Some etiquette（礼仪）in modern life
Do you often use a cell phone? Do you take the subway to school every day? These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them? The following suggestions might be helpful.
For cell phone users
◆Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you’d better not use it during an appointment（约会）.
◆Stop sending messages or playing games with your cell phone at a dinner or a party. It’s a good time to communicate（交流）with your family and friends.
◆Don’t make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.
For subway passengers
◆You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.
◆You’re not allowed to eat, drink or smoke on the subway train. The smell and noise may trouble others. It’s our duty to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for health.
◆ You can’t take pets on the train. As we all know, animals may spread diseases（传播疾病）and get the train dirty.
◆ You’d better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn’t crowded. Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners.
Items | What we should do | What we shouldn’t do |
Cell phoneusers | Keep your | ● Don’t send messages or play games at a dinner or a party. ● Don’t make or answer a |
Subway passengers | ● Wait in line ●Keep the train clean and ●Offer your seat to someone who needs it. | ● Don’t eat, drink or ●Don’t take ● Don’t lie across the subway seats. |
Stop Smoking Now——We Can Help!
In most US cities and towns, there are local organizations to help people stop smoking. One of the most popular and successful organizations is California Smokers’Helpline.Here is a page from one of their leaflets(传单).
When you really want a cigarette(香烟)——try the three Ds:
1. Delay: Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes. If you can wait two minutes, you won't want to smoke.
2. Drink something: If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.
3. Deep breathing（呼吸）: Take a deep and slow breath. Count to five when your lungs are full. Then breathe out slowly. Repeat several times.
And here are some ideas from Florida Anti—smoking Club to help people to give up smoking:
1. Make a plan: Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Don't see those people and don't go to those places!
2. Keep busy: Instead of smoking, make a phone call, take a short walk, or talk with a friend.
3. Develop new interests: Exercise—walking, biking, jogging, swimming or taking a music class——helps you to forget about cigarettes.
Set a date and act at once to give up smoking for your own good.
Passage Outline（概要） | Supporting Details | |
Organizations to help stop smoking | There are local organizations to help stop smoking.Among them are California Smoker’s Helpline and Florida Anti—smoking | |
Ds to help stop smoking | Delay your action.Delay for more than two minutes,and you'll probably give up the desire to smoke. Deep breathing. Take a deep breath slowly, count to five, and then breathe out. | |
Make a plan to avoid meeting the friends who smoke and don't go to the places where you smoke. Keep Develop your interests to help you forget about cigarettes. | ||
Advice to smokers | For your own good, you 'd' better set a date and |
3 . Nowadays, many people in China and Japan are racing against time. They put a lot of value in “being on time”. However, in some countries of the world, people have different opinions on “being on time”.
Germany
Thanks to its industrial past, in Germany you are expected to arrive at least ten minutes earlier for any planned meeting.
In Germany, being on time is risky enough because your hosts will probably already be there waiting, wondering how on earth you could be so stupid. What will you do if anything unexpected happens, like heavy traffic or a sudden rain? So remember to arrive early in Germany.
Saudi Arabia
Some countries care little about time and Saudi Arabia is one of them. It’s because of their long history of desert living where time is not the first thing to think about. It could be that it’s too hot to do anything on time. So don’t expect them to be on time. Moreover, looking at your watch during an event is even considered as bad manners. So don’t get angry with them, either.
Ghana
Most meeting times can be changed, even if an exact time is given, Ghanaians are very relaxed and easygoing. They think that if everyone is late, then no one is late. After all, what can’t be done today can get done tomorrow. If you find it difficult to deal with, prepare to be unhappy. Otherwise, sit back enjoy the ride. Refuse and ignore it.
Russia
Patience is considered a very important quality in Russian culture but being on time is not. When doing business in Russia, do be on time. Otherwise, it will be considered disrespectful. But Russians won’t hold themselves to the same standard. So, again, patience can be key.
