1 . In 1867, Caroline Shawk Brooks and her husband, Samuel, had a farm in Arkansas. Life on the farm was not easy. From sunrise to sunset, Caroline and Samuel milked cows, gardened, and picked cotton. This left Caroline no time for her dream of becoming an artist.

Time was not the only problem. Money was a worry too. The cotton crops were failing. What could Caroline and Samuel do?

Caroline decided to make butter (黄油) from their cows’milk and sell it at market. But other farms also made and sold butter. How would Caroline set her butter apart from the rest? This is where Caroline’s artistic talent came in. To draw attention to her butter, she began making small butter sculptures (雕塑). She used many different tools, such as butter paddles (搅拌器的浆叶), broom straws, and tree sticks. She also put the butter in a shallow tin pan, which sat in a larger tin pan filled with ice to stop the butter sculpture from melting.

Caroline’s butter sculptures were a hit. Before long, she was displaying them at fairs and exhibitions. One of her largest butter sculptures was a life-size statue called A Study in Butter. It was transported all the way to Paris for the 1878 world’s fair.

Caroline also made sculptures using marble (大理石). She eventually opened a studio in New York City where she created many marble sculptures, some of which were shown at the 1893 world’s fair in Chicago.

But Caroline never stopped making butter art. She considered butter a superior material to work with. At the 1893 fair, she also displayed her butter techniques with a sculpture of Christopher Columbus.

Caroline Shawk Brooks died in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1913. She is remembered as the first known American butter sculptor.

1. Why did Caroline make butter sculptures?

A．To realize her dream.	B．To make her butter stand out.
C．To make her farm famous.	D．To display her sculptures at the fair.

2. What do we know about Caroline and her sculptures?

A．Caroline made her art works all by machine.

B．The sculptures were all made from cow's milk.

C．Ice was used to keep the butter sculptures in shape.

D．Caroline stopped making sculptures after being world-famous.

3. Which words best describe Caroline?

A．Talented and successful.	B．Confident and caring.
C．Creative and rich.	D．Brave and famous.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．A Farming Pioneer.	B．A Great Sculptor.
C．The Butter Sculptures.	D．The Butter Artist.

2 . It’s 1: 45 a.m, and 21-year-old Thomas Murphy is studying for an important exam. To stay awake, he’s had two cups of coffee in the last three hours and is now downing a popular energy drink which also has caffeine.

Caffeine is present in many of the foods and drinks we consume (消耗), but is it good for us? Charles Czeisler, a scientist and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School, believes that caffeine causes us to lose sleep. “Without enough sleep — the typical eight hours -the human body will not work at its best, physically, mentally, or emotionally.” Too often, Czeisler says, we consume caffeine to stay awake, which later makes it impossible for us to get the rest we need.

A number of scientists believe that regular caffeine use causes physical dependence. Heavy caffeine users show similar behaviors. For example, they get mild to severe headaches, or they feel tired or sad when they can’t have a caffeinated drink. To reduce or stop these feelings, users must consume caffeine, which is characteristic of drug addiction.

Despite these concerns, the general opinion in the scientific field is that caffeine is not dangerous when one or two small cups of coffee per day are consumed. Furthermore, a lot of current research goes against long-held negative beliefs about caffeine, and suggests that it may, in fact, have health benefits. For example, studies have shown that caffeine can help ease pain and help improve one’s mood. Research has also shown that some caffeinated drinks can help the body fight a number of illnesses, including certain types of cancer.

Caffeine’s behavioral effects are real, but most often mild. Getting that burst of energy, of course, is why many of the world’s most popular drinks contain caffeine. Whether it’s a student drinking coffee before class or a businessperson enjoying tea with lunch, humankind’s favorite stimulant (兴奋剂) is at work every day, all over the world.

1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “downing” in paragraph 1?

A．Holding.

B．Decreasing.

C．Drinking.

D．Waking.

2. Which statement would sleep expert Charles Czeisler probably agree with?

A．The type of caffeine will affect people’s sleep.

B．Heavy caffeine consumption will cause drug addiction.

C．It’s a good idea to consume caffeine if people want to stay energetic.

