Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways. The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way.
Key 1: Keep clean.
The first key tells about the importance of washing. People should wash their hands often—before touching food, while they are preparing food, and any time after they go to the toilet. People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food.
Key 2：
People should separate raw, or uncooked foods from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked. People should store raw meat, chicken, and fish in containers, or in separate areas. Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.
Key 3：Cook completely.
People should cook eggs and meat, like birds, seafood, and animals, especially carefully. These foods may carry more microorganisms than other foods. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely. It is also important that people reheat cooked food completely.
Key 4：Keep food at safe temperatures.
When people are finished with eating, they should keep the left food in a refrigerator below 5℃ and shouldn’t store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20℃, the amount of microorganisms can increase very quickly.
Key 5：Use safe water and raw materials.
| A．Separate raw and cooked foods. |
| B．Eat cooked food immediately while it is still hot. |
| C．They call these rules the “Five Keys to Safer Food”. |
| D．People should use safe water and choose fresh foods. |
| E．Keeping everything clean helps people to avoid microorganisms. |
| F．People should also protect cooking areas and food from insects and animals. |
| G．But temperatures above 60℃ or below 5℃ control the growth of microorganisms. |
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【推荐1】“Best before”, “Sell by”, “For best results, use by” You probably have many of these labels（标签）on items in your fridge right now.
“A lot of behavior on what you throw away and how you consume food is determined by what's on the label. So what we're looking at is trying to change behavior, trying to make it the same in terms of how foods are labeled so that we can avoid people throwing away products that are perfectly good to eat.” said Pete, senior director at World Wildlife Fund.
The Natural Resources Defense Council estimates that 40% of all food in the United States goes uneaten. That translates to some $218 billion in wasted money every year. Beyond the hit to the wallet, food waste in landfills creates CH4, a stronger greenhouse gas than CO2. And these figures don't include the increasing waste producing and transporting food that we don't eat, water and fertilizer（化肥）,maintenance of animal habitats and fuel.
Another part of the solution could come from Food Date Labeling Act, which would widen federal standards on expiration dates（过期日期）to reduce customer confusion. At present, this is done by states and local governments, so there exists a big confusion and misunderstanding in terms of the language.
The House bill recommends a label of “Best if used by” for when a product's quality or freshness may start to worsen and then “Use by” for when it's definitely time to throw it. Pete recommends a little bravery. “As director of the program, I find that I'm eating a lot of food that most people probably wouldn't. We need more food-waste warriors (战士). We need people that are willing to cut the mold off cheese or fuzz (茸毛) out of the sour cream because it's not gonna worsen anything. And you're gonna save food and help save the environment in the process.”
1. What may the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to？| A．The food in the bag. | B．The language on the label. |
| C．Consumers' behavior. | D．Food waste. |
| A．By making comparisons. | B．By providing numbers. |
| C．By giving examples. | D．By quoting famous sayings. |
| A．standardizing the language | B．saving food |
| C．forbidding using labels | D．improving education |
| A．We should not throw away any food. |
| B．We can still eat food that is not fully bad. |
| C．We can cut up cheese before eating- |
| D．We should be on diets to save the environment. |
【推荐2】The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human nealth and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tillman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations mdustriaHzed(工业化),population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.
The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes (糖尿病）and heart disease.
Unfortunately, when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia, China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20，year period, And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico in Nigeria and so on.
And, a diet bad for human beings, is also bad for the environment As the world's population grows, more forests and tropical (热带的）areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all froms of transportation right now.
Mr．Tillman calls the link between diet，the environment and human health，"a dilemma"，a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possibte setttemenf is leaving the behind.
1. According to the passage, more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from .| A．transportation | B．developing countries |
| C．agriculture | D．developed countries |
| A．diet, the environment and human health are closely connected |
| B．the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes |
| C．people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease |
| D．traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet |
| A．industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet |
| B．overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases |
| C．the examined information comes from developing countries |
| D．Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases |
| A．call on us to protect the environment |
| B．warn us of the danger of the Western diet |
| C．remind us of the importance of health |
| D．advise us to have a balanced diet |
【推荐3】It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.” The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.
Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol (白藜芦醇), a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.