How differently people consider “being on time” in different countries. | |
Different opinions on “being on time” | |
China and Japan | Both Chinese and Japanese think it valuable to be on time. |
Germany | Hosts expect you to arrive early for any planned meeting because of the influence of their industrial past. You are thought to be stupid |
Saudi Arabia | Time is not the first thing for people living in the desert to consider. Looking at your watch during an event is considered to be |
Ghana | Ghanaians think that if everyone is late, then nobody is late. Most meeting times can be changed. You might be unhappy if you can’t |
Russia | Be patient in Russia because it’s very important quality in its culture. While doing business in Russia, you should be on time, though Russians are not strict with |
4 . Today more and more people want to live in big cities, but what can be done to help them live in crowded cities like Tokyo? Many architects( 建 筑 师 ) are looking for ways to solve this problem. 25-year-old Haseef Rafiei has caught the world’s attention because of his special skyscraper concept(摩天大楼概 念)—“Pod Vending Machine” skyscraper.
Haseef comes from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He is now a student of Manchester School of Architecture. He got his idea form a trip to Japan. He noticed vending machines are popular in Japan. He said, “Vending machines make buying easy and interesting.” After seeing vending machines have made such a difference to people’s lives, Haseef thought, “Why not build skyscrapers that act the same way?”
Haseef’s “Pod Vending Machine” skyscraper can act as a home vending machine. If people want to buy houses in the skyscraper, they can choose the types of pods(吊舱) they’d like to live in and what the inside of the pods looks like. Then the large 3D printer at the top of skyscraper can get the pods printed and then cranes ( 起 重 机 ) can get the pods placed. A smart system inside the skyscraper decides the best place for every pod. If a person doesn’t want to live in his pod any more, the pod will be returned to the 3D printer to get recycled. How amazing it is!
1. 判断正误（“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误）；A 3D printer at the top of the “Pod Vending Machine”skyscraper can help people print the pods they choose.
2. 完成句子
Haseef said that vending machines
3. 简略回答问题: Why has Haseef Rafiei caught the world’s attention?
4. 找出并写下第三段的主题句；
5. 将文中画线句子译成汉语。
5 . When we say someone is in a blue mood, it means he or she is unhappy or sad. Are you feeling a little blue? Here are some fast and easy ways to cheer you up.
Exercise
When you exercise, your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin (内啡肽). This chemical makes you feel happy. That is why exercise is good for you.
Have a talk
If something or somebody is troubling you, don’t quarrel with other people to relax yourself. It is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart talk with a friend or a family member. Tell (A)them your feelings. A chat is a useful way to make you feel better.
Have some hobbies
For example, playing pop music, drawing something or listening to your favorite music will make you smile. Act like an artist. Draw, paint or make something. Being active and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less nervous.
Laugh more
(B) 笑是改善你心情的最好方法。Children laugh about 400 times a day. Adults only laugh about 20 times a day. What happen? Experts say if we laugh more, we will be happier and healthier.
Think positively
Close your eyes and imagine a beautiful scene or a time. (C)Never think about anything terrible that you can’t change. What’s more, leave your flat and go outside. Sun and fresh air are good for you. Be a kid for a day. Play games, watch comedy movies or read jokes online.
1. (A)处画线单词“them”指代2. 根据短文内容回答问题。
How does being active and creative make you feel?
3. 将(B)处画线句子翻译成英文。
4. 将(C)处画线句子翻译成中文。
5. 给该文段拟一个标题。
6 . We live in a society that is producing and using electronics(电子产品) all the time. What happy to your computers, MP3 players and cell phones when they’re broken or you want a new one?
Most people just throw them away. In 2016, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of electronic waste (e-waste,电子垃圾) and only recycled 6.5 million tons, according to the United Nations last month. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China ranked second, with 6 million tons.
(A)It’s important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we treat it.
To help reduce e-waste, the first thing we can do is to buy longer lasting electronic equipment. If you have unwanted electronic such as aging toys or cell phones, find a new home for them by giving them to charities. （B）You can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs. Apple, for example, now offers people a discount(折扣) in China if they hand in their used devices when buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell (C)them at lower prices.
1. 根据短文内容回答问题。Which country produced most e-waste in 2016?
2. 将（A）处画线句子翻译成汉语。
3. 将（B）处画线句子进行同义句转换。(每空一词)
You can also take computers and phones to the producers to see if they offer recycling programs.
Computers and phones can
4. 写出（C）出画线单词“them”指代
5. 针对如何减少电子垃圾，请你用英语再给出一条建议。
7 . We live in a world full of many different kinds of people. We want to get along well with others. We also want to be liked by others. The following ways will make others like you.
