1 . People duck responsibility for reasons ranging from simple laziness or a fear of failure, through to a sense of feeling frightened by the scale of a problem or a situation. Whatever the reason, if people fail to take responsibility, they’ll fail in their jobs, they’ll fail their teams, and they’ll fail to grow as individuals. All of this makes it important to address the issue.

Signs of not being responsible

There are several signs to watch out for. These include:

Lacking interest in their work, and in the well-being of the team

Blaming others for mistakes and failures

Missing deadlines

Avoiding challenging tasks and projects, and not taking risks

Regularly complaining about unfair treatment by team leaders and members and engaging in self-pity

Avoiding being dependent on others for work, advice and instructions

Lacking trust in team members and leaders

Ways to encourage responsibility

Start by talking

Your first step is to talk to the individuals concerned. Are there circumstances that are contributing to the situation, or problems that you can deal with?

Communicate roles, responsibilities and objectives

Your people need to know clearly what their roles and responsibilities are. Ensure that you have an up-to-date job description for each team member, and be as detailed as possible about every responsibility that they have.

Re-engage people

Your people will be more engaged if their work is supported with their values. Talk to them to find out what they are. Then, illustrate how their daily tasks and responsibilities go with those values.

Give plenty of praise

Finally, be sure to give your people plenty of praise when they do take responsibility. And help them improve by providing them with regular, effective and fair feedback.

1. What will happen if John fails to take responsibility?

A．He can complete his jobs.

B．His teams may suffer.

C．His growth will continue.

D．He will lose his life.

2. Which is the sign of John’s irresponsibility?

A．“It’s not my fault.”

B．“I’ll have it completed tomorrow.”

C．“It’s tough, but I can manage it.”

D．“I need resources to solve the problem. ”

3. What will you do first ifyour team members lacks responsibility?

A．Let him know their specific tasks.

B．Get them to find out the values of work.

C．Praise them for their good jobs.

D．Have a chat with him to find out problems.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many young people wants     1     (become) great athletes. They exercise and lift weights in the gym. But the fact is that they don’t become stronger,     2     makes them unhappy.

Therefore, some of them are considering     3     (take) pills, which they think will help them become     4     (strong) than before. However, the truth is that these pills usually have some unintended side     5     (effect). Some of them may even affect     6     (they) liver or heart.     7     fact, some great athletes such as Griffith Joyner, died very young because they     8     (take) some pills.

For the above reasons, I suggest that young people be     9     (care) not to take pills.     10     best way to become stronger is going to a gym to work out.

3 . 事物的发展有其两面性，手机是把双刃剑，它在给我们的生活创造便利条件的同时，也带来了不少不容小觑的隐患。以“Smart Phone”为主题，谈一谈手机的利与弊和你的观点。
要求：
语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范，词数60~80。
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4 . Last week the electricity in my flat went out. I had just got home from work and was ________ making my tea, when all of a sudden the power was off. I was surrounded by complete ________. The lights had gone out, the oven had stopped working and my phone was no longer ________. My flatmates and I tried to ________ it but we soon realised that we couldn’t. We would have to wait for a(n) ________ to come in the morning. This left me a whole night without any ________. My typical evening is spent watching TV and looking through social media. Tonight this wasn’t ________. Due to the lack of lights I couldn’t even read a book. We weren’t prepared with candles or matches. We just rely too much on electricity, expecting that it will ________.

So for me it was an early night to sleep. And I couldn’t help but think, do we ________ electricity too much? That night, losing our electricity felt like losing a basic ________, as basic as running water. But really, electricity is a luxury (奢侈品) that we’ve grown to ________ for granted. I use electricity all the time, even when it’s not really necessary. I use it to ________ my phone when I have to wait for even just a minute, for example when waiting for friends.

Our overuse of electricity is a big ________. It contributes to global warming, which is something that we really should be worried about. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. How would we ________ in a world without electricity? Cutting back on our use of electricity would save energy resources so that they could last for longer. I know ________ that I can cut down on my use of electricity.

1.

A．occasionally

B．happily

C．urgently

D．apparently

2.

