．environmental

12.

A．major

B．interactive

C．professional

D．different

13.

A．televising

B．attending

C．conducting

D．hosting

14.

A．ballroom

B．playground

C．van

D．plane

15.

A．neglecting

B．proposing

C．discouraging

D．striving

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So since 2007, the city     1     (begin) a plan to improve the situation.

Under the Velib scheme (公共自行车计划), people can take a bicycle, use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half hour is free,     2     if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. It is only 1 a day or 29 a year. The bicycles are as heavy as 25 kilograms, and they’re all grey and have    3    (basket). There are a large number of them in the city, and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations!

Paris isn’t the first city     4     (operate)a scheme like this. Not everybody thinks it’s a great idea. One Parisian (巴黎人) said, “These bicycles are only suitable     5     short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle-they’ll still use their cars.”

A city spokesman said, “The bicycle scheme won’t solve all our traffic problems, but it might work in    6    (reduce) air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes,           7     (be) a big problem. Global warming and dramatic climate changes are becoming more and more serious,     8    is partly because rain-forests are    9    (gradual) disappearing. And it’s also because there’s so much pollution. There aren’t any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead a healthier life. Unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get even       10     (bad).”

5 . The world has a water problem which is simple to understand but not to solve. The amount of water in the world is limited. Water usage in the world has increased during the past 10 years. Usages will continue to increase as the population grows and uses more water. A third of the world’s population lives in countries that have too little water.     1    

It’s strange to think that there is more than enough water available for everyone’s basic needs.     2     Some countries are much drier than others, for example Sudan in Africa. The UN says that people need a minimum of 50 litres of water a day for drinking, washing, cooking and sanitation(卫生). In 1990, over a billion people did not have even that .     3     Water shortages can mean long walks to get water, high prices to buy it, food insecurity and disease from drinking dirty water.

Governments that try to improve water supplies need to think carefully about how to do this. Dams and other large projects now affect 60 percent of world’s largest rivers and provide millions with water.     4    

    5     New technology can help, especially by cleaning up pollution and so making more water usable, and in agriculture, where water use can be made far more efficient. For millions of people around the world, solving the problem is a matter of life and death.

A．So what can help?

B．The rest along major rivers in the world have no worry about water.

C．Unfortunately, it’s poor people who suffer most.

D．By 2025, scientists expect this to increase to two-thirds.

E．It’s just not spread evenly throughout the world.

F．Meanwhile, electricity from these dams can provide people with clean energy.

G．But in many cases, homes and the environment are destroyed as a result.

6 . Throughout history, humanity has existed side-by-side with viruses and bacteria. From the bubonic plague to smallpox, humanity has evolved to resist these bacteria and viruses. However, there are now new ways for them to infect us.

Climate change is melting permafrost(冻土) areas that have been frozen for thousands of years. As the permafrost melts, so too the ancient bacteria and viruses that have been frozen. These ancient bacteria and viruses, which previously lay inactive in the ice, may spring back to life as the earth’s climate warms.

In August 2016, a 12-year-old boy in the Arctic Circle died and at least twenty people there were hospitalized after having been infected by anthrax(炭疽).

Experts studied and concluded that over 75 years ago, a reindeer infected with anthrax died and its body was frozen and trapped under a layer of permafrost. It stayed there, with the disease inactive, until a heatwave in the summer of 2016. The heatwave melted the permafrost and exposed the reindeer body, which then released the infectious pathogen(病原体) into the nearby water and soil, and then into the food supply. More than 2,000 reindeer feeding near the body became infected, which then led to a small number of human cases.

While you may think the incident is isolated to that area, the fact that long-inactive viruses and bacteria might wake up soon due to climate change will affect us all. Pathogenic viruses might be preserved in old permafrost layers, including some that have caused global epidemics in the past.

With climate change, who knows what deadly viruses and bacteria hidden beneath permafrost areas are threatening us. Perhaps it is time for everyone to do their part to stop global warming.

1. What does the underlined “new ways” refer to?

A．Ancient bacteria and viruses came back to life.

B．Bacteria and viruses have evolved into new types.

C．Bacteria and viruses become more resistant to medicine.

D．Ancient bacteria and viruses remain active in frozen permafrost.

2. Which is the right order of the case of anthrax in 2016?
① A 12-year-old boy died and many others were infected.
② Over 2,000 reindeer feeding near the body became infected.
③ The bacteria went into the nearby water, soil, and then food supply.
④ The permafrost melted and the bacteria in the dead reindeer woke up.

A．④ ③ ② ①

B．④ ② ③ ①

C．① ② ④ ③

D．① ③ ④ ②

3. Why does the writer write this text?

A．To introduce an ancient virus, anthrax.

B．To call on people to stop global warming.

C．To encourage people to study ancient viruses.

D．To warn of the danger of melting permafrost.