D．Regular caffeine use will make it difficult for people to get enough sleep.

3. What is the text mainly about?

A．The risks of caffeine intake.	B．The effects of consuming caffeine.
C．Healthy and unhealthy caffeine products.	D．Recent changes in caffeine consumption.

4. What is the author’s attitude towards caffeine consumption?

A．Worried.

B．Doubtful.

C．Objective.

D．Unconcerned.

3 . Various sports attract fans for different reasons: Spectator sports draw even more fans who just love to watch. Here are some of the most beloved sports worldwide.

Hockey-2 billion fans

Hockey, both on ice and on a field, wins a following of two billion enthusiastic fans worldwide. Field hockey is mainly played in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia, while ice hockey is particularly popular in Canada and the US, where kids grow up playing pond hockey. Unlike ice hockey, field hockey usually does not involve body contact in the form of checking and hitting.

Football-4 billion fans

Football, better known as soccer in the US, is by far the most popular sport in the world. Experts estimate that the origin (起源) of football may go as far back as two thousand years, beginning in ancient China during the Han Dynasty. One major reason for football’s global popularity is that unlike other sports that require expensive equipment, all you need to play football is a ball and your feet.

Volleyball-900 million fans

Volleyball pits two teams across a high net, each attempting to smash the ball onto the opponent’s floor. A popular variant, beach volleyball, is competed on sand by pairs rather than the regular six players per team. The crowd appeal of beach volleyball has grown greatly in recent years.

Tennis-1 billion fans

An estimated one billion people worldwide follow professional tennis tournaments and matches. In tennis, players on both sides of a net try to hit a ball with a racket so that it either goes past their opponent (对手) or bounces twice on their opponent’s side of the court to score points. Tennis superstars like Rafael Nadal, and Serena Williams are now household names around the world, with huge international fan bases.

1. Which sport attracts the most fans according to the text?

A．Volleyball.

B．Hockey.

C．Football.

D．Tennis.

2. What makes football popular all over the world?

A．Its long history.	B．Its great convenience.
C．Its unique origin.	D．Its huge fan bases.

3. Which statement about the four sports is true?

A．Playing ice hockey involves body contact.

B．Soccer is American people's favorite sport.

C．Beach volleyball has attracted the most sports fans recently.

D．A tennis player loses one point if his ball goes past his opponent.

4 . Home workout

As long as there is a space at home, we can move. It will take time if we go outside as time is precious, especially in this fast- paced age. So many people like to exercise at home. However, without trainers, getting good exercises at home can be difficult.     1    

Avoid over-training. Nowadays, a lot of people prefer to do some popular programs they see on social media. But a lot of these programs are high-in-tensity (高强度的) and designed to make you feel tired.     2     Training beyond your power can result in injury. “You might develop tendonitis (肌腱炎) in the knees; you might hurt an ankle,” said Clifton Hempstead, a well-known personal trainer.

    3     A lot of home workout programs that don’t need equipment include exercises such as planks (平板支撑),squats (深蹲) and sit-ups.     4     “When doing squats, your knees and toes should be pointed in the same direction so that, long term, your knees don’t suffer. If you can’t do an exercise, find a way to reduces its tensity so that you have less pain,” he said.

Do yoga in a suitable way.     5     But if you’d rather learn yoga through videos, it’s important to take it slow. Many video classes don’t offer any changes of poses that might make them work for different bodies. “If something doesn’t feel right, and you’re taking a video class, please quit,” he said. “Don’t go as far.”

A．It can be tricky to do yoga at home.

B．Yoga is the most effective in the presence of an instructor.

C．Here is something you should pay attention to when you choose to exercise at home.

D．Instead, you should try a program that is working toward a goal, with exercises you’re able to do.

E．Watch your form.

F．But having bad form can lead to injury.

G．People find it easy to do these programs.

5 . Artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 and Asian Para Games. AI usually refers to the advanced technologies, such as the naked﹣eye 3D, AR and so on. These terms might sound familiar, but how smart are they when applied to the 56 Asian Games venues (场地)?   