A．silence

B．bitterness

C．darkness

D．astonishment

3.

A．calling

B．charging

C．controlling

D．existing

4.

A．set

B．put

C．get

D．fix

5.

A．friend

B．assistant

C．electrician

D．neighbour

6.

A．electricity

B．expectation

C．recognition

D．facility

7.

A．possible

B．frequent

C．important

D．general

8.

A．fail

B．work

C．leave

D．appear

9.

A．look on

B．hold on

C．live on

D．depend on

10.

A．regulation

B．necessity

C．intensity

D．system

11.

A．take

B．make

C．control

D．become

12.

A．keep

B．check

C．read

D．search

13.

A．challenge

B．temptation

C．question

D．problem

14.

A．survive

B．succeed

C．supply

D．sacrifice

15.

A．after all

B．at times

C．for sure

D．with ease

5 . I don’t usually watch TV at night. Last Thursday night, I finished my homework early and _________to watch TV for half an hour. To my surprise, there was a wonderful _________.

The program was about food waste (食品浪费). It asked cooks (厨师) to make meals from food that people threw away (扔掉). The cooks went to _________to find food. They found lots of bread. The bread was three days old but was _________very good. At some street markets they found bananas and strawberries. The _________was a little brown, but it was OK to eat!

From the program, I learned how much food people throw away every week. It is _________. We waste so much food because we _________so much and we can’t eat it all! The program also showed that some farmers throw away a lot of their vegetables because they aren’t the right _________for the shops!

People don’t want carrots when they are very big or very small, _________ the farmers throw them away or give them to pigs!

The program showed people that food waste is a big problem. We must __________food waste together. From now on, I will eat everything in the fridge (冰箱).

1.

A．waited

B．helped

C．decided

2.

A．activity

B．program

C．competition

3.

A．libraries

B．museums

C．supermarkets

4.

A．still

B．only

C．ever

5.

A．meat

B．fruit

C．cake

6.

A．terrible

B．difficult

C．expensive

7.

A．buy

B．pay

C．use

8.

A．price

B．color

C．size

9.

A．but

B．so

C．if

10.

A．save

B．share

C．fight

6 . There are many people in the world now. There will be even _________ people later this century. The earth will he crowded and there will be very little room _________ each person. Maybe there will be only _________ room on the earth in 600 years. That will be a very serious problem, so man is taking some _________ to solve the _________.

The moon is the satellite of the earth. Maybe man will go to live on the moon one day. _________, Americans and Chinese have _________ there. But there is no air, no plants, and no life. So _________ are doing experiments in many ways. They will find _________ to these problem __________ man can live on the moon. I’m sure our dream will come true by the end of this century.

1.

A．more

B．most

C．less

D．better

2.

A．to

B．at

C．with

D．for

3.

A．standing

B．sitting

C．sleeping

D．doing

4.

A．measures

B．medicines

C．policies

D．tools

5.

A．puzzle

B．accident

C．question

D．problem

6.

A．Greece

B．Japanese

C．Englishmen

D．Russians

7.

A．be

B．is

C．reached

D．was

8.

A．farmers

B．teachers

C．workers

D．scientists

9.

A．cases

B．solutions

C．roots

D．tickets

10.

A．so

B．after

C．since

D．but

7 . The Oxford Word of the Year 2022 winner may surprise you. The winning phrase was “goblin mode (哥布林模式)” — a type of behavior often seen as lazy. People who are in goblin mode tend to reject social expectations, such as usual gatherings.

This is not necessarily a bad thing, however. US language expert Ben Zimmer commented that the lifestyle means that “people are looking at social norms in new ways”. Many young people worldwide go “goblin mode” seeking to make peace with their true selves. Without pretty covers like digital editing, we are not always the perfect image that we tend to present to others. Staying true to ourselves, however, doesn’t mean that we must avoid troubles. Bilibili, a leading video platform, announced that elegance was the bullet comment (弹幕) of the year. It refers to the graceful and stylish manners. And traditionally, the word is more often used to describe people of higher social classes. But now, young people in China are using the word to emphasize an ability to control and balance life for ordinary people. From bravely facing troubles in life to sharing delightful moments and spreading joy, elegance is no longer a privilege. Rather, it is our positive attitude to life-that we will stay calm and strong no matter what life brings-that is most important.