4. In which section can we most possibly read this text on a website?

A．Geography.

B．Environment.

C．Education.

D．Medicine.

7 . One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away. Rubbish of all kinds is piling up in landfill and polluting our rivers and oceans. A more recent addition to the list of things we chuck away is e-waste — electronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life.

Many millions of tonnes of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded each year, partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we lack the skills to repair them. A UN report claims the 50 million tonnes of e-waste generated every year will more than double to 110 million tonnes by 2050, making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world.

However, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London, which is one of many founded around the world. One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that “this project allows you to reduce waste, extend the life of objects, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault.”

As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting (提取) these materials from electronic gadgets. It’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones typically containing as many as 60 element, this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.

These projects make total sense — collections of e-waste for recycling are “stagnating (停滞不前) or even decreasing” according to Ruediger Kuehr, of the United Nations University And in countries where there is no legislation, much of it just gets dumped. However, the European Union, for example, is trying to tackle the problem by insisting manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for machines for up to 10 years.

1. According to the passage, electronic items are thrown away because ________.

A．they are totally useless

B．we have to recycle them

C．they will pollute our rivers and oceans

D．it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them

2. What is leading to the rise in e-waste?

A．Growing trend for repair events.

B．E-waste generating cleaner energy.

C．Our being hungry for new technology.

D．Mining valuable metals in electrical items.

3. What do we know about e-waste?

A．E-waste used to be the fastest growing waste stream in the world.

B．Tremendous amounts of e-waste are thrown away each year.

C．We can’t find the solution to the problem of c-waste.

D．Land-filling allows us to reduce e-waste.

4. Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Solving the Problem of E-waste

B．How to Stop Damaging Our Planet

C．Saying No to Throwing Away Things

D．How to Collect E-waste for Recycling

8 . STA Travel, the world’s largest students and youth travel agency, beats any price! Every day we’re working with our partners around the world to get you (students, teachers and anyone under 26) the cheapest and most comfortable fights and accommodations. This part of www.statravel.com provides great tips for green travel—how to pack, how to leave your house or apartment, and how to plan for your trips. You’ll also find a great number of green travel adventure (探险) trips to all comers of the world.

Green travel means responsible travel! Leave as little influence as possible on the places you visit and protect the environment both at home and during your trip. Think “Green” when you pack and when you travel. You’ll help prevent long-term effects on the communities you leave and visit!

Here’s some advice on how to do that.

Before you leave

◆Turn your water heater to its lowest setting.

◆Turn off your water from the outside.

◆Pack suitable clothes in your luggage, none of which is to harm the environment.

While you travel

◆Try products made from recycled materials.

◆Don’t buy souvenirs produced from endangered species (物种).

◆Carry a reusable bottle for water and refill it as you go.

◆Use the bathroom in the airport, NOT on the plane. The fuel used for a single flush (冲洗) could run a car for six miles.

1. What do green travelers care most about?

A．Flights.

B．Prices.

C．Pleasure.

D．Nature.

2. What are the readers advised to do during their trip?

A．Use environment-friendly products.	B．Take as much water as possible.
C．Pack as few things as possible.	D．Learn about adventure travel.

3. Where can we most probably read the text?

A．In a travel magazine.	B．On a travel website.
C．On an environmental poster.	D．In an environmental research paper.

9 . 假定你是李华，你的外国笔友David多次听到身边的朋友夸赞中国在环境保护方面所取得的成就。所以，向你来信询问中国的一些具体环保措施，请给他写一封邮件说明，内容包括：
1.感谢外国友人的夸赞；
2.列举中国环保措施；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

10 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The International Horticultural Exhibition(世界园艺博览会) 2019 Beijing opened to the public on Monday at the foot of the Great Wall in the Chinese capital’s Yanqing District. Chinese President Xi Jinping declared the     1     (open) of the Beijing expo on Sunday evening.

Sharing with the world the concept and approach of green development, the expo demonstrates Chinese people’s     2       (determine) and confidence in building a beautiful China and a beautiful world.

The Beijing expo       3     (schedule) between April 29 and Oct.7, lasting 162 days.    4     is the second time that China has held such a horticultural expo. The southwestern Chinese city of Kunming held the horticultural expo in 1999.The Beijing expo has drawn participation of about 110         5     (country) and international organizations as well as more than 120 non-official exhibitors. About 2,500     6     (culture) activities, such as parades and performances of world ethnic cultures, will be held throughout the expo,     7     average of 15 for each day.

Over the past 40 years, China’s forest area and forest stock volume have both doubled and its forest coverage rate     8     (increase) to 21.66 percent. The country is home     9       the world’s largest man-made forest in scale, with a preserved area of 69 million hectares. A recent Boston University study     10     (base) on NASA satellite data shows that China alone accounts for 25 percent of the global net increase in leaf area over the last two decades.