1 . In our youth-obsessed culture, one would assume that your self-esteem peaks in your 20s—but that’s not the case. Researchers from the University of Bern set out to determine when the average person’s self-esteem is the highest, and the good news is that your peak comes decades later.
Researchers found that self-esteem increases throughout one’s lifetime, with a slight plateau during those awkward teen years. Our self-esteem levels then start rising again and don’t peak until well into midlife. The highest point for self-esteem level happen at age 60 when they can retire and stay there until a slight decline in one’s 70s and 80s.
This news that our self-esteem will continue to rise or stay steady during the majority of our lives is exciting. We often hear of increased stress in the decades of midlife, but there are upsides too. “Midlife is, for many adults, a time of high stability in relationships and work. Moreover, most people further invest in their roles, which might promote their self-esteem,” researcher Dr. Orth told the journalist. “For example, people take on managerial roles at work, maintain a satisfying relationship with their spouse or partner, and help their children become responsible and independent.”
As we age and our roles tend to change, it’s natural for self-esteem to take a small hit. “Old age frequently involves loss of social roles as a result of retirement, the empty nest, and, possibly, widowhood. In addition, aging often leads to negative changes in other possible sources of self-esteem, such as socioeconomic status and health.” Dr. Orth said. However, it’s important to remember that it’s only a slight decrease. Dr. Orth believes that most people maintain a high self-esteem level even into their 90s and beyond.
1. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “peak”?A.Minimum. | B.Maximum. |
C.Average. | D.Height. |
A.A newly-retired person. | B.A teenage boy. |
C.A person in his/her 80s. | D.A middle-aged person. |
A.It is destructive. | B.It is unnatural. |
C.It is important. | D.It is acceptable. |
A.A guide. | B.A fiction. |
C.A textbook. | D.A magazine. |
2 . What were you doing when you were nine years old? Making crafts from a Klutz book? Kicking around a soccer ball? Designing a business plan to deal with plastic pollution and relieve childhood poverty? Zymal Umar showed us the latter. The Pakistan’s youngest businesswoman has started a project entitled Zee Bags, which aims to reduce plastic pollution by providing an environmentally-friendly alternative to plastic grocery bags.
When Zymal was on a shopping trip with her parents three years ago, she was shocked by the number of plastic bags on the streets. Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act. Since then she has created beautiful, unique reusable newspaper bags for hundreds of customers.
It’s amazing to see this youngster using her brains and business skills for good. And she should certainly feel proud of the work she is doing. After all, plastic grocery bags are killing thousands of marine animals every year through their contribution to plastic waste. According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually—that’s about two million bags used per minute around the world.
And those bags certainly don’t disappear into thin air. Instead, they end up in our oceans, putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution. And plastic bags are just one of the many forms of plastic trash that ends up in the oceans—in fact, an astonishing 8. 8 million tons of this material make their way from land to the oceans every single year.
But with Zee Bags, we’re all empowered to make more thoughtful choices about our trash production. And Zymal’s amazingness doesn’t stop there—the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.How Zymal felt about her shopping trip. |
B.How Zymal learned about plastic pollution. |
C.How Zymal was received by the shopkeeper. |
D.How Zymal was inspired to create her bags. |
A.To praise Zymal for her great efforts. |
B.To urge readers to stop using plastics. |
C.To stress the seriousness of plastic pollution. |
D.To show the rich knowledge of the author. |
A.She is amazing in every aspect of her life. |
B.She has concern for the disadvantaged. |
C.She urges everyone to be eco-friendly. |
D.She earns a lot of money from her business. |
A.Caring. | B.Determined. |
C.Confident. | D.Optimistic. |
要求:1. 字数达标,100左右
2. 字迹整洁清晰
3. 卷面干净无污
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4 . When you think of a typical American, who do you picture? A pretty blond white American like Taylor Swift? Or a handsome black American like basketball star Kobe Bryant? In fact, there was a time when the average American looked like neither of these people.
Back in the year 1500, the average American was a brown-skinned hunter-gatherer who probably rode a horse and wore clothing made from animal skins. Today, the ancestors of these people—who usually identify themselves based on their individual tribes such as Iriquois. Apache and Navajo—are broadly referred to as “Native Americans”, “American Indians” or simply “Indians”.
