Recently, my college degree has just been completed. The last project was called “Smile”. The class was asked to go out to smile at three people and write down their reactions. I am a very friendly person and always smile at everyone and say hello anyway. So, I thought this would be a piece of cake.
My husband, the youngest son and I went out to McDonald. We were standing in line when all of a sudden everyone around us began to back away. As I turned around, an unpleasant body smell came to my nose and two poor homeless men stood just behind me. As I looked at the short blue-eyed gentleman closest to me, he was “smiling”. The second man fumbled (摸索) with his hands as he stood behind his friend.
The young lady at the counter asked him what they wanted. He said, “Coffee is all, Miss.” because that was all they could afford.
Then I really felt it-I embraced (拥抱) the little man with the blue eyes. That is when I noticed all eyes in the restaurant were set on me, judging my every action. I smiled and asked two more breakfast meals and gave them to the men.
The blue-eyed gentleman looked up at me, with tears in his eyes, and said, “Thank you.” I turned in my project. My teacher said, “Can I share this?” I slowly nodded as she got the attention of the class. She began to read and that is when I knew that we as human beings share this need to make people happy and to be made happy.
In my own way I had touched the people at McDonald’s and every soul that heard the story in the classroom. But I graduated with one of the biggest lessons I would ever learn.
1. The underlined part “a piece of cake” in Paragraph 1 means ______.A.comfortable | B.embarrassing | C.moving | D.easy |
A.Because they were very polite to the two men. |
B.Because the two men smelt terrible. |
C.Because they were moved by the two men. |
D.Because the two men seemed unfriendly. |
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
B.Nothing is difficult to a willing heart. |
C.Helping others can bring pleasure to many people. |
D.Don’t judge people according to their appearance. |
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【推荐1】The bride is 97. The groom is 98. The couple has been married for 77 years, and thanks to some very special people, they were finally treated to some very special wedding memories they missed out on all those years ago.
The Kings are just like family to the staff of the St. Croix Hospice who serve as caretakers for the elderly pair in their Oelwein, Idaho home. With a big anniversary coming up, their caregivers wanted to do something special to celebrate the occasion and knowing something of the couple’s history, they came up with a perfect plan.
When Frankie and Royce King took their vows(誓言)on September 16, 1944, the world was a very different place. The simple church ceremony was small and short. Rather than a lace gown (蕾丝长裙), Frankie wore a suit. There was no photographer on hand to record the vows.
While Frankie and Royce’s wedding lacked splendor(壮观), their life together has more than made up for it. Two kids, four grandkids, and several great-grandkids later, the Kings’ marriage is still going strong.
On their anniversary, as one staff member played Big-Band era tunes on his saxophone and another took photos, Frankie, dressed in a lovely1940s-era wedding gown, was led through a flower-covered archway to where Royce was waiting for her. By the time the big wedding cake was served, there wasn’t a dry eye in the house.
Photographer Hilary Michelson said, “I work for St. Croix Hospice full-time while doing photography in my spare time. I am passionate about both of my jobs and it made my heart so incredibly full to see them embracing each other.”
The Kings’ daughter, Sue Bilodeau, is now putting together a photo album of cherished memories for them. “It was definitely one of the most special things ever,” she said. “When Mom mentioned she didn’t have time to plan a big wedding and didn’t have a photographer, the St. Croix staff members worked together to make sure they could get their special day.”
1. What did the staff of the St. Croix Hospice decide to do for the Kings?A.Help them recall their wedding memories. |
B.Take good care of them as family members. |
C.Write something about the couple's history. |
D.Celebrate their wedding anniversary like a real wedding. |
A.It seemed to be the perfect plan. |
B.It was simple and held in a small church. |
C.It was followed by the couple’s long separation. |
D.It had only one photographer to record their vows. |
A.They were all in tears. |
B.They applauded loudly. |
C.They were busy taking pictures of the couple. |
D.They stopped doing everything and watched. |
I approached the tree to look at it closely. There was nothing remarkable about the shape of the tree. It was a medium-sized maple. But Mrs. Gargan had been right about its colors. Like the mess of an artist’s palette(调色板), the tree blazed a bright crimson(深红色)on its lower branches and burned with vivid yellows and oranges in its center, and deep red at its top. Through these colors were light green leaves as yet untouched by autumn.
