1 . 阅读下面短文 , 在空白处填人1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Born into an ethnic Miao family in rural Guizhou Province, Zhang was exposed from a young age to the rich tradition of Miao embroidery (刺绣) —     1     cultural craft that has been passed down through generations. She spent countless hours as a child     2     (observe) her mother and grandmother stitching fancy patterns onto fabrics by hand. In 2003, hoping to modernize and share this heritage, she opened her first clothing shop in the provincial capital.

A decade later, Zhang     3    (establish) her own clothing brand focused on combining traditional Chinese-style qipao dresses with colorful customized embroidery patterns. “We have trained hundreds of local Miao women in the ancient needlework techniques,” Zhang     4     (proud) remarked. “The clothing line celebrates their breathtaking handiwork,     5     I hope advances my home village’s revitalization.”

Her     6     (commit) to cultural preservation and rural development was recognized in 2019, when the China women’s Handicraft Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition     7    (hold) and Zhang’s innovative design collection won top honors. In an interview afterwards, she reflected on both preserving traditional skills through new media,     8    expanding economic opportunities for artisans. We attach equal importance     9     cultural inheritance and market expansion,” Zhang stated. “In the future, we’ll continue innovating designs     10    (display) Miao embroidery’s beauty and diversity.”

2 . If you’ve noticed you’re getting less while your bill almost stays the same, it’s not just you. “Shrinkflation” — reducing a product’s size or quantity while keeping its price stable — is showing up in shops around the world.

As the global economy struggles with inflation (通货膨胀), rising material costs and higher human cost, consumers are bearing the increasing production prices. “Consumers are more likely to notice how their purchases are affecting their wallets than the amount of product lost when sizes decrease,” says Mark Stiving, the chief pricing educator at Impact Pricing. As a result, companies use shrinkflation to make consumers “less painful”.

Yet even as shrinkflation comes with inflation, the problem doesn’t end after inflation does. Once the new sizes are on the shelf, they are likely to stay that way. “Shoppers don’t have a choice. They have to adapt themselves to the changes,” adds Stiving. There are rare exceptions, but companies generally take the opportunity to get more profits.

For many companies, shrinkflation seems to be unavoidable. In food industry, for example, where customers are highly sensitive to price, lifting prices might make customers jump ship to another brand. But facing the continuous inflation, the companies have to do something to maintain their profits. Introducing small reduction in the size of their goods should enable them to improve profits while keeping their prices competitive. But once customers notice the change, they might feel fooled, leading to a loss of trust and confidence.

Some grocers are using stickers to remind shoppers of shrinkflation, but still, it’s a tough hit to the bottom line — especially because the price of products generally doesn’t fall as inflation does. Consumers may need to examine both price and size sensibly as they shop, and make sure they don’t fall into the trap of that super size on the shelf.

1. Why does shrinkflation make consumers “less painful” according to Stiving?

A．Shrinkflation reduces human cost.

B．Shrinkflation raises purchasing power.

C．Consumers become more aware of size.

D．Consumers experience little increase in cost.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The concerns of shoppers.	B．The interests of companies.
C．The impact of shrinkflation.	D．The phenomenon of inflation.

3. What is the author’s attitude to the shrinkflation in paragraph 4?

A．Favorable.	B．Objective.
C．Dismissive.	D．Unclear.

4. What should consumers do according to the last paragraph?

A．Draw a bottom line.	B．Put warning stickers.
C．Choose smaller packs.	D．Make a conscious decision.

3 . Welcome to WSU Libraries! In this guide, we’ll unlock the mysteries of call numbers and location prefixes. Knowing these helps you quickly locate and access your desired books.

Call Numbers

Books and material are arranged on our shelves according to the Library of Congress (LC) classification system. These call numbers uniquely identify and organize items near other material on the same or similar subjects. Consider the call number: LB2395 C65 1991.

♦ LB defines the subject area. The call letters are typically arranged in alphabetical (字母的) order, starting from A and continuing through the alphabet. Knowing the letter(s) for your subject area gives you a place to start browsing the shelves. For example: A — General works; B — Philosophy, Psychology, Religion; D — world History; G — Geography; H— social sciences; J — Political science; K — Law; L— Education; M — Music; N — Arts; P— Language and Literature; Q — science. For more, click here.

♦ 2395 is the classification number, which further distinguishes the subject matter. Read as a whole number: 1, 2, 3, 45, 100, 2430.

