1 . Every year around August, millions of teens take their parents to stores to buy new clothes for the start of the school year. Not every parent can afford this, and some teens are forced to go to school in the same clothes they wore last year. The obvious differences in clothes cause differences among students. There is a simple solution to this problem; school uniforms (校服).
I know from personal experience and surveys that wearing uniforms creates a sense of equality among peers (同龄人).
From sixth grade until I graduated from senior high school, I attended a school that required students to wear uniforms. The uniform was very simple: dark brown shoes, green-brown pants, and a white shirt. The uniform left little room for any kind of self-expression, especially through clothes.
However, I learned how to stand out by expressing myself through my personality, art, and sports. I did not know I could draw until the sixth grade. I also would never have learned of my musical abilities if it hadn’t been for my desire to find ways to express myself. Uniforms taught me that I was myself, except what I wore.
Uniforms also contribute to a much safer learning environment. I remember a particular event that happened in my junior high school. A man ran away from prison and wanted to hide in the gym of our school. Luckily, cameras all over the school quickly found the stranger before any danger could ever happen as he was out of place. School officials kept the man locked inside our gym until the police came to take him back to prison.
Uniforms help provide a better educational experience for all students no matter what race, culture, or economic class (经济阶层). In closing, wearing uniforms is good for both schools and students.
1. How does the author introduce the topic?| A．By explaining a basic rule. |
| B．By challenging others’ views. |
| C．By describing a common problem. |
| D．By sharing his parents’ experience. |
| A．Uniforms should be more modern. |
| B．Uniforms can help shape better students. |
| C．Uniforms are popular with students. |
| D．Uniforms are bad for self-development. |
| A．Dressing differently. | B．Standing straight. |
| C．Running fast. | D．Breathing heavily. |
| A．To record his high school life. |
| B．To show his supportive view towards uniforms. |
| C．To ask students to like what they wear. |
| D．To introduce high school uniforms. |
2 . Does using an eco-friendly paper straw (吸管) give you a good feeling because you’re doing something for the environment? “Straws made from plant-based materials, such as paper and bamboo, are often advertised as being more sustainable and eco-friendly than those made from plastic,” says researcher Dr. Thimo Groffen, an environmental scientist at the University of Antwerp. “However, the presence of PFAS in these straws means that could be discredited.”
PFAS chemicals, infamous for their longevity and potential harm, can adversely affect humans, wildlife and the environment. They biodegrade (生物降解) very slowly over time and can persist over thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”. They are linked to various health issues, including thyroid disease, liver damage, kidney cancer and so on. Furthermore, these chemicals are used in everyday items, such as outdoor clothing and non-stick pans, to make them water and heat-resistant.
For a more in-depth analysis, the research team purchased 39 different brands of drinking straws made from five materials — paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic, and then conducted two rounds of testing for PFAS. They found that most brands (69%) contained PFAS, with 18 different PFAS detected in total. In paper straws, PFAS was detected in 90% of the brands tested. PFAS was also detected in 80% of brands of bamboo straws, 75% of plastic straw brands and 40% of glass straw brands. They were not detected in any of the five types of steel straws tested.
“The presence of PFAS in paper and bamboo straws shows they are not necessarily biodegradable,” says Dr. Groffen. “We did not detect any PFAS in stainless steel straws, so I would advise consumers to use this type of straw — or just avoid using straws.”
The PFAS concentrations (浓度) were low and, considering that most people only use straws occasionally, pose a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time. “Small amounts of PFAS, while not harmful in themselves, can add to the chemical load already present in the body,” Dr. Groffen concludes.