Walking closer I noticed several bare branches near the top, their small black branches scratching the air like claws. The fallen leaves lay like a red carpet around the trunk.
As I was amazed at this beauty, I thought of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s comments about the stars. “If the constellations(星座)appeared only once in a thousand years, imagine what an exciting event it would be. But because they’re up there every night, we barely give them a look,” he made a remark in Nature.
I felt the same way about the tree. Because its beauty will last only a week, it should be especially precious to us. And I had almost missed it.
Once in the 19th century when a man noticed a brilliant display of northern lights(北极光)in the sky over Massachusetts, he rang a church bell to alert the whole town’s people. That’s what I felt like doing about the tree. I wanted to awake the countryside to its wonder.
I didn’t have a church bell, but as I walked home, I did ask each neighbor I passed the same simple but important question Mrs. Gargan had asked me: “Have you seen the tree?”.
1. What did the author’s neighbor remind him?
A.To appreciate the beauty of the sunset. |
B.To find what happened at the street corner. |
C.To draw a picture of a tree. |
D.To enjoy the beautiful tree in all colors. |
A.the author felt it precious to see the beauty of the tree |
B.the author thought of the stars as beautiful as the tree |
C.the remarkable scene of the tree only appeared in a thousand years |
D.People never had a close look at the tree |
A.He rang the church bell. |
B.He passed on the same question. |
C.He awakened all neighbors up. |
D.He required people to the corner. |
A.Have You Seen the Tree? |
B.The Most Beautiful Tree |
C.One of the Wonders in Nature |
D.The Precious Moment in Life |
【推荐3】Once an Englishman named Larry Belmont went to Russia for a holiday. After he got back, some of his friends came. “I had a very dangerous trip while I was in Russia,” Larry said. “I went to see a friend in the country when the sun went down, I was still travelling through a forest in a sleigh(雪橇). It was a long way from my friend’s house when about twenty wolves began to follow my sleigh.”
“It was very dark in the forest. There was thick snow on the ground. First I heard the wolves. The noise was terrible! Then I saw long, grey forms among the trees, and soon the wolves were near me. They were running very fast, and they didn’t seem to get tired like the horses.”
“What did you do?” one of Larry’s friends asked.
“When the wolves got very near,” Larry answered, “I put up my gun and shot the first wolf dead. Then all the other wolves stopped and ate it, so my sleigh got away from them for a few minutes. Then they finished their meal, and I heard them coming again. The moon was shining brightly on the snow now, and after a few minutes I saw them running among the trees once more. They came nearer again, and then I shot another one of them, and the others stopped once more to eat it. The same thing happened again, and my horses became more and more tired and ran slower and slower until, after two hours, only one wolf was still alive and following me.”
“Wasn’t it too fat to run?” one of Larry’s friends asked.
1. The purpose of this passage is to_______.A.amuse readers | B.tell an exciting adventure |
C.praise Larry Belmont’s bravery | D.show the danger of travelling through a forest |
A.in Russia one winter morning | B.in England one winter evening |
C.in Russia one winter evening | D.in America one winter morning |
A.was the strongest of all | B.had eaten up all the other wolves |
C.ran much faster than the other wolves | D.was very fat and couldn’t run fast enough |
A.Larry's trip was really dangerous | B.the last wolf was too fat to run |
C.all the wolves had been shot by Larry | D.the friend did not believe what Larry had said. |
【推荐1】Shan Tianfang was a leading performer of the traditional Chinese art form pingshu, which translates as "storytelling".
Pingshu dates from the Song Dynasty when performers entertained villagers by telling stories in a particularly emotive style. It remains particularly popular in Northeast China. Performers wear traditional dress and use very basic props - often a folded fan and a gavel. Pingshu is sometimes performed in teahouses and small theatres, but many Chinese associate the art form with radio. And in a country where sleeping problems are common, pingshu is still popular as a way of helping people to wind down at bedtime.