♦ C65 is the Cutter number and usually represents the author’s last name. Find C, then 65. Read the number as a decimal (小数).

♦ 1991 is the year of publication.

Location Prefixes

Some call numbers have a location prefix. Location prefixes mean that the book or material is shelved in a special place, and may have loan restrictions. WSU uses the following prefixes:

1. Which book maybe identified under the call number “NU238 C719 2013” ?

A．An Introduction to Modern Art.	B．The ABC of Computer science.
C．The Recycling of waste oils.	D．A short History of France.

2. What would be the Cutter number if you are looking for a book by Whitney Sherman?

A．C78.

B．S53.

C．W67.

D．L59.

3. Where can you find the book “RES AG243 G87 1992”?

A．0n the 2nd or 4th floor of the library.

B．In the Reference Area on the 1st floor.

C．In the Circulation Area on the 1st floor.

D．At the Learning Resources Center on the 2nd floor.

4 . Do you ever find yourself saving the good things in life for some distant moment in the future? Maybe you have a collection of fancy plates that only see the light of day on special occasions, or perhaps you’re waiting for the perfect time to wear that beautiful dress put away in your closet.     1    

In a recent conversation with leading psychologist Dr. Alison McClymont, we explored the idea of giving ourselves permission to enjoy the good things now, rather than waiting for an uncertain future.     2     So saving pleasure for the future may be pointless.

But why do we feel the need to save things for best?     3     It’s typically British to save our crockery or clothes for “special” occasions. This mindset may have originated from times when resources were not enough and has been passed down through generations. However, when we feel abundant, we are more willing to use and appreciate our favorite things regularly.

Welcoming the joy of everyday life can be seen as an act of self-love. We are supposed to surround ourselves with things that bring us happiness, even in ordinary moments.     4     It’s also about finding ways to renew our worth, fighting the negative thoughts that we don’t deserve to enjoy the good things in life.

    5     Take out those fancy plates for a simple weeknight dinner. Wear that beautiful dress to run errands or pick up your kids from school. Celebrate the small moments and make them extraordinary. Because in the end, life is too short to deny ourselves joy. Let’s break free from the mindset of waiting for the perfect moment. Embrace the joy of everyday life and make every day a celebration.

A．So, why not start now?

B．Well, it’s time to reconsider.

C．By doing so, we can boost our overall well-being.

D．After all, there will be more happiness in store for us.

E．Actually, cultural and generational factors play a crucial role.

F．The reason may be that our well-being is closely related to abundance.

G．If we deny ourselves small moments of joy, we may never get them again.

5 . Going through life can be very challenging at times. When we were young no one told us how hard it would be in the future. One of the biggest problems of adult life is having self-doubt. It is tiresome and can kill your confidence if not controlled from the get-go.

We will all experience self-doubt, which is natural. It happens to us during normal days or whenever we are going to start a new job, a new task, or a new relationship. Anything new in life will make you somehow doubt yourself. This sort of feeling forces you into a dark abyss (深渊) where nothing seems to go right and you might feel like giving up. That is the time to be strong.

There are some people out there that mistake self-doubt for something else. Self-doubt is the feeling that you are unsure about one or more parts of yourself. For example, when starting a new job, you might feel inexperienced or think that you are not fit enough for the job.

Self-doubt isn’t all that bad. Low-level of self-criticism is actually good for you. It motivates you and pushes you to be better in life, to become greater than yesterday. Such feeling will push you to work harder and faster than before and will also increase your productivity, but it should be a low level of self-criticism. You don’t want to punish yourself over things that are beyond your control.

In order to be a better version of ourselves, tough love can be a good motivator but we don’t need to become a drill sergeant (教官) while doing that. Over-criticizing ourselves actually does more harm than good, and I say this from experience. Overworking and a fear of failure only lead to self-damage.

1. What does the author want to convey about self-doubt in Paragraph 1?

A．Its levels.

B．Its causes.

C．Its types.

D．Its harms.

2. What’s the author’s view about self-doubt?

A．It is an unnatural thing for all of us.	B．It can happen anywhere at any time.
C．It only makes us weak and disappointed.	D．It can be easily avoided with our efforts.

3. Why does the author talk about a new job in Paragraph 3?

A．To state how hard it is to start it.	B．To stress it needs our experience.
C．To explain how self-doubt starts.	D．To tell the normal feelings to get it.