1. What does the underlined word “discredited” in paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．Plain. | B．Relevant. |
| C．Doubtful. | D．Forceful. |
| A．They are resistant to water and heat. |
| B．They take a long time to break down. |
| C．They exist widely in daily necessities. |
| D．They may cause various common diseases. |
| A．PFAS was found in all five types of straws. |
| B．Paper straws were most likely to contain PFAS. |
| C．Stainless steel straws are harmless to human health. |
| D．Glass straws were the most environmentally friendly straws. |
| A．To stress the potential risks of PFAS. |
| B．To show approaches to using straws safely. |
| C．To present the advantages of stainless steel straws. |
| D．To appeal to consumers to avoid using straws in daily life. |
3 . It is a cold November evening and I am sitting at the top of a tall stepladder in a village hall. On the floor. 16 dogs stare up at me curiously. They are arranged in a square, four by four. I watch through the viewfinder of my x video camera. This. I think to myself, could make me famous.
I hadn’t thought up the idea myself—it all came about at the request of my editor. “We want you to write about viral video”, he had told me a couple of weeks earlier, “Go and find out why some videos go viral. What makes people share them?” It sounded straightforward enough. He sent me a link to Chcirlie Bit My Finger, a video of a baby biting his little brother. It is currently YouTube’s most watched video of all that time. “I want you to make your own viral and become internet famous.” he said. “If this can get 135 million hits, you can do it too.”
To better understand what makes people share videos. I turned to Judith Donath of MIT, who studies online social networks. She argues that the factors driving people to share stuff over the web are not that different from the reasons apes pick bugs out of each other’s fur: it’s a way of establishing social bonds. Other researchers have argued that in human societies, language—especially gossip—has taken on the social function of such grooming. Sharing videos through email or within social networks is just the next step, Donath argues. “Sharing online is equivalent to small talk,“‘ she says. ”It’s a little gift of information. It shows I’m thinking of you.’’
Video sharing is also a way of making a statement. “In addition, people use videos as a way of showing their position in the ‘information-technology ecology’,” Donath says. “A video reflects on the person who sends it.” In other words, people will pass on a video if they think it’s cool—because it makes them look cool too. I have friends and colleagues who are cool, so I quizzed them for inspiration. Eventually, we hit upon a winning idea. I called it Pets Teach Science. The aim is to demonstrate tricky concepts ranging from quantum physics to chemical structure with the help of man’s best friend and other furry companions.
1. The writer is on a ladder at the beginning of the passage because________.| A．some dogs are watching him from below | B．he is being filmed with some animals |
| C．he is trying to make a special type of video | D．he is observing people making a film |
| A．To make them both famous. |
| B．To get a film of some rare dogs. |
| C．To investigate the success of video-sharing websites. |
| D．To discover the reasons for some videos’ popularity. |
| A．using small talk |
| B．sharing stuff on the web |
| C．looking after each other like animals do |
| D．establishing social networks through gossiping |
| A．To entertain their friends. | B．To give them a good image. |
| C．To use videos as a statement. | D．To practice their technical skills. |
Moutai-Luckin coffee partnership sells 5.42m cups on launch day
The team-up between China’s top liquor maker Kweichow Moutai and coffee chain Luckin Coffee
The coffee drink,
Topics such as ”Young people’s first sip of Moutai“ or ”No drunk driving“ have gone crazy online, attracting more consumers
The well-known brand Moutai has definitely pushed up the heat of the
It is not the first time that alcoholic brands in China
5 . Imagine being able to go to your local park and pick some tomatoes, potatoes or even bananas to take home for dinner. Sounds too good to be true, right? For residents of Andernach, a German city, it’s not just a Utopian dream — it’s their reality. In 2010, Andernach began its “edible city” project, planting 101 varieties of tomatoes in public green spaces around the city centre. Its 30,000 residents are free to help themselves to whatever grows, as are any other visitors. Every year a new type of plant is introduced. In 2011, 100 types of beans were planted, while 2012 saw the introduction of 20 onion varieties. The town’s motto (座右铭) is, “Picking is encouraged — help yourself!”
It’s a community effort, as local citizens are encouraged to help plant and maintain the gardens. This offers an opportunity to socialize as well as to learn about planting, cultivating and harvesting food. “I often drop by to pick some herbs that I’m missing at home. Everything is easily accessible. There aren’t any fences. You just take what you need. The only thing is you have to be quick once the fruits are ripe or they’ll all be gone!” said a local historian.