There’s a chance that you’ve never even heard of American Indians. That’s because there aren’t very many left. When the European settlement of North America began, there was intense (激烈的) conflict between settlers from overseas and these native people. After the British government and military were expelled in the Revolutionary War, conflicts with natives continued as the states were created that would later make up the US. In these conflicts, millions of natives were killed.
In 1830, former US president Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act. This act required all Indians to migrate to west of the Mississippi River to allow for the expansion of the US. American Indians were treated as a military “enemy” until 1924, when the few Indians still alive at that point we granted US citizenship. That was the first time that the US government formally recognized the rights of Indians.
While the story of the American Indians has been a sad one, their legacy is still felt every day in the US. Many US geographical names come from Indian languages, such as Ohio, Topeka, Kansas and the Potomac River. At the same time, there are many successful academics and other important US leaders who are descended from Indians. And nowadays, more and more history classes in US public schools are educating students about how Indian suffered during the settlement of the US.
Although what happened can not be undone, we can learn at least one thing from the sad history of the Indians: If we want a better future, we must look carefully and honestly at the past.
1. What is the article mainly about?A.The history of the settlement of the US. |
B.What a typical American is lie. |
C.American Indians’ economic impact on the US |
D.The sad story of American Indians. |
A.were required to live along the Mississippi River |
B.were finally granted US citizenship |
C.were regarded as a military “enemy” of the US |
D.were expelled from the US by the British government |
A.American youths are becoming more informed of the suffering of the Indians. |
B.The majority of them lived in the states of Ohio and Kansas. |
C.Some of their languages are still used today. |
D.There are few influential American Indians in US history. |
A.He doesn’t have much interest in it. |
B.It’s miserable to be reminded of it. |
C.Every school in US should teach classes about it. |
D.It’s important to learn from it. |
5 . Holidays can be very exciting but they require a bit of preparation in advance to make sure everything goes smoothly. One requirement is to pack for the trip — and an organizational expert has exposed an important luggage (行李) mistake.
Holidays see many travelers grabbing (抓住;攫取) the majority of their clothing while packing in a panic, but they won't have enough options when they get to their destination. This often ends up in overpacking, and numerous items never being worn. It's important to think carefully about what you put in your luggage. Cutting down the items to take is key.
An organizational expert, Vicky Silverthorn, provides some tips around how packing can be made much easier. The result is a less stressful (紧张的) experience, meaning people get more out of their holidays.
One of Vicky’s top holiday tips is to make sure you pack clothes together. “Everyone’s made the mistake of not thinking through clothes while packing — throwing random items into a suitcase before realizing that nothing goes,” Vicky told Express.co.uk. “To avoid this, pack complete clothes together so that every item has a purpose. When you come to unpack they’ll be ready to wear, and it always works to separate them out by ‘pool’, ‘beach’, ‘evening’ and so on.”
Vicky claims, “The night before you travel is also important — and, if you’re travelling early, you can make life easier for yourself in advance. One top tip is to leave your suitcase by the front door along with a list of things to do before you leave the house. If you do this the night before you’ll limit the chances of forgetting any key details, this can be particularly vital if you’re flying with family.”
1. What’s the purpose of this passage?A.To make a summary about traveling. |
B.To advertise traveling for a company. |
C.To inform some guidelines about traveling. |
D.To provide some suggestions about how to pack. |
A.They are in a panic while packing. |
B.They take too many clothing never being worn. |
C.They won't have enough options about their destination. |
D.They think carefully about what they put in their luggage. |
A.packing together with someone |
B.throwing random items into a suitcase |
C.arranging clothes for a specific purpose |
D.wearing suitable clothes to a certain place |
A.Because he travels early. |
B.Because the front door is near. |
C.Because he can fly with his family |
D.Because it might prevent leaving important items behind. |
1.推荐一个目的地;
2.推荐理由;
3.表达祝愿。
注意:
1、词数100左右;
2、结束语已为你写好。
Dear Henry,
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Yours,
Li Hua
You may think you cannot live through summer without air conditioners. But in ancient China, hand fans were almost the only help for people
Chinese people started to use hand fans over 2,000 years ago. The fans came
Shaped like
Meanwhile, men, especially the literati (文人), used zheshan. The literati liked them because they could paint and write poems on them.
8 . Should you listen to music when you work? Some will say they love it, claiming that it improves their performance; others will say they cannot work effectively with music playing in the background.