Shan Tianfang was born in 1934. His family introduced him to folk arts from a young age and he began learning pingshu when he was 19. He became known in Liaoning for his work on stage and in local teahouses during the 1950s and 1960s, and performed in an art troupe around the region. During the 1980s, Shan made the transition (转型) to state - run radio, and his attractive storytelling became comfort listening for people across the country. By the 1990s, Shan had become a well-known face on state TV. He has died aged 83 following a long illness.
Shan performed over 12, 000 stories on TV and radio. His stories attracted people of all ages. One of his most praised performances is The Romance of the Sui and Tang Dynasties. He also gave countless performances of the " Four Classic Novels" (四大名著) and helped to bring lesser-known classical Chinese literature to the new audience.
He was able to use the media to attract his audience and in the process he helped to popularise classical Chinese literature. But in his later years, the growth of online and digital media exposed the challenges of keeping his art form alive. Shan turned his efforts towards writing books and opening performance schools to teach pingshu to young people. They included the Shan Tianfang Culture and Media Academy in Beijing, a Shan Tianfang teahouse and storytelling base in Anshan, Liaoning Province. Meanwhile, modern productions of pingshu reference(参考)contemporary culture to draw in new performers and audiences. Performers like Guo Heming have appeared, putting a modern spin on pingshu by adapting popular works, including the Harry Potter stories.
Although he wasn't particularly active on social media, he had more than one million fans on the Sina Weibo platform. A memorial service was held for him on 15 September, 2018, but millions of Chinese will miss his voice.
1. What's the main purpose of writing the passage?A.To call on readers to listen to pingshu. |
B.To encourage readers to read Chinese literature. |
C.To help readers have a brief understanding of pingshu. |
D.To introduce the artist Shan Tianfang. |
A.It is particularly popular in the east of China. |
B.Its performers wear traditional dress and use a huge hammer. |
C.It is still a way to help people struggling to sleep. |
D.It is usually performed in teahouses and theatres. |
A.in order of place | B.in order of time |
C.by giving examples | D.by making comparisons |
A.brought the "Four Classic Novels" to a wide audience |
B.was particularly active on the Sina Weibo platform |
C.founded the Shan Tianfang Culture and Media Academy in his hometown |
D.adapted the Harry Potter stories |
【推荐2】When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire-ravaged(火灾肆虐的)Australia, she decided to do something about it.
She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most. Besides donations, many organizations asked for hand-sewn and knitted pouches(袋子)and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires.
This idea attracted Ratelle, but there was just one problem.
"I'd never sewn in my life," said Ratelle, 17, a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista, US. "Giving money seemed like something too simple. But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew."
Over the next few months, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online. Then she bought 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to Fir Australian Wildlife Needing Aid (FAWNA), one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas, kangaroos and other species suffering from bums. A week later, she received a photo from FAWNA with a baby kangaroo in one of her larger pouches. "It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way," said Ratelle, who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner.
"I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people devastated by natural disaster," she said.
Several craft union websites around the world have called for Australian relief by making the animal pouches. Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison, 12 and Rochelle, 8, from San Diego also offered their help in such a way. For Newberry, "It was a big push that made us crafters, sewers realize there's something more we can do than just make things for ourselves," she said.
1. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?A.What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew. |
B.What is needed to save koalas and other species. |
C.The poor living conditions of wild animals in Australia. |
D.Different ways to help koalas and other animals in Australia. |
A.Surprised. | B.Calm. | C.Proud. | D.Moved. |
A.Ruined | B.Challenged | C.Reduced | D.Abandoned |
A.People should stay united through difficult times. |
B.Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia. |
C.It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work. |
D.Crafters and sewers can do more to help animals. |
【推荐3】It was last weekend when my kids and I flew to Texas for my daughter’s trampoline (蹦床) competition, plus a couple of side trips. We would tour the Dallas Cowboys Stadium. We would visit Waco’s Magnolia Market. We would play outdoor mini golf in January.
We would have nothing to complain about! We would be leaving behind school and work for a hotel pool and having wall-to-wall fun!