Andernach may be the first, but it isn’t the only edible city. It’s part of the Edible Cities Network, an EU-funded project connecting green urban food initiatives (倡议) around the world. Other edible cities include Carthage in Tunisia, Havana in Cuba and Šempeter-Vrtojba in Slovenia. In February 2022, the first Edible Cities Network Conference took place. Dr. Ina Säumel, Principal Investigator of the Edible Cities Network, called it, “a unique opportunity to invite researchers and practitioners (从业人员) of Edible City Solutions to the same table and unite theory with practice”.
Ultimately, the Edible Cities Network aims to create “greener, more edible and, above all, more livable cities”. It is a response to the pressures of climate change, and a cause for hope.
1. What is paragraph 1 mainly about?| A．The process of Andernach’s growth. |
| B．The green food project in Andernach. |
| C．Methods of planting vegetables in Europe. |
| D．The popularity of Andernach’s city design. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Indifferent. |
| C．Positive. | D．Negative. |
| A．Green urban food has drawn more attention. |
| B．German rural areas will follow the trend too. |
| C．Asia will join the Edible Cities Network soon. |
| D．Edible cities hold meetings on a regular base. |
| A．Start a Green Food Campaign Now |
| B．Gain Easy Access to German Food |
| C．Quick Response to Climate Change |
| D．An Incredible “Edible City” Initiative |
6 . Recently I attended several meetings where we talked about ways to retain students and keep younger faculty members from going elsewhere.
It seems higher education has become an industry of meeting-holders whose task is to “solve” problems-real or imagined. And in my position as a professor at three different colleges, the actual problems in educating our young people and older students have deepened, while the number of people hired-not to teach but to hold meetings-has increased significantly. Every new problem creates a new job for an administrative fixer. Take our Center for Teaching Excellence. Contrary to its title, the center is a clearing house (信息交流中心) for using technology in classrooms and in online courses. It’s an administrative sham (of the kind that has multiplied over the last 30 years.
I offer a simple proposition in response: Many of our problems-class attendance, educational success, student happiness and well-being-might be improved by cutting down the bureaucratic mechanisms and meetings and instead hiring an army of good teachers. If we replaced half of our administrative staff with classroom teachers, we might actually get a majority of our classes back to 20 or fewer students per teacher. This would be an environment in which teachers and students actually knew each other.
The teachers must be free to teach in their own way-the curriculum should be flexible enough so that they can use their individual talents to achieve the goals of the course. Additionally, they should be allowed to teach, and be rewarded fordoing it well. Teachers are not people who are great at and consumed by research and happen to appear in a classroom. Good teaching and research are not exclusive, but they are also not automatic companions. Teaching is an art and a craft, talent and practice; it is not something that just anyone can be good at. It is utterly confusing to me that people do not recognize this, despite the fact that pretty much anyone who has been a student can tell the difference between their best and worst teachers.
1. What does the author say about present-day universities?| A．They are effectively tackling real or imagined problems. |
| B．They often fail to combine teaching with research. |
| C．They are over-burdened with administrative staff. |
| D．They lack talent to fix their deepening problems. |
| A．Good classroom teachers. | B．Efficient administrators. |
| C．Talented researchers. | D．Motivated students. |
| A．They facilitate students’ independent learning. | B．They help students form closer relationships. |
| C．They have more older students than before. | D．They are much bigger than is desirable. |
| A．It requires talent and practice. |
| B．It is closely related to research. |
| C．It is a chief factor affecting students’ learning. |
| D．It can be acquired through persistent practice. |
7 . At lunchtime recently, Sha Jinyuan, 22, sent a WeChat message to her meal partner, or fandazi, asking, “What to eat?” After her partner replied with “don’t know”, Sha said, “Let’s just go! ”
Are these two people friends? No, they are dazi, or activity partners for specific pursuits, such as playing games, taking classes, traveling, or hiking and camping. Dazi now refers to a new kind of social connection with the aim of pursuing shared interests, rather than developing lasting friendships.
