1 . A world-champion body builder has no more muscles than does a 90-pound person who is physically weak. So what makes him so strong? What other qualities does he need?
Muscles are made of thousands of stringy fibers-a number that is fixed during childhood-which contract(收缩）when doing work. Strength does not depend on the number of fibers but on the function of their thickness and how many of them contract at the same time.
Exercise actually damages the muscles. During the recovery stage, the muscle fibers increase in size. Exercise also trains more muscle fibers to work at one time. If a muscle is weak or untrained, for example, only 10 percent of its fibers will contract, whereas up to 90 percent of the fibers in a weight lifter's biceps(二头肌）will contract.
Aside from the strength, two other factors go into making an athlete: fitness and endurance. Fitness is related to the condition of the heart. During exercises, there is an increase in the amount of blood returning to the heart from the muscles. A typical volume for a runner at rest is about 5 quarts a minute, compared with 30 quarts during a vigorous trial(运动测试). This greater volume means more work for the heart-a muscular balloon that expands and contract is to take in blood and push it out. Like any other muscle, the heart enlarges and gets stronger with routine exercise.
Endurance, or the length of time muscles can work, depends in part on how much fuel－in this case sugar-the muscles can store. A muscle that is continually exercised until it runs out of sugar tends to store more when it refuels at the next meal. And more sugar can translate into greater endurance the next time the muscle is put to the test.
1. What determines the strength of a world-champion body builder?| A．The thickness of fibers and the number of those contracting contemporarily. |
| B．The number of fibers and the amount of exercise he does at the same time. |
| C．The function of fibers and their thickness. |
| D．The function of fibers and their recovery. |
| A．It helps fibers more easily to contract. |
| B．It makes fibers increase quickly in size. |
| C．It makes more fibers weak or untrained. |
| D．It helps more fibers to work at one time. |
| A．The heart bears the task of making more blood during a vigorous trial. |
| B．The heart needs to bear the fast heart beating during a vigorous trial. |
| C．The heart takes in more blood and pushes it out during a vigorous trial. |
| D．The heart enlarges and becomes stronger routinely during a vigorous trial. |
| A．The more sugar muscles store, the thicker the fibers in them become. |
| B．The more sugar a muscle consumes, the less it tends to store next time. |
| C．The more sugar the muscles of an athlete store, the longer time they can work. |
| D．The amount of sugar in muscles largely depends on when they refuel at the nest meal. |
| A．Strong Heart and World-champion | B．Strength, Fitness and Endurance |
| C．Body Building and Muscles | D．Resources of Strength |
2 . When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my
Training with my clad turned out to be very
When someone fired the gun. I was off,
For me, the real competition began during the run, because now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my
“Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the
Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could
| A．pride | B．congratulations | C．concern | D．curiosity |
| A．learn | B．deserve | C．achieve | D．organize |
| A．saying | B．figuring | C．acting | D．leaving |
| A．admired | B．encouraged | C．pushed | D．convinced |
| A．unbearable | B．exciting | C．enjoyable | D．challenging |
| A．learnt from | B．suffered from | C．signed up for | D．dropped out of |
| A．signal | B．announcement | C．result | D．permission |
| A．riding | B．walking | C．swimming | D．dashing |
| A．bike | B．horse | C．destination | D．coat |
| A．take off | B．get on | C．knock out | D．put away |
| A．running | B．traveling | C．cycling | D．swimming |
| A．kicked off | B．switched to | C．prepared for | D．polished |
| A．arms | B．clothes | C．shoes | D．legs |
| A．size | B．position | C．age | D．career |
| A．or | B．and | C．but | D．so |
| A．breathlessness | B．thirst | C．stress | D．pain |
| A．winning | B．nervous | C．burning | D．proud |
| A．suggestion | B．celebration | C．impression | D．organization |
| A．accomplishment | B．guilt | C．sorrow | D．participation |
| A．join | B．move | C．prove | D．make |
(1)你校高三体育课以及课间活动安排情况；
(2)你最喜欢的一项体育活动；
(3)简要说明体育活动对高三学生的意义。
注意:
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。
Dear Chris,
I’m glad to have received your email asking about our PE classes and sports activities.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
4 . Sports fandom is about more than just entertainment. It can boost your self-esteem (自尊) and make you happier — and you don’t have to root for the winning team to gain the benefits.
Being a sports fan is a “very psychologically healthy activity,” says Daniel Wann, professor at Murray State University whose research program centers on the psychology of sport fandom. Fandom connects us to other like-minded people, which satisfies our human need for belonging, he says.
These relationships are significant: People who identify as sports fans have higher levels of self-esteem, lower levels of loneliness and tend to be more satisfied with their lives compared to those who aren’t interested in sports, Wann says. Fans tend to have more access to social support, help and resources as well. Research suggests that when people have support from their communities, they have better health.
Beyond bonding, fans get to enjoy the psychological benefits of winning, even if they have nothing to do with the players or games, says Stephen Reysen, associate professor at Texas A&M University-Commerce who studies identity and fandom.
“Individuals feel that the fan interest (in this case a sport team) is a part of them,” Reysen says. “So when the team is winning, you feel like you are winning even though you are not a player.”
Of course, teams sometimes lose.
So, why do people continue to put their faith behind teams that tend to lose? People who feel a strong psychological connection to a team are more likely to root for a team when they’re having a losing season, Reysen says.
“Sports fandom has nothing to do with the outcome of a game,” Wann says. For example, if a pizza restaurant continually got your order wrong, you’d likely switch to a more reliable one. But because being a fan is so central to people’s identities, people are willing to accept defeat and continue to be loyal to a team.