And yet — we found things to complain about. The pool was bigger in that other hotel! Why do you get to shower first? They call this coffee?
Luckily, I remembered to take my imaginary coat of armor (盔甲) with me. I’ve learned to put it on as soon as we arrive somewhere as no complaint can get through it. They simply bounce off it and land harmlessly at my feet. I shrug (耸肩). I smile.
For three days, we had great fun. Silly complaints were ignored, and we had greater fun. Until it was time to return the car, get on a plane, and fly home.
Except our flight was canceled. And so was the flight after that. And once that airline resumed (恢复) flying, there would be no room on any of its flights for another 21 hours.
We spent the next couple of hours securing seats for the next evening, tracking down our already-checked bags, and finding a hotel room. We hit the hotel pool before bed. We swam well into the night, my kids making up songs and singing and jumping and laughing.
And that was when it hit me that family travel is a lot more than I thought before. It’s discovering that things don’t have to go right to go well. It’s remembering that joy and memories are where you make them, not where you find them. My kids made them at the tail end of a very long day, in a tiny pool near a Texas airport. So I did too.
1. What was the author’s main reason for travelling to Texas?A.To visit a football stadium. |
B.To take part in a golf event. |
C.To accompany her daughter to a game. |
D.To shop on a famous international market. |
A.She paid no attention to them. |
B.She turned to strangers for help. |
C.She put on her armor to avoid them. |
D.She asked her children to solve them. |
A.Travel more with children. | B.Happiness is something you make. |
C.Book a flight in advance. | D.Respect children’s rights. |
A.The Best Family Vacation Ever |
B.The Best Things About Travelling |
C.Find the Source of Happy Memories |
D.Travelling with Children Around the World |
What do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence. As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing loss, was a guitarist for a band called the Who. He is one of the first rock musicians to call the public's attention to the problem of hearing loss from exposure to loud music.
Temporary hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.
"What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but they're not dead," says a physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, it's possible to recondition the cells somewhat. However, he adds, "Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged." And this is no small problem.
What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Here's another measurement you can use. If you're at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you' re at risk for hearing loss. That's when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.
The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume? Most aren't. "Rock music is supposed to be loud," says drummer Andrew Sather. "I wouldn't have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. "
Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, "There's no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. "
Levels of Common Noises Normal conversation 50 — 65 dB Food blender 88 dB Jet plane flying above a person standing outside 103 dB Rock band during a concert 110 — 140 dB |
1. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that .
A.loud music is a major cause of hearing loss |
B.famous people tend to have hearing problems |
C.teenagers should stay away from school bands |
D.the problem of hearing damage is widely known |
A.not to be seen | B.to fill with sound |
C.to become larger in size | D.to make good again |
A.a list of harmful sounds |
B.the effect of rock concerts |
C.the noise levels of familiar sounds |
D.relationship between daily activities and hearing loss |
A.When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead. |
B.Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice. |
C.Many are taking the risk of losing hearing. |
D.Doctors know how to cure hearing loss. |
【推荐2】iPhone 12
Outlook
Featuring the same 6.1-inch display size as the iPhone 11 and iPhone XR before it, iPhone 12 is making the transition from an LCD screen to OLED. With flat aluminum sides for an overall look, it more closely matches the iPad Pro and iPad Air. Aside from the flat sides, iPhone 12 still largely resembles the iPhone 11. Around back, it has two cameras housed in a glass circle, which makes for a nice contrast with the rest of the smooth back panel. To avoid being broken or cracked when dropped, iPhone 12 is covered with what Apple describes as a “ceramic shield”.
Camera
The iPhone 12 has a 12-megapixel f/1.6 main camera-the fastest aperture(光圈) in any iPhone yet. The low-light performance has improved, and its advancements in computational photography to maximize detail and dynamic range has also been achieved. The front camera on the iPhone 12 is gaining Night Mode, as well.
Processor
iPhone 12 is powered by the company’s new A14 Bionic processor, which is the first smartphone chip built on a 5nm process, leading to improved performance and efficiency. It’s claimed that the processor is up to 50 percent faster than the leading chips in Android smartphones.