1. The passage is mainly for those ________.| A．who produce wine | B．who go on a diet |
| C．who are eager to lose weight | D．who have a drinking habit |
| A．properly | B．carefully | C．frequently | D．excitedly |
| A．Moderate drinking increases weight. |
| B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat. |
| C．Moderate drinking has a strong protective effect. |
| D．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear. |
| A．How to do some easy experiments. |
| B．How to reduce the calories contained in wine. |
| C．How to make wine in a healthy way. |
| D．How to prove the finding mentioned in the last paragraph. |
There are many ways of defining success. It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily. Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities, it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
For some people, simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success. Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep, enjoys his frugal(节俭的)life with his family in the beauty of nature, and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society. On the other hand, it seems that even though some people appear to. be rich in material possessions, many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own goals of success. Because not all ventures can be successful, one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving success, but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one’s goals at too low a level of achievement.
A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success: “You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park, or riding the subway downtown.” The counselor added, “You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like; and to which you have given your best effort.”
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【推荐2】An article describing the attitude of post-1990s generations toward life has recently gone viral on Chinese social media, which resonates with(引起共鸣) millions of youngsters for reflecting their casualness and calmness under gradually increasing social pressure．
The article was first published on WeChat with the title of “The first group of post-90s generation who have become monks”. By using the phrase “Buddha-like youngsters”(佛系青年), it claimed that some of the post-90s generations, who were born between 1990 and 1992, have “seen through the emptiness of life” and kept a casual and calm attitude toward career and life．
“It's fine to have something or not and there is no need to pursue or win anything," said the article, while defining "Buddha-like" people and clarifying that the phrase has nothing to do with the religion of Buddhism. An easy example is that Buddha-like youngsters do not care about taking which way to return home or choosing what to eat for lunch, according to the article．
The phrase has touched the nerves of the Chinese youngsters who are facing the fast-paced life, cut-throat world of career and great mental pressure in China, read a commentary by People's Daily on Wednesday. The phrase was well received by Chinese netizens; the original WeChat post has been viewed by more than 1 million times and then read more than 60 million times on SinaWeibo by Wednesday．
“The phrase properly describes the mentalities and lifestyle of (some of) the post-90s generations in China, who have become less ambitious and more casual toward life due to the great pressure and fierce competition in today's China”, one SinaWeibo user commented．
Are you a Buddha-like youngster?
1. The underlined phrase “gone viral” in Paragraph 1 means "__________"．| A．spread quickly | B．been clearly explained |
| C．appeared secretly | D．been completely confirmed |
| A．get used to life stress | B．struggle hard for their future |
| C．attach much importance to fame | D．take a casual attitude toward competition |
| A．by offering definition | B．by making comparisons |
| C．by using figures | D．by giving examples |
【推荐3】How much free time do you need to be happier？Feeling overwhelmed by your to-do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the magic elixir（灵丹妙药） like many of us have dreamed.
Researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well-being（幸福） -but only up to a point. People who had up to two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. “While too little time is bad, having more time is not always better,” said Marissa Sharif, an assistant professor of marketing at The Wharton School. For example, some adults struggle with the “retirement blues”, which can be due to a lack of stimulation and structure, among other things. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things（like exercising） or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV).
Study participants believed their well-being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day-but only if they used it unproductively. “In other words, how people use their free time matters,” Sharif said. “Of course, what feels ‘productive’ is up to you. Free-time activities like knitting, reading, cooking or gaming are also known to put people in a state of flow. In cases when people do find themselves with excessive（过多的）amounts of spare time, such as retirement or having left a job,” Sharif said, “our results suggest these individuals would benefit from spending their newfound time with purpose.”
1. What is the finding of the new study?| A．Adults tend to feel happy in their free time. |
| B．Being too busy threatens people’s physical health. |
| C．More free time does not definitely mean more happiness. |
| D．More and more people have little spare time. |
| A．To emphasize the significance of spending free time. |
| B．To indicate the reasons for adults’ being upset. |
| C．To forecast the retirement life in the future. |
| D．To prove the discovery of the new research |
| A．The requirements of the experiment |
| B．The significance of the experiment. |
| C．The consequence of the experiment. |
| D．The purpose of the experiment. |
| A．Taking good advantage of free time will help bring people happiness. |
| B．Attending too many activities may damage people’s health. |
| C．Spending spare time with friends often benefits people a lot. |
| D．Having little free time may result in anxiety. |
