1 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Living in the countryside?

Rolling hills and endless green pastures — those images are easy to conjure when thinking of the peaceful country lifestyle.

When lockdowns descended upon many countries across the world during the pandemic, social media seemed to be dominated by pictures of cottages and village life. So, why is living in the countryside becoming a modern fantasy — and are there benefits to considering a slower pace of life?

It makes sense that some people would want to give up the crowded and noisy city streets for the perceived tranquility of the traditional country life — especially during an event like a pandemic. The lockdowns and extensive periods of working from home have given people time to think about what they want from life. But it’s not just about having a greener place to look at out your window.

There is more evidence that relates to the benefits of rural living. Villages aren’t normally subject to the stop-go traffic we see in city centres, the buses fighting with taxis for dominance, or metro systems with trains that scream from one station to the next. In short, there’s less air pollution in your country retreat — a thing which increases the chances of developing respiratory conditions or heart disease. You also get more opportunities to take long walks and see the sights, meaning you can get more exercise. Less noise, more walks and better air can also lead to less stress and an increased life expectancy, according to studies such as one conducted by the British government in 2012.

However, there are some things that need to be considered.

Weather can be a large drawback when it comes to moving to the countryside. In some parts of the country, the winters bring blizzards and the spring brings torrential rains and flooding.

Living .far from the hustle and bustle of the city means that some, people may feel isolated or even lonely. And as people get older, life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge.

So, if you’re considering a change of pace and moving to a picturesque village, there is a range of pros and cons to consider before taking the plunge.

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2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.

Mutton’s Not Just a Winter Delicacy Anymore

Winter is often deemed the best season to eat mutton, but that is not the case in Shanghai.

The annual mutton festival began today in Zhuanghang Town, Fengxian District,     1     highlight of the city’s summer rural tourism market.

Running until August 22, the festival features tasting and cooking events     2     agriculture-related activities.

The history of eating mutton in sanfu,     3     (hot) period of summer, in Zhuanghang dates back to the Yuan Dynasty (1279-1368). The Zhuanghang goat is both delicious and nutritious.

Mutton braised in soy sauce and plain boiled mutton are popular in Zhuanghang during the festival. A must-have accompaniment to mutton is shaojiu (a Chinese rice spirit); the tradition of tasting mutton with shaojiu is listed as an intangible cultural heritage of Shanghai.

Mutton has a reputation for its tender taste, marbled texture, rich flavors and thick soup. According to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, goat meat, like beef and lamb, is considered a “hot” food and thus     4     (avoid) or taken in smaller quantities on hot sweltering days of summer.

But for hundreds of years, the people of Zhuanghang town in Fengxian district     5     (eat) goat meat during the summer. They eat locally produced goat meat     6     they sip homemade shaojiu or huangjiu (yellow rice wine). This hearty mix of alcohol and goat meat promotes sweating,     7     some traditional medicine practitioners believe helps the body expel toxins and prevent illnesses in the forthcoming winter. Goat meat is also believed to be an excellent way of building up “energy” in the body that will last through the winter season. That’s why eateries in Zhuanghang are usually packed with diners during summer.

Li Yingchun, boss of a local goat meat restaurant in Zhuanghang, claims that his restaurant receives 8,000 to 10,000 customers on average every weekday. The number     8     reach as high as 12,000 on weekends, according to a daily report.

The Fengxian District Culture and Tourism Bureau said it is with the help of the traditional festival which caters to the travel, dining, entertaining and leisure demand of tourists     9     rural revitalization will be achieved.

    10     Zhuanghang, Zhangze Town in Songjiang District also has the tradition of eating mutton in sanfu. Its own mutton festival kicks off on Saturday and runs until October.

3 . Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in line with a child's growing grasp of social and moral standards. Children aren't born knowing how to say “I'm sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.

In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad reputation. It is deeply uncomfortable—it's the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket stuffed with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what role guilt can serve”, says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't binary-feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.

And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our own goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.

Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can control their disgusting behaviors. And vice versa: high sympathy can substitute for low guilt.

In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the children's self-observations, she rated each child's overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral wrongdoings. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how likely they were to feel guilty. The ones more likely to feel guilty tended to share more, even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other children.

“That's good news,” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”

1. The underlined word “appease” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to “_________”.

A．content

B．disappoint

C．amuse

D．distract

2. The writer mentions the comparison of guilt to “a jacket stuffed with stones” to show people's _________.

A．general impression of guilt being overestimated

B．incorrect idea about the nature and function of guilt

C．out-of date belief of guilt being their primary burden

D．long-held prejudice against those who often feel guilty

3. What can be inferred from the chocolate coin experiment?

A．It's necessary to ensure kids feel guilty about their wrongdoings.