Early last month, a study of 1,335 people conducted by China Youth Daily’s social survey center found that72.6% said they had one or more dazi. More than half of them said they go for meals with a dazi, while over 30% seek dazi for sports, travel, learning and playing games. More than 20% have dazi for shopping or walking their children.
The survey carried out last month found that young people seek dazi to share similar interests, to accompany them or share costs, expand their social circle, and to motivate, monitor and help one another. Some young people search for dazi because their lives are too fast-paced and their social circles too small.
Xu Kun, an expert at the 12355 hotline for youth psychological counseling (咨询) and legal aid in Dalian, said: “Young people enjoy doing things together. With less responsibility and pressure, the two people concerned get along more easily. “This is why young people these days are enthusiastic about fonning dazi circles,” Xu said.
“A dazi relationship not only meets young people’s social needs, but also reduces the basic costs in terms of time, energy and emotion required to keep a close relationship,” Xu added. In this new kind of relationship, less responsibility gives people more freedom, but may also cause some problems. After all, dazi circle is quite different from real friendship, as some experts pointed out.
1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?| A．To state a fact. | B．To show a conversation. |
| C．To raise a question. | D．To introduce the topic. |
| A．By telling stories. | B．By showing data. |
| C．By giving examples. | D．By making comparison. |
| A．Because they have no time to find real friends. |
| B．Because their social circles are too small for them. |
| C．Because dazi requires less responsibility and offers more freedom. |
| D．Because dazi can give them a hand whenever they need help. |
| A．How to turn dazi into real friends. |
| B．What problems dazi circles may bring about. |
| C．Whether this new relationship will last or not. |
| D．Why so many people prefer forming dazi circles. |
8 . The Global Food Donation Policy Atlas has issued a recent report in order to recommend ways to increase food donations, reduce food waste, and fight hunger, which may help Kenyan leaders meet 2030 food waste reduction goals.
Food donation can reroute eatable food—that would otherwise give off greenhouse gasses in a landfill—to those experiencing hunger. According to the Famine Early Warning Systems Network, 3.5 million Kenyans, roughly 37 percent of the population, face severe hunger. At the same time, the Policy Atlas reports roughly 40 percent of food produced within Kenya goes to waste. But Broad Leib, Deputy Director of Harvard Law School Food Law and Policy Clinic (FLPC), sees some promising changes. “While progress is not happening as quickly as needed, Kenya’s food loss index has been steadily reduced from 1,744 metric tons in 2017, to 1,531 in 2018, to 1,446 metric tons in 2019, indicating a steady improvement and national commitment to food loss reduction,” reports Broad Leib.
According to the Policy Atlas, motivating food donation with rewards is particularly important, which helps food donors and food recovery organizations make up for costs necessary for recovery, storing, processing, and transporting food for donation.
“A major driver of food waste is inconsistent or unclear date labels that cause confusion among all actors along the value chain and limit the ability of businesses to donate food. This increases the likelihood that much safe food will go to waste,” Broad Leib tells Food Tank. However, he acknowledges Kenya’s current dual (双的) date labeling laws. While food may lose its freshness over time, it is still eatable before expiration (到期). Dual date labeling on packaged foods reduces bewilderment by defining dates for both safety and quality. This helps reduce considerable waste and responsibility for donors.
Broad Leib believes that the private sector can also play a significant role in decreasing food waste in Kenya. It is vital for consumer education campaigns. FLPC’s research shows that public-private initiatives can help raise awareness among consumers and donors around issues of food waste and food donation.
