1 . “If you look at where hydrogen is going to be produced in Europe in the next million years, it’s in two countries, Spain and Portugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the founder and president of HyDeal Ambition, an industry platform bringing together 30 companies. “Hydrogen is the new oil.”

Lepercq is working with companies like Spanish gas pipeline corporation Enagas and global steel giant ArcelorMittal to design an end-to-end model for hydrogen production, distribution and supply at a competitive price. Criticism has centered on green hydrogen’s higher cost compared with highly-polluting “gray hydrogen” drawn from natural gas. Lepercq argues that solar energy produced in Spain is priced low enough to compete.

Globally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% of energy consumption. What about the 80% that is not electrified? ... You need to replace those fossil fuels. Not in 50 years’ time. You need to replace them now.”

What can be inferred about green hydrogen in Spain according to Lepercq?

A．It is highly priced.	B．It is easy to store.
C．It is competitive.	D．It is highly-polluting.

3 . But, it doesn’t have to be all bad news. “One major motivation in studying the link between climate change and human-wildlife conflicts is finding solutions,” said Abrahms. “As we learn about specific incidents, we can identify patterns and tends-and come up with interventions(干预) to try to address these conflicts.”

Some interventions maybe as simple as public-awareness campaigns. Governments can also plan forties when extreme climate events will bring people and wild if e into closer contact. “Once you know the root causes of a conflict, you can design interventions to help both people and wildlife,” said Abrahms. “We can change.”

What does Abrahms think of interventions?

A．They are too simple.	B．They are out-of-date.
C．They are changeable.	D．They are beneficial.

7 . The largest living land animal in Asia, Asian elephants once roamed grasslands and rainforests across the continent. Prior to the 1700s, habitats for the now-endangered animals were relatively stable (稳定的). But a new study shows that more than 64% of historic suitable elephant habitat across Asia has been lost.

Researchers found there was a rapid growth in habitat loss of Asian elephants from the year 1700, which is related to the expansion of European colonization (殖民化) of the region. During that time, logging, road-building, resource extraction and deforestation (森林砍伐) increased, and farming need more land that might otherwise have been home to wildlife. The industrial revolution in the middle of the last century also drove greater habitat loss.

Habitat loss means elephants are migrating (迁徙) from their usual living area, creating challenges for human communities that have little experience with elephants. In 2021, millions of people were frightened by a herd of elephants that migrated out of a protected area in China’s southwest Yunnan Province and walked more than 500 kilometers, destroying crops, wandering through towns and causing more than a million dollars’ worth of damage.

With the elephants not having enough habitat, there is increased potential for human-elephant conflict (冲突) — a situation that shouldn’t be accepted as unavoidable and one that can be avoided with proper planning. “We are going to reach a tipping point in which cultures of no conflict toward one another get replaced by cultures of antagonism ( 敌 对) and violence — by both species. We have to relieve this situation,” said Shermin de Silva, a UCSD faculty member who led the research team.

If the elephants can’t find suitable habitats, they will become endangered and near extinction (灭绝), which has an effect on the whole ecosystem. This is because elephants help spread seeds and vegetation cover (植被). Their habitats also include several other species of animals and plants. In the wake of satisfying their need for large spaces, and enough water and food, plenty of other species can survive. When we protect the elephant, we also protect thousands of other species.

1. What do we learn about the migrating elephants?

A．They lost their way home.

B．They enjoyed feeding on crops.

C．They caused many troubles for the locals.

D．They were heading southwest in search of water.

2. What does the underlined word “relieve” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Lessen.

B．Adopt.

C．Bear.

D．Plan.

3. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A．To explain the significance of species diversity.

B．To stress the necessity of protecting elephants.

C．To provide suggestions on restoring elephant habitats.

D．To show the impact of the elephant population on the ecosystem.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．The Past of Asian Elephants

B．Causes of Habitat Loss of Asian Elephants

C．Reasons for Protecting Elephants

D．The Survival Crisis of Asian Elephants

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Beijing is the capital city of China. It     1     (cover) an area of around 17, 000 square kilometers, in which there are different kinds of bird habitats (栖息地),     2     (include) grassland, scrubland (灌木丛林地), wetland, and also agricultural land. Researchers call these areas “service stations,” where migrating (迁徙) birds stop     3     (rest) and feed. But the birds ‘“service stations” re     4     (rapid) closing in Beijing, as the city considers scrubland, grassland and old agricultural land to be “dirty” and “ugly”.

The loss of grassland and scrubland is already having a major influence     5     Beijing’s bird life. In the north of Beijing, the land around Miyun used to be visited by thousands of cranes (鹤). Now, much of that land is covered with man-made forest and     6     number of cranes there has greatly fallen.

“Cranes are rare and valuable animals in China. At Miyun, a festival     7     (hold) to celebrate the migration of cranes every year,” one researcher, Townshend, says. “Because it is Beijing, we can attract many people—both local people     8     visitors.”

“More cooperation (合作) between     9     (country) is needed,” Townshend adds. “Migratory birds are a shared natural heritage (遗产), and with this comes a common     10     (responsible) to protect them and the places they need,” he says.

9 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Who kept the man informed of most related information?

A．The staff.

B．The students.

C．The cleaners.

2. What waste was most commonly seen in the university?

A．The paper copying.

B．The paper cups.

C．The plastic cups.

3. What proportion of interviewees were worried about waste?

A．55%.

B．45%.

C．30%.

4. What does the woman suggest to raise people’s awareness?

A．Putting up a poster.

B．Holding an exhibition.

C．Delivering a lecture.

10 . 你是李华，请根据上面的提示写信给你的朋友Tom介绍我们是如何保护环境和稀有动物的。
注意：
1. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯;
2. 词数80左右。
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