B．Regretful kids need to be given a chance to correct their behaviors.

C．Feeling guilty has the power to make kids become more sympathetic

D．The highest guilt could possibly be found in kids with the lowest sympathy.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．Guilt vs Sympathy	B．Good News for Guilty People
C．Don't feel Guilty About Your Guilt	D．What Lies Underneath Your Guilt

4 . There's no feeling quite like walking alongside the river.

It's the last light in the valley, and the sound of rushing water drowned out all others. I walk the river's edge with my dog, Mosi, whose inability to hear over the waterfall makes him nervous. Despite his impressive size, he runs sheepishly at my feet. At first glance, we walk to fish, but actually we move at the urging of naturalists long since passed—of John Burroughs and of Loren Eiseley—and of my parents, Norman and Paula, who are still alive today but live far from this Kenya valley. Walk in the woods, their voices advise, along the banks of a river where, in the blue end of a day, you may find the rhythms that fascinate you. There, among the fish and the flowers and the forces that bind them, you might make peace with your worried mind.

I began to venture into the highlands of central Kenya in 2013 with the hope that its rivers might throw their _________ power upon me, smoothing my edges as they have, over time, polished the stones in their path. I've never been free of emotional stress, but my years of working as a photojournalist in some of Africa's most conflict-ridden environment left additional barbs in me. With time it became hard to distinguish between the conflicts that existed inside me and the ones that I witnessed through the lens. Gradually they became intertwined, and I felt an expanding sense of tension and discomfort inside me.

Fly-fishing seemed a cure of the pain of photographing people's suffering, as I'd done so often in recent years. I hadn't cast a fishing line since the age of 10 or so, when I used bait to fish the Atlantic waters that surrounded the places I lived at a child, first along the coast of New Jersey and later in Massachusetts. My mother's friend at that time taught me the basics. He was a large, athletic man who'd been in the U. S. Army Special Forces, an experience that left him with his own scars. At dusk by the river, his hand resting comfortably on the rod, he seemed at ease.

Between assignments I began to drive around. The slow-flowing river drifts through protected forests, where a network of paths, used by humans, elephants and lions, cuts through thick vegetation. I came to realize that the river had given me more than I'd asked—I regained the peace inside me, and it seemed that I'd gone back to my childhood when sand sharks and puffer fish made my heart beat with curiosity.

1. Which of the following statements is true according to the first two paragraphs?

A．The author came to the valley to fish as well as to make peace with his worried mind.

B．The deafening sound of the waterfall made the author and his dog quite scared.

C．The author's parents advised him to discover nature in the depths of the valley.

D．The valley environment is said to have a healing power upon one's heart.

2. Which of the following is the best word to fill in the blank in the 2^nd paragraph?

A．rushing.

B．shaking.

C．transforming.

D．encouraging.

3. Which of the following statements is true about the author?

A．His occupation as a cameraman added to his inner frustration.

B．He got to make friends with his mother's friend because of fly-fishing.

C．In his spare time, he often walked through the vegetation along the paths.

D．Finally he was cured by his childhood experience with sand sharks and puffer fish.

4. Which of the following best serves as the title for the passage?

A．My Job in Photography Led Me to a Valley.	B．A River Heals the Scar Left by a Camera.
C．The Call of Naturalists Pushed Me to Explore.	D．The Fishing Rod Links Nature With My Heart.

5 . Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

American College of Physicians 'stepped out of its lane" by placing gun control in medical education. Stanley Gold-farb, formerly the associate dean of curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine, argued that teaching social justice issues and population health comes "at the expense of strict training in medical science" at a time when sub-specialists are in short supply. But many physicians, ourselves included, think social issues should be at the heart of medical education.

Formal medical school typically takes four years, followed by several years of residency（住院医生实习期）and often a fellowship（研究员职位）, and during that short time students have a wide range of competing requirements. They must learn complex biological and chemical pathways that explain diseases and health. They must be educated on how to read the the scientific literature and apply it to their patients. They must master many therapies and know how to adapt them to patients' varied diseases states. On top of all this, they must learn to communicate effectively and compassionately with patients and colleagues.

Being a good doctor also demands that we understand the reasons behind poor health. Our mission is not simply to diagnose, manage and treat. Physicians should act to prevent the root causes of illness and improve well-being. Physicians are trained to tackle problems at their root. System and structural-level social issues are also drivers of poor health, and it is our duty to address them. Medical training must evolve to produce doctors who are able to not only treat the individual but also understand the larger influencers of health -- of which gun violence is most emphatically one. As medical professors, we would fail our students -- and our patients - if we expected any less.