Their smartness can be found in running the venues with less human labor forces and with more connections between man and machines. At the Huanglong Sports Center, a system called Smart Stadium Brain is built. The Brain, a 25 square meter high definition screen in the venue’s information center, the lighting, the energy consumption guarantee a friendly environment for the athletes and audiences. For the benefit of audiences, a small screen on each seat is designed to be at the audience’s service. By finger touching, the audience can control it from three parts—angle, and size to watch and keep contact with the event. What’s more, supported by the 5 G technology.

AI also means further protection on environment. At the Fuyang sports Center, although it has been raining for days, the roof of the venue still remains dry. And the secret lies in its attractive sky garden. The garden, is not only eye﹣catching but also useful. It allows the greening rate of the entire stadium to reach as high as 45%, being energy﹣saving. Under the cobblestones (鹅卵石) , a recovery system is filtering (过滤) and collecting rainwater for the venue’s water system, and irrigation water.   

Smart devices are employed both inside and outside the venues. For example, the Tonglu sports Center starts a WeChat mini﹣program for any follower to learn about the venue through VR games and videos before the Hangzhou Asian Games. During the Games, the program will allow the athletes and audiences to place orders online.

1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “guarantee” in Para2?

A．Make sure of.

B．Take advantage of.

C．Get used to.

D．Keep up with.

2. What can we infer from Para2?

A．The audience can’t see the whole venue on the large screen.

B．The stadium is environmentally friendly and advanced but costly.

C．The audience can control small screens on their seats as they wish.

D．Small screens make the game watching enjoyable and convenient.

3. How does the roof of the venue keep dry while it’s raining?

A．By saving energy.

B．By using the cobblestone of the sky garden.

C．By recycling the rainwater.

D．By improving the greening rate.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Asian Games with Artificial Intelligence.

B．A Sports Center with Smart Stadium Brain.

C．More Connections with Smart Devices.

D．Smart Asian Games with High﹣tech Venues.

6 . Playing tennis might add years to your life, according to a new study of Danish men and women. The study found that adults who frequently participate in tennis or other racket (球拍) and team sports lived longer than people who were spending a lot of time sitting down. They also lived longer than people who took part in activities such as jogging, swimming and cycling. The results raise interesting questions about the role that social interactions might play in enlarging the benefits of exercise.

No one doubts that being physically active improves our health and can extend our longevity (寿命). But whether some activities might be better than others remains in argument. One widely publicized 2017 study of more than 80,000 British men and women found that those who played racket sports like tennis tended to outlive those who jogged.

The researchers widened their inquiry and looked at a variety of sports and their associations with life. To start, they turned to the same data resource they had used for the jogging study, the Copenhagen City Heart Study. The study’s participants had all completed health exams and lengthy questionnaires about their lifestyles and whether and how often they took part in some sports common in Denmark, including cycling, swimming, running, tennis, soccer and, perhaps unexpectedly, badminton.

According to the data, cycling added an average of 3.7 years to riders’ lives, compared to sedentary Danes. Running added 3.2 years while tennis 9.7 years. These associations remained unchanged even when the researchers controlled for people’s education, socioeconomic status and age.

“Why and how some sports might add more years to people’s lives than others is impossible to know from this kind of observational study,” says Dr. James O’Keefe, a study co-author. “But we know that social support probably has unique effects on helping people get more benefits from the exercise.”

For now, people who run or ride alone might consider finding a group or partner to work out together. “Raising your heart rate is important for health,” he says. “But it looks like connecting with other people is, too.”

1. According to the passage, which activity may help people live longer?

A．Cycling.	B．Running marathon.
C．Swimming.	D．Playing badminton.

2. What does the underlined word “sedentary” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A．Inactive.

B．Outgoing.

C．Depressed.

D．Easygoing.

3. Which may Dr. James O’Keefe recommend according to the last paragraph?

A．Exercising alone.	B．Working out together.
C．Working out regularly.	D．Raising one’s heart rate.