In a recent study, we brought participants into our lab with a variety of tasks. They included an easy task — searching through word lists and crossing out words containing the letter “a” and a more difficult task — memorizing word pairs and recalling the partner to each word. Some participants completed all of the tasks in silence, whereas others completed the tasks with instrumental music that was either loud or soft, and either simple or complex, the latter meaning music with more instrumental tracks.
We found that participants who listened to simple music or no music performed about the same on the easy task.
A.What should we make of these findings? |
B.Several key findings emerged from our study. |
C.However, difficult tasks already demand a lot of our mental resources. |
D.Our research has found that the effects of work may depend on our personalities. |
E.We want to develop a more comprehensive framework that could be applied broader. |
F.However, participants who listened to complex music performed best on the easy task. |
G.Interestingly enough, our research has found that both of these perspectives can be true. |
Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating? How about those who beautify their selfie (自拍) so much that they can’t be
Take my friend Chen for example. Every time we went to a restaurant, she would not take a
Many people care too much about others’ opinions and try too hard to
If they really want an elegant life, they should put more
A.envied | B.admired | C.defeated | D.recognized |
A.survive | B.exist | C.flood | D.spot |
A.how | B.what | C.where | D.whom |
A.bow | B.bite | C.breath | D.break |
A.offered | B.served | C.ordered | D.prepared |
A.cooking | B.washing | C.setting | D.collecting |
A.arranged | B.messy | C.casual | D.correct |
A.dishes | B.restaurants | C.pictures | D.tables |
A.choice | B.chance | C.excuse | D.reason |
A.months | B.years | C.weeks | D.days |
A.comfort | B.inspire | C.please | D.discourage |
A.independent | B.generous | C.responsible | D.confident |
A.secret | B.healthy | C.peaceful | D.real |
A.rarely | B.hardly | C.exactly | D.nearly |
A.change | B.difficulty | C.guidance | D.harm |
A.question | B.dislike | C.follow | D.doubt |
A.effort | B.ambitions | C.feelings | D.money |
A.other than | B.more than | C.rather than | D.less than |
A.identifying | B.amusing | C.persuading | D.accepting |
A.simplifying | B.ruining | C.beautifying | D.worsening |
10 . The rapid growth in skyscrapers worldwide has led to a high demand for window washers since most of these buildings feature large glass panes (窗格) to highlight their breathtaking views.
Though the job offers a handsome salary, dangling alongside multi-story structures is dangerous, and accidents are not uncommon. However, if Israel-based company Skyline Technologieshas its way, the dangerous chore may soon be taken care of by Ozmo, an intelligent window cleaning robot.
"As a society, we've become too comfortable watching people hanging off the sides of 30-story buildings," says Yaron Schwarez, co-founder and CEO of Skyline Robotics. "No salary could justify allowing people to put their lives in the hands of a system of ropes."
Much like humans, Ozmo is placed on platforms suspended from the buildings and uses its arms and brushes to clean the dirt on the glass panes. A 3D map of the building's surface programmed into its system allows the robot to skillfully handle obstacles as it moves up and down the structure. Computer vision and touch sensors enable it to move out of the way in case of unexpected events, such as the sudden opening of a window.
Unlike current window washers, the robot cleaner does not require soap to clean the glass. Instead, it uses distilled water (蒸馏水) and a process called dirt absorption to do the job. Schwarez explains, "We use pure water to absorb and remove the salts, the minerals, the oils, and the dirt from the building. We are environmentally-friendly."
Ozmo is also expected to be much more efficient than humans. While it currently takes three cleaners 480 hours each to clean the windows of a 40-story glass building, the robot will single-handedly complete the task in just 80 hours. However, unlike other robots, Ozmo will not replace human workers. It will only make their jobs safer by lifting them to the role of supervisors, who will be remotely controlling the operation from below.
Whether Ozmo, which is still undergoing testing, does as good a job as human remains to be seen.
1. Which of the following can best replace the phrase "has its way" in paragraph 2?A.Succeeds. | B.Hesitates. |
C.Struggles. | D.Exists. |
A.It requires chemicals to clean. |
B.It has trouble crossing obstacles. |
C.It operates with great efficiency. |
D.It works without human helpers. |
A.Optimistic. |
B.Doubtful |
C.Unconceded. |
D.Objective. |
A.Ozmo: a Double-edged Sword. |
B.Ozmo: a Smart Window Cleaner. |
C.Window Washing: a Dangerous Job. |
D.Window Washing: a Blessing in Disguise. |