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6 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. stranded        B. unsettling       C. vast        D. alternating        E. titled        F. breaking G. unparalleled       H. unfolding       I. sprung       J. distress       K. solidity

Finding Comfort in War and Peace

Over the past 15 years, Yiyun Li, a Chinese-American author, has read War and Peace at least a dozen times. Her hardback copy of Leo Tolstoy's 1,200 - page saga bristles with colored notes, like some exotic lizard's spine. The novel is not just a masterclass in fiction, Ms. Li believes, but a cure for     1    . At the most difficult times in her life, she says, she has turned to it again and again, reassured by its "    2    " in the face of uncertainty.

War and Peace - originally     3     The Year 1805 - is widely considered the world's greatest novel. It is also among the most daunting(令人敬畏的), acknowledged Richard Pevear, one of its translators, "as     4     as Russia itself." Its huge canvas(画布)encompasses(包含)not just Napoleon's wars against the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires from 1805 to 1812, but a cast whose actions and emotions span the breath of human consciousness. As a literary critic has noted, Tolstoy is the supreme novelist of human conflicts. His epic(史诗)is a(n)     5     examination of how people respond to the pressure of both wars and ordinary life.

So large is Tolstoy's world, Ms. Li reckoned, that there could be no better companion for people     6     in isolation. She thought of virtual book club to sustain readers through the lockdown. Participants around the globe would plough through this book together and share their thoughts on social media. It would be an anchor in     7     times. To their amazement, when it began in mid-March 3,000 people on six continents signed up.

Other book clubs have     8     up to discuss great literature during the pandemic. But Tolstoy's novel reflects the atmosphere of life in quarantine better. Its     9     structure, shifting between battlefields and the salons of Russian high society, mirrors the disorienting split in readers' own attention - between their own personal, stilled states and the calamity(灾祸)    10     outside.

7 . A Universal Greeting: Shaking Hands

A handshake seems to be a normal gesture. In fact, in the 9th century BC, an ancient site during the ruling of Shalmaneser III clearly shows two figures holding hands.The Iliad,usually dated to the 8th century BC, mentions that two characters “taking each other's hands and expressing their loyalty," Centuries later, Shakespeare once wrote of two characters who shook hands and swore to be brothers in the bookAs You Like It.Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom whose roots have disappeared in the sands of time.

Historians who have studied ancient etiquette books note that the modern handshake did not appear until the middle of the 19th century, when it was considered a slightly inappropriate gesture that could only be used between friends. But what if Shakespeare had written about handshaking hundreds of years earlier?

According to author Torbjorn Lundmark in hisTales of Hi and Bye: Greeting and Parting Rituals Around the World,the problem comes in differing definitions of the handshake. The early handshakes mentioned above were part of making deals or peace; King Shalmaneser 111 referred to a rebellion in which he signed a treaty with the King of Babylon. In theIliad,Diomedes and Glaucus shook, hands when they realized they were guest-friends, and Diomedes declared: "Let's not try to kill each other." Shakespeare was similarly referencing settlement of a conflict.

The modern handshake as a form of greeting is harder to trace. As a Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg — the chief authority for the history of handshaking — wrote in a chapter of ananthologycalledA Cultural History of Gesture,“More than in any other field, that of the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues”.

One of the earliest clues he cites is a 16th-century German translation of the French writer Rabelais'sGargantua and Pantagruel.When one character meets Gargantua, Rabelais writes, “He was greeted by countless hugs and countless good days." But according to Roodenburg, the 16th-century German translation added references to shaking hands.

A popular saying suggests that Cleland's statements against bowing were actually a wish to go back to a potentially traditional method of greeting in Europe. As the centuries progressed, handshaking was replaced by more hierarchical ways of greeting — like bowing. According to Roodenburg, handshaking survived in a few remote places, like in Dutch towns where some would use the gesture to make peace after disagreements. Around the same time, those who valued equality also made use of handshaking. Then, as the Continent's hierarchy was weakened, handshaking became a common practice among people of the same rank, as it is today.

1. Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first two paragraphs?

A．To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to find.

B．To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom.

C．To show readers that handshaking is common in fiction.

D．To explain the value of handshaking in communication.

2. What can we learn about handshaking from the passage?

A．The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is easy to trace.

B．Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in Holland.

C．It was used only between friends and to reach an agreement.

D．It is a common practice between people of different social positions.

3. Which of the following is similar in meaning to "anthology"in Para. 4?

A．the science of mental ability	B．a collection of selected literary passages
C．a daily written record of experiences	D．all the living things of a particular region

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage?

A．The handshake has disappeared in some remote parts of the Netherlands.

B．Handshaking has different meanings in different European countries.

C．Most Europeans prefer to shake hands rather than bow.

D．Handshakes are now common between people of different positions.