Take pandemic as an example, it’s a topic that we cannot ignore. Three years into the pandemic, we are gradually letting go of our fears about it. It will likely not end dramatically, but rather result in coexistence between humans and the virus. Our life may never be the same as before the pandemic, but it doesn’t have to be. Video chats, online meetings and classes. We are closer than ever to connecting digitally with each other on a new level. It’s time to face new opportunities and challenges in the year ahead. And remember: we have made it through the pandemic — is there anything that we cannot overcome?

1. What may people with “goblin mode” do?

A．They may seek a fancy lifestyle.	B．They may present a perfect image.
C．They may post edited photographs.	D．They may accept what they are.

2. What’s the real elegance according to young people?

A．It’s a quality owned by people of higher social status.

B．It’s a privilege only shared and valued by rich people.

C．It’s a positive attitude towards ups and downs in life.

D．It’s an ability to spread graceful and stylish manners.

3. The author introduces “real elegance” probably________

A．to inform us the importance of it.	B．to urge us to face challenges bravely.
C．to push us to pursue higher status.	D．to advise us to ignore pandemic.

4. Which of the following saying can be applied to the last paragraph?

A．Every cloud has a silver lining.	B．He who laughs last laughs best.
C．Where there is a will, there is a way.	D．Fear always springs from ignorance.

8 . Do you ever feel guilty for relaxing, even after you’ve worked hard all day? Do you feel like you should be doing more despite working full hours and nearing burnout? You may be experiencing productivity dysmorphia (生产力畸形). It is a way to describe the feeling of failing to recognize your accomplishments and wanting to continue doing more, even when you’re running on fumes.

Author Anna Codrea-Rado who wrote an article about productivity dysmorphia claimed “it is the pursuit of productivity that drives us to do more while robbing us of the ability to enjoy any success we might encounter along the way”.

Highly competitive and job-led culture contribute to constantly pursuing productivity that eats away at other areas of life. In fact, you’re often praised for putting productivity above your well-being. Remember how schools rewarded perfect attendance? Similarly, companies prefer employees who get the maxi-mum work done while taking the fewest possible breaks. Rewards like these have strengthened that rest is bad and that being constantly at work is the right thing to do.

Plus, the problem isn’t that the boss tells them to do it, but rather that they internalize the need to always be productive even when they’re going some-where to enjoy leisure time. Habits like these may be born out of the social pressure to find self-worth in work achievements.

Some writers have even begun describing rest as productive, as if people should stop relaxing if it doesn’t improve performance in some way. Not only does this mindset make it difficult to view and celebrate your achievements, but it also pushes you to build your entire life around work. The only milestones that matter are achieving work goals. The worst part? There’s no sense of fulfillment when you reach these goals.

1. What do the underlined words “running on fumes” mean in Paragraph 1?

A．Tired.

B．Excited.

C．Satisfied.

D．Disappointed.

2. Which is the reason for constantly pursuing productivity?

A．Minor competitiveness.	B．Pressure from jobs.
C．Instructions from the boss.	D．Internalized needs.

3. Which may be an example of productivity dysmorphia?

A．A man completes work in working hours.	B．A man enjoys leisure time with his family.
C．A woman works everywhere at anytime.	D．A woman stops for a relaxation regularly.

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the description of some writers?

A．Favorable.

B．Negative.

C．Unconcerned.

D．Neutral.

9 . Many adults in South Korea have chosen either not to have children or not to marry. A South Korean government agency announced in September that the total fertility rate reached 0. 81 last year. The total fertility rate is the average number of babies born to each woman in their reproductive years. South Korea⁵s fertility rate has been the world’s lowest for three years now.