4. Self-doubt is beneficial only when ________.

A．you keep it at a proper level	B．you overlook yourself
C．you punish yourself often	D．you work all the time

6 . Summer Clayton may not have children in real life, but he’s “a proud dad” to 2.8 million people on the Internet.

Every week, he sits down to dinner and has a _______ chat with his “kids”. He looks into the camera and asks about their day. He _______ them how to shave, and reminds them it’s OK to be _______ when life hurts. To some, his one-way conversations may seem _______ . But his efforts have struck a chord (引起共鸣) among people who _______ a father figure — or just someone who listens to their_______in the daily life.

Clayton is a civilian fitness trainer in real life. He started _______on the Internet in late 2020 with inspirational and how-to videos, and_______ jokingly called him “dad”. His first video to go viral was a shaving how-to — a _______ to someone who sent him a message asking, “Hey Dad, can you teach me how to shave?” The video ________ , earning him tens of thousands of new fans within hours.

Clayton’s extended family comes in all ________ . Many of his “kids” are old enough to be his parents. Clayton’s ________ doesn’t seem to bother his fans. At 58, Sarah D’Imperio may not seem like Clayton’s target audience, but she believes that it’s a(n) ________ idea, especially for youngsters who may not have a paternal (父亲的) role model that listens or has ________ to listen. “It’s just heartwarming to see someone trying to________ a small part of that role for anyone,” she says.

1.

A．quick

B．formal

C．secret

D．virtual

2.

A．trains

B．convinces

C．teaches

D．supports

3.

A．painful

B．peaceful

C．shameful

D．hopeful

4.

A．dull

B．tough

C．silly

D．brief

5.

A．find

B．need

C．admit

D．start

6.

A．decisions

B．hobbies

C．excuses

D．troubles

7.

A．posting

B．profiting

C．searching

D．donating

8.

A．critics

B．followers

C．experts

D．reporters

9.

A．suggestion

B．promise

C．reward

D．response

10.

A．caught up

B．came out

C．blew up

D．held out

11.

A．places

B．ages

C．types

D．classes

12.

A．faith

B．experience

C．youth

D．appearance

13.

A．brilliant

B．ambitious

C．complicated

D．abstract

14.

A．luck

B．time

C．energy

D．honor

15.

A．value

B．create

C．define

D．fill

7 . Getting older means greater maturity and wisdom.     1     In a society that is aging fast, it has become crucial to find ways to prevent related mental and emotional disorders. Music emerges as a promising tool for promoting well-being of the elderly.

Music has a great power to cause strong emotions and intense pleasure.     2     singing and dancing to music with others is not only fun but also improves mood. Musical activities are great ways to reduce stress because they take our minds off problems. They also help us feel less lonely and more connected with other people.

    3     A song may become a soundtrack for a particular time, such as a delightful party with friends that you had along time ago. Listening to that song allows you to remember all the happy memories from that time.

Finally, music contributes to keeping our thinking skills sharp. It makes our brains work hard in unique ways to understand the rhythm and melody.     4     For example, exposure to background music, particularly classical music, during cognitive (认知的) tasks is shown to improve older people’s cognitive processes, such as processing speed and working memory.

In conclusion, music is a powerful tool to fight against aging-related emotional and cognitive problems. It is an enjoyable and social activity, available to anyone regardless of their background or previous musical experience.     5    

A．Music can also open forgotten doors to our memories.

B．Recalling happy memories can lift our mood on a bad day.

C．Even passive music listening can help elderly adults think better.

D．This helps people feel better when they are depressed or anxious.

E．However, it often involves a series of physical and mental challenges.

F．The ability to form new memories is essential for processing information.

G．Thus, this accessible intervention should become a major policy priority for healthy aging.

8 . We learn about the world through the knowledge accumulated over thousands of years. standing on the shoulders of great men, we don’t have to experience endless trial and error, just as the wheels do not have to be reinvented each time to run a car. But where does our ability to learn from others come from?

A study led by Markus Paulus, professor at Loyola Marymount University, shows that the ability has its roots in earliest childhood. “It’s generally assumed that children’s ability to imitate (模仿) is inborn, but according to our observation, children imitate because they themselves are imitated by caregivers. This interaction enables a cultural transfer of knowledge, which, through generations’ efforts, consequently leads to the development of human beings,” says Markus Paulus.