Being part of a fan community can also help people cope with losses. A 2019 study found that watching a football game with other fans helps to ease the negative psychological effects of losing.
“For fans of the losing team, sharing the pain may have protected them from losing self-esteem,” Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick, co-author of the study and professor of communication at The Ohio State University said in a release.
1. According to the passage, why do sports fans feel happier?| A．Because they could gain the benefits from the winning team. |
| B．Because they can share pains and happiness with people who have the common interests. |
| C．Because they could have a low level of self-esteem. |
| D．Because most of them are optimistic. |
| A．Sports fans have support from their favorite teams. |
| B．Sports fans have higher levels of loneliness. |
| C．Sports fans are likely more content with their lives. |
| D．Sports fans tend to compare themselves to those who aren’t interested in sports. |
| A．display their identities |
| B．have a boost of self-esteem |
| C．not support the team any more |
| D．have a negative psychology period |
| A．Being part of the team. |
| B．Ordering a pizza in a different restaurant. |
| C．Sharing the pain with family members. |
| D．The loyalty to the team. |
| A．Sports fans have a closer relationship with other like-mined people. |
| B．Sports fans have higher self-esteem and are more satisfied with their lives. |
| C．Sports fans always put their faith behind their favorite teams. |
| D．Sports fandom has nothing to do with the outcome of a game. |
1.回复他的要求；
2.询问他到达的具体时间，停留时长，以便你做具体安排。
注意：1.词数：不少于100；
2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯：
3.开头、书信格式已为你写好，不计入词数。
参考词汇：马拉松比赛marathon race
古文化街The Ancient Cultural Street
天津之眼The Tianjin Eye
Dear Mark.
I am very glad to have received your letter
Yours，
LiJin
Rock climbing requires not only physical strength, but also complete mental concentration. So it is not an easy sport. But this may not be true for 20-year-old Sasha diGuilian. This fearless girl who has been dominating the sport ever since she entered this field is just getting warmed up.
The youngster who is also studying for a creative writing degree at Columbia University says that she began climbing even before she could walk. As a baby, she constantly escaped from her bed and led her friends to the nearest rocks or hills. Then at the age of seven she attended brother’s birthday party at a local rock climbing gym and found her gift for it.
Soon after, she joined the local center in her hometown of Alexandria, Virginia and began climbing— first once a week, then twice and soon, almost every day. At the age of nine, she won her first climbing competition by participating in an event that she hadn’t even been aware of, until she went to the gym for her normal climbing routine. Her competitive nature and love for the sport immediately reached the peak and she began training seriously, but this time outside the gym—climbing real mountains.
As a youngster, she dominated the Junior Continental Championships from 2004 to 2010. Then she went on to catch the Pan American Championship and the US National Championship as soon as she was old enough. And in 2011, at just 18 years old, she was crowned(加冕)Female Overall World Champion in Arco, Italy in her first attempt.
Sasha diGuilian is also the youngest woman who has completed the 5.14d graded climb in which climbers must climb rocks that are vertical. The 5.14d graded climb is regarded as the most difficult climb and it is something that even the most experienced climbers are a little afraid to take on, because a small slip could result in a severe injury or even death.
1. What does the underlined word “dominating” (Paragraph 1) mean?
(1 word)
________________________________________________________________________
2. Where and when did Sasha diGuilian find she had the talent for rock climbing? (No more than 12 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3. What made Sasha diGuilian begin training seriously to climb real mountains? (No more than 10 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
4. Why is the 5.14d graded climb considered the most difficult climb?
(No more than 7 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
5. Please explain how you are inspired by Sasha diGuilian.(No more than25 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
7 . Discover
Newsmagazine of science devoted to the wonders an stories of modern science, written for the educated general reader. Published by Disney Magazine Publishing Co., Discover tells many of the same stories professionals read in Scientific American. A truly delightful family science magazine, each issue（每期） brings to light new and newsworthy topics to make dinnertime and water-cooler conversations interesting.
Cover Price: $59.88
Price: $19.95（$1.66/issue）
You Save: $39.93（67%）
Issues: 12 issues/12 months
Self
Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc., Self is a handbook devoted to women’s overall physical and mental health. Every issue contains usable articles such as “Style Lab”, in which wearable clothes are mixed and matched on non-models and the “Eat-right Road Map”, with tips on how to eat properly.
Cover Price: $35.86
Price: $15.00（$2.5/issue）
You Save: $20.86（58%）
Issues: 10 issues/12 months
InStyle
InStyle is a guide to the lives and lifestyles of the world’s famous people. The magazine covers the choices people make about their homes, their clothes and their free time activities. With photos and articles, it opens the door to these people’s homes, families, parties and weddings, offering ideas about beauty, fitness and in general, lifestyles. Publisher: The Time Inc. Magazine Company.
Cover Price: $47.88
Price: $23.88（$2.38/issue）
You Save: $24.00（50%）
Issues: 10 issues/12 months
Wired
This magazine is designed for leaders in the field of information engineering including top managers and professionals in the computer, business, design and education industries. Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc., Wired often carries articles on how technology changes people’s lives.
Cover Price: $59.40
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Issues: 10 issues/12months
1. Which of the following magazines is published monthly?| A．Discover |
| B．Self |
| C．InStyle |
| D．Wired |
| A．Wired and InStyle |
| B．Discover and InStyle |
| C．Self and Discover |
| D．Self and Wired |
| A．InStyle |
| B．Wired |
| C．Discover |
| D．Self |
| A．offer advice to ordinary women on clothes |
| B．show how a woman can become famous |
| C．introduce places with the best food |
| D．discuss ways of training models |
| A．InStyle |
| B．Self |
| C．Wired |
| D．Discover |