Wireless charging
To improve wireless charging on the iPhone 12, it contains a “MagSafe” system with built-in magnets to guarantee that the iPhone 12 properly lines up with the MagSafe accessories.
1. What is the size of iPhone 12?A.About 6.1-inch as that of iPhone Max. | B.The same size as iPad Pro. |
C.Bigger than that of iPhone 11. | D.As big as iPhone XR. |
A.To carry out the wired charging of iPhone 12. |
B.To perfectly match the iPad Pro and iPad Air. |
C.To make sure the iPhone 12 is right for the MagSafe accessories. |
D.To process the information in a more rapid way. |
A.There are only two cameras placed separately in front and back. |
B.It is powered by A14 Bionic processor used in Android smartphones. |
C.All cameras of iPhone 12 have the Night Mode. |
D.A ceramic shield helps protect against breaking and cracking. |
【推荐3】It was New Year time, but I wasn’t looking forward to it. That winter, my mother and my stepfather moved our family to Southern California. My brother and I were leaving our rural Alabama behind. This would be our first New Year away from Alabama. My mother took to California like a swan to a royal lake. My athletic little brother, Paul, was keyed up at a climate that allowed him to go to the beach whenever he wanted.
I, however, was a fat child with heavy southern pronunciation. On my first day in the new class, I introduced myself in a low voice. All I said was my name and where I was from. The class burst into laughter, “He talks funny.” I was so helpless that I went to place a call to Granny Smith after school, who was my biggest support. But I didn’t get through.
On Sunday evening, the phone rang. It was Granny. She often took advantage of the discounted long-distance rates on Sundays. She said she’d shipped a New Year package. Sure enough, it arrived. Surprised at the box, large enough to hold a small refrigerator, we eagerly tore it open. The smell of Granny’s house filled the room: a combination of fried meat, sausages, furniture polish and decorations. Her house was tiny and always filled with tacky holiday decorations and homemade food before New Year. But in my childhood eyes, it was precious and fantastic.
There were countless tins and containers. We opened them to discover piles of holiday treats. She even included our traditional candy bars. The box was as bottomless as a magical box. There, beneath all these, was my familiar holiday.
Every New Year that we spent in California, the postal service could call and say our package arrived. Over the years, many treasures arrived in the box. For me, it’s always been the best part of the holiday.
1. Which statement is true according to the passage?A.The author wasn’t surprised at the package’s arrival from Granny. |
B.My little brother disliked the climate of Southern California. |
C.My mother took us to a lake to see a swan after we moved to California. |
D.The box was in poor quality, even without a bottom. |
A.He looked overweight. | B.He made a humorous talk. |
C.He had a strong accent. | D.He spoke in a very low voice. |
A.Patient and determined. | B.Lonely and grateful. |
C.Selfless and confident. | D.Economical and caring. |
A.Our Move to California | B.Granny’s Care Package |
C.An Unforgettable Holiday | D.A Telephone Call from Granny |
【推荐1】Man’s best friend is also his oldest. The partnership between dogs and people may go back as much as 40,000 years long predating any other domestication (驯化). And it is based not, as is the case with many succeeding domestications, on a human desire to eat the animal concerned, or to consume some associated product such as milk or eggs, but rather on sincere companionship, though with a little work — and hunting-related using on the side.
How this partnership got going, though, is debated. In particular, unlike other domestications, which involved groups of people who had taken up farming, the domestication of the wolves that became dogs happened while all human beings were still hunter-gatherers. The two species were, in other words, competitors. Yet they managed to become soul mates.
One popular theory is that the wolves which became dogs acted as rubbish cleaners for groups of people, by eating their waste, possibly including their faeces (粪 便).That, though, would be a service more useful to settled farmers than mobile hunter-gatherers. As she writes in Scientific Reports, however, Maria Lahtinen of the Finnish Museum of Natural History thinks she might have the answer as to how wolves and people squared the competitive circle while both species were still hunters. It was, she and her colleagues suggest, simply a matter of remaining calories.