In this research, Paulus recorded the interaction between mother and child over several months. The babies came into the lab for the first time at the age of6 months , while their final visit was when they were18 months old. As they engaged in various play situations , the interactions and imitations of mother and child were analyzed. The long-term study showed that the more sensitive a mother was in her interactions with her six- month-old child and the more often she imitated the baby, the greater the child’s overall ability was at the age of18 months.

Paulus’ research shows that mutual imitation is the keystone of knowledge transfer , through which children successfully learn various skills, such as how to use objects , waving and acquisition of language. “This interaction is the nucleus of learning and, finally, gives rise to evolutionary success of human,” says Paulus.

“Cultural learning is an essential part of human evolution, and it is rooted in the imitation of others, particularly our caregivers during our earliest childhood,” says Paulus. “Through this, we learn from each other and pass on knowledge to the next generation, so certain actions or techniques do not have to be constantly invented again. ”

1. Why does the author mention the example of wheels?

A．To praise the invention of car wheels.	B．To describe the process of trial and error.
C．To emphasize the necessity of new tools.	D．To show the importance of prior knowledge.

2. What can we learn about Paulus’ research?

A．Children’s imitation was recorded by mothers.

B．Sensitive mothers encouraged children’s imitation.

C．Children’s ability was analyzed through interaction.

D．Effective interaction promoted children’s development.

3. What does the underlined word “nucleus” mean in paragraph 4?

A．Core.

B．Result.

C．Aim.

D．Content.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Why does Evolution Matter?	B．How to Interact with Children?
C．Imitation: The Engine of Evolution	D．Cultural Learning: The Root of Imitation

9 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Born into a medical family, Amar, a 15-year-old boy, was expected to be a doctor, but deep down in his heart, he was eager to take up writing as his future career. He was in a great dilemma whether to pursue his dream or live up to his parents’ expectation. until one day when his father gifted him a parrot.

The parrot had two hazy lines in her neck: black and red. Amar knew the hazy lines mark the stage of learning. “When there is a good teacher, how can his student be stupid” ,he used to believe. It was absolutely true.

Metto’s cage was yellow with a big door and a shiny silver rod (杆) running through the centre. Metto’s world was fantastic, surrounded by eight-foot white walls with some plum trees. And a lawn, with a palm tree in the middle, was dotted with multiple-color roses.

Back home from school every afternoon, Amar always slid the door of the cage up for Metto to set her free nearby the palm tree. Metto could set herself free because she learned how to slide up the door but she had never tried to do so. It was either love with Amar or, might be, she had never tasted the taste of a bigger world.

Amar always talked with Metto in Pashto (普什图语). Whenever Amar fished out peanuts from his pocket, Metto talked frequently “Toti choori khore” —parrot! Wanna eat choori. She had learned one more sentence after meeting with a friend belonging to jungle outside the white walls. She always said that at the end of meal “Da wakht bam teer she”—this shall to be passed, which Amar had never taught her.

Amar saw her friend coming daily and sitting in the plum tree nearby Metto’s cage. He let them and did nothing. “The new one can never succeed in winning her. After all, I feed her well. She will never leave me”, Amar murmured. But he didn’t know the new teacher had taught her something the old one hadn’t. It was the outer world with untouchable horizon.

注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

One day, on the way to feed her, Amar was shocked at what Metto was doing.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

His head hanging down; Amar came back home after long running.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Originating in southwest China, tea enriches and nourishes the life of Chinese people, and gives rise to a unique and profound tea culture.

Dating back to over 2000 years ago, tea has risen above differences in diets and cultures and enjoyed worldwide     1     (popular) with its unique fragrance. Since the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea has made     2     way to the world, through the Ancient Tea Horse Road and the Ancient Silk Road,     3     (shape) different tea drinking customs and cultures along the way. After the 18th century, Chinese tea seeds     4     (introduce) to India, Sri Lanka and later other countries, and now more than 60 countries are growing tea.

Chinese tea falls into six categories,     5     (name) green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea and dark tea,     6     (base) on different production methods and fermentation (发酵) degrees.     7     the only country in the world capable of producing and processing sixteen categories, China     8     (develop) an automated and standardized way with great innovation. In 2016, China exported 271,000 tons of green tea,     9     quality has won world recognition.

In tea, we find art, prosperity and our journey ahead. Chinese tea culture values harmony and sincerity,     10     spirit that shares the same origin with the Silk Road.