4. It is suggested in the passage that ________.

A．women who prefer team sports live longer than men

B．people’s education and socioeconomic status affect their longevity

C．the reason why some sports might add more years to people’s lives is still unknown

D．80,000 Danish men and women participated in the survey

8 . Amazing Ancient Forests Around the World

A visit to one of these long-lived woodlands is an excellent experience. Here’s where to see some of the oldest forests on Earth.

The Takayna/Tarkine Forest     Australia        

Tasmania’s Takayna/Tarkine Forest gives an experience of what life on Earth looked like 300 million years ago. This rainforest in Australia is home to the second oldest living tree species on the planet: the amazing 3, 000-year-old Huon pines. To explore this fantastic area blanketed with trees, waterfalls, rivers, caves, hills and moorlands, book a tour with Tarkine Trails.

The Araucaria Forest     Chile     

The Chilean pine tree that spans (横跨) the country’s Lake District is thought to have developed its strange paintbrush shape to defend against dinosaurs during the Jurassic period. However, the forest is most attractive set against the backdrop of surprisingly blue lakes and snowcapped volcanoes in Conguillio National Park. Por those who want to take their time, campsites are available within the park and currently taking reservations (预定) .

The Yakushima Forest     Japan       

This forest was considered so beautiful by Japan’s 17th-century royalty (王室) that the landscape was recreated in a garden on the mainland, and in 1993, the Yakushima Forest was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site. Once on the Yakushima Island, there is a range of accommodation options, including the expensive Sankara Hotel &Spa (from $750/night, expedia. com ) .

The Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest     California     

The Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest is home to some of the oldest living trees on Earth. The most ancient among the protected forest’s bristlecone pines— which are characterized by their unusual-looking twisted forms-is Methuselah, a tree estimated to be 4, 841 years old. Grandview Campground ($5 per night, first come first serve) is the closest to the Bristlecone Pine Forest.

1. Which forest is the home of Huon pines?

A．The Araucaria Forest.	B．The Yakushima Forest.
C．The Takayna/Tarkine Forest.	D．The Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest.

2. What is special about the Yakushima Forest?

A．It is set against snowcapped volcanoes.	B．It was recreated by Japan’s royalty.
C．It is a UNESCO World Heritage site.	D．It offers beautiful scenery.

3. What do the Araucaria Forest and the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest have in common?

A．Visitors can stay in expensive hotels.

B．Visitors can admire the oldest living trees.

C．Visitors can experience the Jurassic period.

D．Visitors can camp while enjoying the beauty of nature

9 . This is the time of year when many gardeners are harvesting tomatoes. Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently reported about the many pictures of strangely shaped tomatoes sent to her from fans of her gardening advice.     1    . The good news, Damiano said, is that there is nothing wrong with the strangely shaped fruits.     2    . Their unusual appearance does not affect their taste or nutritional value.

    3     If you have ever cut open a tomato, you know they are divided into internal (内部的) parts, called locules (小室). Most tomatoes have about four or five locules; other kinds of the fruit, like cherry tomatoes, contain two or three. But when a plant experiences extreme (极端的) temperature, cell division in the developing fruit can go off track. Temperatures over 32℃ during the day and 27℃ overnight can lead the tomato to form an extra locule. But there is not enough room inside a tomato for the extra part, so it grows on the outside of the fruit.

Not every tomato on an affected plant will be deformed (改变形状), however. What are the possibilities? Under the right conditions (temperatures that are too hot or even too cold), this could affect one or two tomatoes per plant, depending on where they are in the development process and what the (weather) conditions are, said Timothy McDermott, a professor at Ohio State University. The possibility of one of your tomatoes developing a locule oddity (怪异) is about one in a thousand, McDermott said.     4     But, Damiano noted, heirloom (原种) kinds seem more likely to have this genetic mutation (基因变异) than hybrids.

And, when harvesting your crop, remember:     5    

A．select the good-looking ones.

B．Any tomato can grow an extra locule.

C．the funny-looking tomatoes taste just as good!

D．What causes the unusual appearance of tomatoes?

E．Unless otherwise diseased, they are perfectly good for eating.

F．She said people sometimes question if the tomatoes are okay to eat.

G．Provide shade for your plants when temperatures are predicted to remain above 32℃.