The population decreased for the first time in 2021. It raised concerns for severe damage to the economy. Some observers expect labor shortages and high spending on retirement payments as the number of older people increases while the number of taxpayers decreases. President Yoon Suk Yeol has ordered policymakers to find better ways to deal with the problem. The fertility rate, he said, is still decreasing although South Korea spent $ 210 billion over the past 16 years to increase it.

Many young South Koreans say that they don’t want to have a family. Reasons some say for not having children include: a difficult job market, costly housing, inequality between the sexes, and social inequality. The high cost of raising children in a competitive society is also a reason. Some women say men expect them to do much of the childcare while they face discrimination at work.

Lee So-Young is a population policy expert at the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. She said, “People think our country isn’t an easy place to live.” And she added, “They believe their children can’t have better lives than them.” Choi Yoon Kyung is an expert at the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. She said many people who fail to enter good schools and get good jobs feel they have become “dropouts” who “cannot be happy”.

South Korea has been offering different incentives (刺激) and support programs for those who give birth to many children. But Choi said the fertility rate has been falling too fast to see any real effects.

1. Why does the author mention the number in paragraph 1?

A．To present a fact.	B．To explain a rule.
C．To clarify a concept.	D．To make a comparison.

2. What could be a result of low fertility rate?

A．More citizens fail to be happy.

B．Retirement payment falls down.

C．People have to pay higher taxes.

D．Less people are available for work.

3. Which is a cause of the decreasing fertility rate in South Korea?

A．The gender equality.

B．The loss of government support.

C．The ever increasing life pressure.

D．The high expectation of children.

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．The rising stress among young South Koreans.

B．The government^ effort to improve fertility rate.

C．The continuous low fertility rate in South Korea.

D．The severe economic damage of less new-born babies.

10 . Mark it in your calendars now, so you don’t show up to work an hour early on Monday. Daylight saving time ends on the first Sunday of November every year in Canada. Most Canadians will turn their clocks back an hour, giving adults an extra hour of sleep and making the next couple of weeks a bit unpleasant for parents of young children. Those living in Yukon, most of Saskatchewan, and some parts of B.C. and Quebec don’t have to do anything, as they stay on standard time year-round.

Daylight saving time was first proposed in 1895 by New Zealand entomologist George Hudson. He proposed the change because it would allow him more daylight hours to find and inspect insects. The first documented cases of daylight saving being adopted in the world happened right here in Canada. The small towns of Port Arthur and Fort William—which would eventually merge to become Thunder Bay, Ont.—adopted daylight saving on May 1, 1908. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary were the first international countries to enact daylight saving time in 1916, as a way to save coal and fuel during the First World War.

The changing of the clocks has been a topic of debate in Canada for many years, with provincial politicians in Alberta, B. C. and Ontario wanting to scrap the century-old practice. Ontario tabled and unanimously passed a private member’s bill called the Time Amendment Act in 2020. Alberta had a referendum on the idea to rid it last year, and just over half of those who voted wanted to keep daylight saving time.

The idea behind the clock shift is to maximize sunlight in the Northern Hemisphere, as days start to lengthen in the spring and then fade in the fall. But the benefits of this change are controversial, and the shift can have measurable impacts on health. Canadian researchers warn that daylight saving, and switching the clocks twice a year, can contribute to a phenomenon known as “social jet lag,” where people suffer from disrupted sleep and sleep debt, mental and physical fatigue, and more.

1. What can we learn about daylight saving time in Canada?

A．It always gives adults an extra hour of sleep.

B．It ends on the first Sunday every November.

C．Most Canadians will turn their clocks forward an hour.

D．People living in Yukon need to change their clock time.

2. Why did George Hudson propose daylight saving time?

A．Because he wanted to save fossil energy.

B．Because he wanted to make it a documented case.

C．Because he attempted to carry it out in Thunder Bay, Ont.

D．Because he attempted to spend more time on insect inspection.

3. What do the underlined word “scrap” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Improve.

B．Begin.

C．Cancel.

D．Evaluate.

4. According to the last paragraph, what impact may the clock shift have?

A．To lift one’s spirits.	B．To increase productivity.
C．To cause sleeping problems.	D．To decrease sufferings.