Do This and You’ll Be Welcome Anywhere
Become really interested in other people. A show of interest must be true. It brings good results not only to the person showing the interest, but also to the person receiving the attention. It is a two-way street—both of you get an advantage.
A Simple Way to Make a Good First Impression
Smile as often as possible. Your smile is a sign of kindness. When someone feels stressed from his or her teachers or parents, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds, your smile can help him or her realize that all is hopeful—that there is still joy in the world.
If You Don’t Do This, You Are Getting into Trouble
Remember a person’s name. A person’s name is the sweetest and the most important sound in any language. We should realize the magic in a name. The name makes the person different from others; it makes him or her special among all others. If you remember a person’s name, the relationship between both of you will become much closer.
An Easy Way to Become a Good Talker
Be a careful listener first. Ask questions that other persons will like to answer. Encourage them to talk about themselves and their achievements. What you need to do is just to listen, because people are much more interested in themselves.
| Title | |
| Become really interested in others | Your show of interest must be true. It must |
| Smile as often as possible | Your smile shows that you are so Your smile makes others realize that all is hopeful. |
| Remember a person’s name | A person’s name makes him or her different from others. A person’s name is the sweetest and the most important sound in any |
| Listen carefully first | You ask questions that others enjoy They are interested to talk about themselves and their achievements. |
8 . Every year, more than nine million people all over the world come to visit London. They go to the museums and theaters; they look at interesting old buildings or have a drink in a park.
A quick and easy way to get to different places in the city is to take an underground train. The London underground is one of the best and most widely used transport networks (网状组织) in the world. The trains run all day and most of the night. 1. You’d better not take the underground between eight o’clock and ten o’clock in the morning, or four o’clock and six o’clock in the afternoon. 2. The trains are so crowded that you can hardly move or find a place to sit.
London’s famous red buses form a big part of getting around in London. Although the London underground is the fastest and the simplest way of getting around London, the buses play their part and are an experience you should try at least once. By sitting on the top deck (层) of the bus, you can get a great sightseeing (观光) experience of London as well.
Some special visitors’ buses take you to many of the interesting places in the city on one journey. It takes about one and a half hours, but you can cancel your journey and get off (and on again) at the different places you want to visit.
London taxis are called “black cabs”. Most of them are black, but some are not. You can stop one if it has a “For Hire (供租用的)” sign on it. The drivers are friendly and helpful.
In a word, London is a big and beautiful city with lots to see and to do.
1. 任务一：根据短文内容简要回答问题。(1)How many kinds of transportation can visitors use to get around in London? List them.
(2) If you go to visit London, which two kinds of transportation are you going to choose? Why?
2. 任务二：将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
(1)
(2)
3. 任务三：请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
NAO is a 58cm-tall robot. He is small, cute and round. You can't help but love him! NAO is created to be a friendly partner around the house. He moves, recognizes (识别) you, bears you and even talks to you.
Since his birth in 2006, he has been better and better at pleasing, understanding and loving you.
Maybe one day he will become your friend. His cute look and wonderful communication skills make him really lovely and popular.
He can be a good helper. Ask him to do something and he does. For example, ask NAO to wake you up in the morning, to watch your home during the day or to teach you new things whenever you want. You no longer need a keyboard, a computer or a mouse to communicate with technology. All you have to do is to talk to him.
He can be a sweet family member. He can learn to read your moods, so that he always knows the right thing to say. He can recognize your family members and call them by their first names. You can teach him how to choose the music, food and film you like best.
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One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn't want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this?
Mold (霉菌) can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or gray. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad—and it's not safe to eat.
If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Bread, tomatoes and hot dogs are soft food. This kind of food allows mold to easily grow below its surface.
But it's easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can't grow very deeply inside this kind of food. According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold and remove it.
It's OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away.
Most kinds of mold are bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, peniciliium (青霉菌) can be used to make many types of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they're quite delicious as well.
1. What color is mold?_____________________________________________________
2. How does moldy food taste?
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3. How should you deal with the soft food when you find mold in it?
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4. Is it easy or difficult to remove mold from hard food?
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5. What can some kinds of mold be used to do?
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