2 . The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "

For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.

A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

1. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?

A．Positive effects of doing exercises.

B．Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.

C．Experimental studies on diseases.

D．Advantages of sporty woman over man

2. Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise?

A．To predict their maximum heart rate.

B．To assess their cardiovascular capacity

C．To change their habits of working out

D．To detect their potential health problems

3. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?

A．It aimed to find a cure for dementia.

B．Data collection was a lengthy process.

C．Some participants withdrew from it.

D．The results were far from satisfactory.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia

B．Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise

C．Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia

D．Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

From 13 runners meeting in Bushy Park, south-west London, in 2004, to five million members worldwide in 2018, parkrun has become     1     global phenomenon. There are now more than 1,700 of the free,     2    (week) events in 23 countries, with numbers     3    (continue) to rise. Beyond joining local races, there’s an increasing number of “parkrun tourists”, who plan trips in order to check off unusual and impressive     4     (route). All parkrun events, which     5    (manage) by volunteers, stay true to the original aim of being free and inclusive. “    6    (like) traditional running events that may require pre-registration, entry fees and cut-off times, at parkrun     7     is free to participate and speed is not important,” says Chrissie Wellington, Global Head of Health & Wellbeing for Parkrun UK. “The     8    (popular) continues to grow by empowering local communities to work out a mixed-gender, multi-generational health plan that appeals to a broad cross-section of society,     9    (particular) those for whom physical activity and volunteering is not the norm.” Whether you walk, jog, run, volunteer     10     watch, you can learn new skills and enhance your health and happiness in the great outdoors while making new friends, feeling part of your local community and improving your fitness.

6 . What is the best sport for your body type?

Just because someone has dreamt of playing football from childhood does not mean it is the best sport for him or her. Finding the sport your body is best suited to can make a big difference to how much you enjoy it and how good at it you are.

A person with an ectomorph body type is tall and slim with little fat or muscle. This person has narrow shoulders and hips, and thin arms and legs. Ectomorphs have difficulty putting on weight because of a fast metabolism (新陈代谢).     1     . What suits ectomorphs is endurance sports. Marathon running, swimming, and football are excellent choices for them.     2     , basketball may also be a great option.

Mesomorph body types are the typical image of an athlete. Their arms and legs are muscular and they have broad shoulders and narrow hips. Mesomorphs can put on or lose weight easily and build muscle quickly.     3     . Possibilities range from weightlifting and boxing to cycling for shorter distances.

A person who is an endomorph naturally carries more body fat. They are often short, with a high waist, and well developed upper arms and thighs.     4     , they can be very good at power sports because of their larger mass. This body type is not suited for agility (敏捷) and speed, but strength activities like wresting or powerlifting can be a great fit.

It is important to note that the three body types are extremes. No one is 100% ectomorph or completely endomorph.     5     . Another key point is that diet and environment also contribute to athletic ability and genetics plays a large part. And the most important thing is to choose a sport you enjoy.

A．Everyone is a bit of a mix

B．If you want to be a world champion

C．If a person with this body type is very tall

D．A person with this body type has more choice of sports

E．For the same reason, it takes them longer to build muscle

F．While it may seem that an endomorph will not be very athletic

G．Endomorphs must work a little harder to maintain a perfect body weight

7 . It was my first year teaching in a special needs classroom. I wasn’t sure what to ______ at our annual Special Olympics. My students had a range of ______, from mild learning disabilities to severe brain diseases.

Mark was one with the latter, limited to a ______ However, he ______ greeted everyone with huge smiles. His classmates loved him and often took their time to ______ his participation in group activities, especially Mike, Andy and Lucas, all ______ at sports. Mark imagined being like them. Watching and cheering for their elegant ______ on the playground seemed to fill him with ______.

The big day came at last and the final ______ was the 400-meter race. Everyone was invited to ______ according to their own ability. Mike, Andy and Lucas ______ to prove who the best athlete was. But when the exhausted three reached the finish line they ______ and turned to look behind them. At the back of the crowd, determined not to be left behind, was Mark, ______ on the track in his wheelchair with half the distance left to ______—all his classmates were outdistancing him. Looking at each other, a ______ thought passing between them. Slowly, they jogged ______ towards their friend, surrounded Mark and kept pace, ______ him on as he had done for them before.

The progress was ______, but eventually they crossed the finish line together to the ______ cries of their teachers and classmates. I came to understand what makes the Special Olympics so ______. Years later, I’m still cheering them on.

1.

A．teach

B．expect

C．describe

D．consider

2.

A．challenges

B．grades

C．knowledge

D．wishes

3.

A．classroom

B．playground

C．wheelchair

D．library

4.

A．never

B．seldom

C．sometimes

D．always

5.

A．make sure of

B．figure out

C．call for

D．hold back

6.

A．poor

B．satisfied

C．excellent

D．disappointed

7.

A．behavior

B．conversation

C．sportswear

D．movement

8.

A．anger

B．wonder

C．thanks

D．hope

9.

A．result

B．event

C．ceremony

D．celebration

10.

A．participate

B．welcome

C．watch

D．observe

11.

A．went on

B．moved on

C．took off

D．showed off

12.

A．remained

B．struggled

C．rested

D．paused

13.

A．afraid

B．alone

C．alive

D．awake

14.

A．cover

B．find

C．keep

D．run

15.

A．strange

B．normal

C．creative

D．silent

16.

A．off

B．down

C．back

D．away

17.

A．pushing

B．moving

C．cheering

D．driving

18.

A．worthwhile

B．slow

C．exciting

D．painful

19.

A．enthusiastic

B．surprised

C．doubtful

D．pleasant

20.

A．interesting

B．professional

C．challenging

D．extraordinary

10 . The Importance of Getting Kids to Be Active

Everyone knows that kids should be physically active and need to exercise regularly to be physically fit.     1    , regular physical activity is considered by most experts to be an important part of a healthy lifestyle. However, that doesn’t mean every child needs to spend four or five hours a day exercising.

How Much Exercise Do Kids Need?

It is recommended that kids should be physically active for at least 60 minutes per day.     2    . For example, if your eight-year-old played soccer for 20 minutes during PE at school and then played basketball with his friends for 40 minutes after school, he would meet the recommendation of 60 minutes of physical activity for that day.

Exercise and Calories

    3    . It can help them build self-respect, sleep better, have more energy, and reduce depression. And as most people know, along with a healthy diet, regular exercise is the best way to lose weight and prevent childhood obesity (肥胖). Since your child is not likely to get his exercise using exercise equipment, it can be hard to always tell how many calories he is burning while exercising.     4    , as long as your child is getting his 60 minutes or more of physical activity each day and maintaining a healthy diet.

Youth Exercise and Fitness

Remember that kids, even teens, don’t usually stick with exercise programs.     5    . Instead, kids do better with lifestyle exercise programs, such as active free play and organized team sports.

A．Fortunately, it doesn’t matter

B．Regular exercise is good for kids

C．So they will be able to burn even more calories

D．That’s why you don’t see many kids in health clubs

E．Whether they are overweight or at a healthy weight

F．If your child is very active and is still gaining weight

G．But that doesn’t have to be 60 minutes of continuous activity