8 . The Benefits of Drinking Water

Water is an important part of a healthy diet and lifestyle, and the benefits of drinking water are nowadays drawing more and more attention. It helps to clean the body's interior and also aids in the _________ of oxygen and nutrients. In fact, nearly every system in our bodies _________ water for proper functioning. But what will happen if the water you drink every day is unhealthy?

In past decades, _________ about tap water and its impact on overall health led some people to turn to bottled drinking water instead. _________, in those days, there were few choices of bottled waters. As we have learned more about the water we drink, the technology behind drinking water filters and purification systems has _________ dramatically. There are filtering (过滤) devices to _________ impurities, chemicals, heavy metals, bacteria and everything you can think of. With the right size and filter combination for your specific home, your tap water can be _________ pure and healthy.

Many people who choose bottled drinking water understand that it is more expensive, but they are still willing to pay the extra money_________ bottled water is thought to be safer and healthier than filtered drinking water. After all, bottled water is often marketed as natural spring water or pure glacier water. _________, few bottled waters come from natural springs, and most of them use municipal (市政的) tap water. The companies are able to __________ this false marketing because the regulations and standards for bottled drinking water are less strict than those for domestic drinking sources.

So how do you tell if the water you are drinking now is really healthy? With tap water, it is __________ easy. If your water comes from a municipal source, the suppliers are __________ by law to provide annual water quality reports. When it comes to bottled drinking waler, you'll feel more difficult to know what you are getting. If the label doesn't give any information, you can call the __________ and ask.

Safe and healthy drinking water has become a big __________. Before going out and spending your hard earned money for bottled drinking water that may be __________ our own tap water, it is obviously a good idea to do some research. You are likely to decide that a purifier is the healthier choice and provides the best value as well.

1.

A．conduction

B．delivery

C．combination

D．transformation

2.

A．relies on

B．takes up

C．does with

D．engages in

3.

A．problems

B．concerns

C．conditions

D．events

4.

A．However

B．Therefore

C．Moreover

D．Otherwise

5.

A．satisfied

B．comforted

C．improved

D．challenged

6.

A．burn

B．carry

C．change

D．remove

7.

A．seemingly

B．exceptionally

C．incidentally

D．falsely

8.

A．though

B．in case

C．because

D．while

9.

A．In reality

B．In person

C．In advance

D．In addition

10.

A．come off

B．run across

C．put up with

D．get away with

11.

A．relatively

B．terribly

C．gradually

D．sadly

12.

A．required

B．forced

C．ruled

D．allowed

13.

A．designer

B．inventor

C．bottler

D．explorer

14.

A．challenge

B．career

C．argument

D．business

15.

A．no less than

B．no better than

C．no more than

D．no worse than

9 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Buy a Cup of Coffee for a Stranger

Coffee has developed rapidly and soon become an essential friend and companion for many people.

    1     you first meet her, you'll   drink it for a while, feeling refreshed. Slowly, the deeper you go, the more you'll become addicted to it, attracted by her unique smell. You can't help but     2     (follow) her, and you always think coffee has a story.

Coffee can be traced back to about the 10th century AD. It was     3     the 16th century that coffee was introduced to Europe. The way that coffee is grown and made has been refined by the Arabs, and modern coffee is all beverages (饮料).

How about buying a cup of coffee for someone you'll never meet? It may sound like the latest trend in the coffee culture, but a suspended coffee is     4     (heartwarming) than a popular latte. The tradition born in a cafe in the southern Italian city of Naples is to buy a cup or two of coffee in advance for     5     who need it later in the day. A customer-in-need can then later ask if there is a suspended coffee available and have a hot drink     6     having to pay for it.

It may be hard to imagine that this idea has become an internet fashion, with countless coffee shops in Europe and North America     7     (participate) in the movement. The Facebook page alone has more than 28, 000 “likes". The tradition of suspended coffee is a long-standing one in Italy    8     increased in popularity after the Second World War. Agence France-Presse reported last week the practice was starting to be popular in other European countries     9     (hit) hard economically. More than 150 cafes in Bulgaria were taking part. At the very cafes customers can ask whether there are any suspended coffees available, and if so, they     10     (supply) with a beverage, thanks to the kindness of a stranger.

10 . 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。
1.

A．Colleagues.	B．Classmates.
C．Schoolmates.	D．Roommates.

2.

A．He hasn't finished his paper.	B．lie has bought a lot of new clothes.
C．He is going to help the woman.	D．His ideas in the paper are very new.

3.

A．Prof Li is strict with his students.	B．Prof. Li has a lot of working experience.
C．They need Prof Li's help on their thesis.	D．They like Prof. Li's class.

4.

A．Nervous.

B．Proud.

C．Anxious.

D．Confident.