The archaeological (考古的)evidence suggests that wolves were domesticated in wood lands at the edge of the ice sheets of the last ice age, since that is where almost all Palaeolithic dog remains have been found. Dr Lahtinen calculates that, given the large size of hunted animals in this environment, and humans' need to eat a balanced diet with plenty of plant matter in it as well as flesh, there would have been a lot of remaining meat around from kills. What better way to use some of it than to feed a few wolf cubs (幼崽)to provide entertainment and companionship? And thus, she suggests, were dogs born.
1. Why did our ancestors domesticate dogs?A.To balance their diet. | B.To help them to farm. |
C.To get rid of rubbish. | D.To develop a partnership. |
A.Dogs were born as early as wolves. |
B.People ever hunted wolves for food. |
C.Wolf cubs were raised for remaining meat. |
D.Cruel enemies could become good friends. |
A.A new idea. | B.Some evidence. |
C.A practical way. | D.A scientific report. |
A.Home & Life. | B.Finance & Economy. |
C.History & Future. | D.Science & Technology. |
【推荐2】When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-tern, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.
Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with .his emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place m leadership.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day, or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation. Today’s work place is all about relationships.
Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence—knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.
1. An employee man have a feeling of fear in the work place when .A.he is forced to do things |
B.he cannot work at his best |
C.he feels his brain shut down |
D.he thinks of his work as too heavy |
A.People tend to associate leadership with fear. |
B.Good relationship is the key to business success. |
C.Smart people are more functional in the work place. |
D.Working conditions affect people’s physical health. |
A.develop his own personality |
B.provide better suggestions |
C.give his employees a pay raise |
D.hide his own emotion of fear |
A.provide a variety of projects for employees |
B.help raise employees’ living standards |
C.give employees specific instructions |
D.deal wisely with employees’ emotions |
【推荐3】From 1990 to 2000, fishermen seeking swordfish off the coast of California accidentally caught and killed over 100 sea turtles, and injured many more. In 2001, the federal government established the Pacific Leatherback Conservation Area (PLCA), a region off the coast of California where fishing boats aren’t allowed to enter from August through November. Since then, the number of turtles killed by mistake has fallen rapidly, but a handful of animals still die from being caught in fishing nets each year. And meanwhile, the once $15 million swordfish industry has become a $2 million industry.
Scientists are hoping to find a way to both protect sea turtles and other endangered creatures and help fishermen make a living. For this, many are looking at dynamic (动态的) ocean management to help fishing boats meet fish where they are and avoid catching other fish by mistake.
The first paper to suggest that the fish that live in the open ocean should be guarded with fluid, ever-changing zones of protection, came out in 2000. Larry Crowder, a professor at Hopkins Marine Station, remembers reading it and thinking,“ Cool idea, but it will never work.” In 2000, scientists didn’t have the computer power to cheaply test statistical models or deal with satellite data quickly. They didn’t have enough data dealing with fish or satellite data on ocean conditions, either.
Now scientists can download oceans of satellite data in minutes, and attach satellite archival tags (档案标签) to marine (海洋的) animals to track their movements. They first collect data by marking the creatures, collecting reports from fishing boats, or other tracking methods. Then they compare that data with weather conditions, the time of year, and any other data that can be sensed. Finally, they can forecast where fish are likely to be.
Crowder and his colleagues used the data to develop a tool called EcoCast, which shows fishermen a daily map where there are more fish they desire. According to statistical modeling, if fishers had used EcoCast during the 2012 and 2015 fishing seasons, they could have fished in at least 125,000 more square miles than were open to them, without significant risk of hurting turtles.
1. The federal government hopes the PLCA and its rules can_________.A.prevent fishing in the PLCA |
B.help collect data for future researches |
C.protect the creatures in the area to some degree |
D.make the public realize the importance of our environment |
A.It was unrealistic. |
B.It was stupid. |
C.It was possible. |
D.It was interesting. |
A.An effective way to collect data. |
B.Some fruits in the related technology. |
C.A scientific method to find specific species. |
D.The way dynamic ocean management works. |
A.It protects the marine environment from pollution. |
B.It reduces the risk of national economical loss. |
C.It prevents fishermen from getting lost while fishing. |
D.It both protects ocean animals and supports fishery. |