1. What changes does Broad Leib see?| A．People in Kenya no longer suffer hunger. |
| B．Kenya has gradually reduced its food waste. |
| C．Kenya is not committed to reducing food loss. |
| D．Progress in reducing food waste is happening quickly. |
| A．Sadness. | B．Convenience. | C．Confusion. | D．Emotion. |
| A．By increasing storehouses. |
| B．By fighting hunger with rewards. |
| C．By reducing food produced within the country. |
| D．By using double date labeling on packaged food. |
| A．Consumer education campaigns are the most important. |
| B．Only the private sector is helpful in reducing food waste. |
| C．Private and public joint efforts matter around food issues. |
| D．Broad Leib doesn’t agree with FLPC on food waste reduction. |
9 . Before this COVID-19 pandemic, family vacations were simple. They consisted of a trip to Disneyworld, a week at a resort, or perhaps a booking on a cruise line that every family member was excited about, The only thing many had to worry about was forgetting the passports or a child forgetting the toothbrush or losing the favorite toy somewhere between the airport and the hotel. Now, the days of vacations look completely different and for those who have taken one during the pandemic, many things have changed.
Many families have routine (例行的) vacations that they take every year and this year. But due to the pandemic, many vacations didn’t happen as planned, So, vacations were put on the back burner and weren’t taken until much later in the year and for many people, change in their work lives allowed this. With more parents working from home and more kids taking part in homeschooling at home, families found going on vacation became much easier without the physical need to be somewhere else. This was also the year that many people remembered that they’re surrounded by nature. Rather than booking the typical vacation to the most-visited destinations or popular theme parks， many people-families especially-chose the lesser-crowded destinations. This meant that more families chose vacation activities such as camping, preferring to connect with nature rather than walk the busy streets. This also meant that vacation rentals (租用的房屋或汽车、设备等) were up in popularity and even in popular destinations, such as beach towns, The possibility of small crowds didn’t stop some families due to the fact that they rented the whole place.
It now looks like these changes might be here to stay, at least for some time longer, before the world returns to a state of normality.
1. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph?| A．To reach a conclusion. |
| B．To make a comparison. |
| C．To introduce a new topic |
| A．Completely ruined. |
| B．Out of the question. |
| C．Put aside for the time being. |
| A．They preferred to take part in physical activities. |
| B．They wanted to avoid the crowds while travelling |
| C．They made careful preparation before the vacation |
| A．They may continue into the future. |
| B．They’ll bring families closer together. |
| C．They might not last longer than expected. |
10 . In the rush of day-to-day life, we don’t always have the time to slow down and move at our own speed. Even on vacation, we always try to visit, do and taste as many things as possible in a new place or many places.
“I’ve heard countless times how tired people are when they come back from their vacation and feel like they ‘need a vacation from their vacation,’ and that’s because many times we pack so much into a very short time,” said travel blogger Esther Susag. “We want to see everything, do everything, and not waste a minute.
There is, however, another method that many experienced travelers suggest: slow travel. But what exactly is slow travel, and how do you take full advantage of this kind of trip? Below ,travel experts break it down.
As the name suggests, slow travel generally needs travelers to slow down and enjoy each moment, rather than rushing to check off the list items. “Slow travel may mean different things to different travelers, but I define (定义) it as staying in one place for longer and going deeper into the local culture,” said Paul Jacobs, general manager and vice president of Kayak North America. “It’s taking the time to make real connections with locals instead of packing a schedule full of tours.”
For travel expert and author La Carmina, slow travel allows people to stop and smell the roses-quite directly. “It’s about being fully present in the moment and experiencing the sights, sounds and sensations (感觉) around you completely “letting the experience develop at its own speed and without expectations,” she said. “To me, slow travel doesn’t have a strict definition or certain things to do, but rather focuses on the feeling of being a visitor to a place.”
Slow travel is becoming more and more popular now, because it can do good to us in many ways.
1. Why are people tired when they return from their vacation?| A．They have no place to rest. |
| B．They are on a busy schedule when traveling. |
| C．They travel to some places far away. |
| D．They feel quite excited and enjoy their trip fully. |
| A．It can let travelers experience the place deeply. |
| B．It can make travelers save a lot of money. |
| C．It can allow travelers to explore more places. |
| D．It can save travelers much more time. |
| A．Other ways of travel. |
| B．The definition of slow travel. |
| C．The proper places for slow travel. |
| D．The advantages of slow travel. |
| A．Life. | B．Society. | C．Sports. | D．Education. |
